2020版高考英語復(fù)習(xí)課時作業(yè)（十五）（含解析）北師大版必修5.docx

課時作業(yè)(十五)授課提示：對應(yīng)學(xué)生用書第309頁課時練(一)閱讀理解提速練練速度(限時：35分鐘)閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A2019鄭州質(zhì)量檢測Chinese movie theaters are never running short of youth films. Youth (芳華), directed by Feng Xiaogang, was released in December, 2017 and hit the screen. But this one is different: It is dedicated to the youth of our parents generation.Set in the 1970s, the story begins in a military art troupe (演出團(tuán)), in which the soldiers duties are to sing, dance and promote culture. He Xiaoping, a newcomer, is a talented dancer. With a painful childhood, she wants to make a fresh start in the troupe, yet her family background makes her the laughing stock (笑柄) among the girls. The only person who is nice to her is Liu Feng, a kind and unselfish man.In most youth films, the characters life paths are only influenced by their own choices. However, the young people in Youth are also a part of “the whirlwind (旋風(fēng)) of historical changes”， as film critic Justin Chang wrote in the Los Angeles Times. In a period of more than 30 years, they have to experience the “cultural revolution” (19661976) and the SinoVietnamese War, during which Liu Feng loses one arm and He Xiaoping suffers from a mental illness. The disbandment (解散) of the troupe also tears them away from the life and people they are so familiar with, throwing them into a new life they know nothing about.They all have to learn “to make peace with the past and make the most of the present”， wrote Giovanna Fulvi on the website TIFF.But theres still something that never changes about youth. No matter what time of history it is, people share the same longing for love and beauty. Sunshine, laughter and swimming pools these typical images of youth are all well kept in Mr. Fengs new film.According to , Youth is actually a nostalgic (懷舊的) and personal work that Mr. Feng dedicates to his own experiences of working in a troupe. “When I look back in time, everything else in my life seems to be black and white，” he said. “The days in the troupe are the only part of my memory that always remains colorful.”【語篇解讀】本文是文化生活類說明文。作者介紹了馮小剛導(dǎo)演的芳華這部電影的背景、主要人物和內(nèi)容等。在不同的歷史時期，青春是有共性的。【難句分析】The disbandment (解散) of the troupe also tears them away from the life and people they are so familiar with, throwing them into a new life they know nothing about.分析：這是一個主從復(fù)合句。句子的主干部分是The disbandment of the troupe also tears them away from the life and people; they are so familiar with是一個省略了關(guān)系代詞的定語從句，修飾先行詞the life and people，關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作介詞with的賓語；throwing them into a new life they know nothing about是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。譯文：文工團(tuán)的解散也迫使他們不得不離開他們非常熟悉的生活和人，使他們進(jìn)入了他們完全不了解的新生活。1What influenced He Xiaopings and Liu Fengs lives most?AHistorical changes.BTheir own personalities.CTheir family backgrounds.DTheir longing for love and beauty.答案與解析：A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“However, the young people in Youth are also a part of the whirlwind (旋風(fēng)) of historical changes”可知，歷史的變化對芳華中的年輕人的生活的影響是非常大的，故答案是A。2Why did Feng Xiaogang direct the film Youth?ATo show the cruelty of the war.BTo urge people to value their youth.CTo recall the days when he worked in a troupe.DTo describe the life during the “cultural revolution” (19661976)答案與解析：C考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)尾段第一句“According to ifeng. com, Youth is actually a nostalgic (懷舊的) and personal work that Mr. Feng dedicates to his own experiences of working in a troupe”可知，馮小剛拍攝芳華這部電影，是為了紀(jì)念自己曾經(jīng)在劇團(tuán)里工作過的經(jīng)歷，故答案是C。3What do we know about the youth in different generations according to the text?AThey all treat sunshine and laughter as the typical images of themselves.BIn our parents generation, they dont love beauty due to hard life.CThey long for totally different things varying from generation to generation.DThough they live in different times, they still have something in common.答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第五段首句“But theres still something that never changes about youth”可知，關(guān)于青春，有的東西是永遠(yuǎn)不會改變的，也就是說，青春是有共性的，故答案是D。B2019山西八校聯(lián)考 At a farm off Narrow Lane near Lexington, Kentucky, US, oldfashioned houses look over the little red barn (畜舍). The farm is mostly empty now. Jim Mahan and his family, who lived there for generations, have moved to a different plot of land in northern Fayette County. As land is sold, houses go up where there once were fields. But during the summer, the barn is filled with city kids who have come to enjoy the farm. Theyre members of the Fayette County Livestock (FCL) Club, which showcases skills as varied as cutting wool. The barn is where they look after the animals. “A lot of Lexington kids dont know anything about farm life，” said Adria Meier, 17, who has looked after goats and sheep for three years. “There is so much to learn.” The dozen or so children who take care of their goats and sheep at the little red barn must do a sixhour class before they get an animal. They pay for their own animals but get special club programs, such as one that provides vet (獸醫(yī)) care. Mahan lets the group use the barn for free, and the kids spend up to three hours a day there during the summer. But as his land gets sold, he doesnt know whether the club can continue. What makes the FCL Club special is that most of the kids cant just walk out their doors and take care of their animals. Most are driven to the barn by their mothers, who usually hang around and chat as their kids feed and exercise the animals. There are valuable lessons learned along the way. For instance, dont cut wool off your goat when there is wind, and sheep are social animals and will cry loudly when separated. “Tending to animals helps teach us responsibility. Unlike learning to shoot an arrow, caring for an animal isnt something you can simply abandon，” said Carly Playforth, 16, of Lexington.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文，向我們講述了一群城里的孩子來到鄉(xiāng)間農(nóng)場體驗不同的生活照顧農(nóng)場動物的故事。【長難句分析】Unlike learning to shoot an arrow, caring for an animal isnt something you can simply abandon.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句，句式結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜。介詞短語Unlike learning to shoot an arrow作狀語；caring for an animal isnt something是主句；you can simply abandon是定語從句，修飾先行詞something，關(guān)系代詞that在從句中作abandon的賓語，故被省略了。在主句中，caring for an animal是動名詞短語作主語。譯文：不像學(xué)射箭，照顧一個動物可不是你能輕易放棄的事情。4What is the requirement for kids before they get animals?AAttend a class.BPay certain money.CHave varied skills.DGet special club programs.答案與解析：A考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)第三段中的“must do a sixhour class before they get an animal”可知，得到動物之前，孩子們必須上一節(jié)六小時的課程，這個課程可能是培訓(xùn)孩子們?nèi)绾握疹檮游锏摹?What do we know about the club?AThey offer services unconditionally.BThey pay for their use of the barn.CThey let mothers care for animals.DThey allow mothers to push kids.答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第四段中的“Most are driven to the barn by their mothers”可推知，該俱樂部讓孩子的媽媽督促孩子參與農(nóng)場活動。故選D項?！靖蓴_項分析】根據(jù)第三段最后一句可知，俱樂部不是無條件提供服務(wù)的，排除A項；根據(jù)第四段中的“Mahan lets the group use the barn for free”可排除B項；C項文中沒有提及。6How does Carly Playforth feel about the experience?ASuspicious.BMoved.CAppreciative. DOpposed.答案與解析：C考查觀點態(tài)度。最后一段首句是段落主旨句，作者引用Carly Playforth的話為的是進(jìn)一步說明照顧動物教會孩子們的珍貴東西，比如責(zé)任。由此可知，Carly Playforth對這種經(jīng)歷是贊賞的(Appreciative)。7What is the passage mainly about?AKids life on a sold farm.BValuable lessons learned on the farm.CA special club intended for Lexington kids.DA club activity of caring for farm animals.答案與解析：D考查主旨大意。根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容可知，本文重點介紹的是FCL俱樂部借助一個農(nóng)場舉辦的活動讓孩子們親自照顧動物，在這一過程中，孩子們受益匪淺。故D項概括最為全面。C2019臨沂高考模擬 Scientists have discovered evidence that some of the earliest members of the human race, Homo sapiens (智人), were surprisingly advanced. These early humans knew how to use color pigments (色素) found in nature, create advanced tools and trade for supplies with other groups of people. The scientists examined artifacts (手工藝品) recovered from southern Kenya. Some of the objects are said to date back to 320 000 years ago. They are about the same age as the earliestknown Homo sapiens fossils found in other parts of Africa. The researchers described an ochre pigment that produced a brightred color. They say this pigment could have been used for body painting. They found tools made from obsidian, a volcanic rock that can have an extremely sharp edge. They also found evidence of obsidian being transported to a place, up to 88 kilometers away from where the rock was found. This discovery led the scientists to believe it had come from another group through trade. But they did not know what was provided in exchange for the obsidian. Rick Potts believes that these newly identified mental and social abilities including recognition of “distant groups, use of pigments and technologies including projectile points were at the foundation of our species origin”. Speaking of the pigment, Alison Brooks said, “The choice of importing the ochre from a distance rather than using a more common local material. argues that having a red face or hair or clothing or weapons also carried a symbolic message of some sort.” The researchers described the obsidian tools they found as smaller, of better quality, and more specialized than larger stone tools used by earlier human species. The obsidian was used in a number of tools with sharp or pointy edges. The rock was also found in small, sharp points that could be placed at the end of a piece of wood or bone for use as a weapon.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。科學(xué)家用實例證明了早期人類并不是我們想象中的那么簡單?！鹃L難句分析】They also found evidence of obsidian being transported to a place, up to 88 kilometers away from where the rock was found. (第三段第四句)分析：where引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞from的賓語。譯文：他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)黑曜石被運送到一個距巖石被發(fā)現(xiàn)的地點88公里處的地方?！驹~匯積累】evidence n證據(jù)create v創(chuàng)造foundation n基礎(chǔ)8What do we know about early humans from the passage?AThey were not as simple as one would think.BThey were as intelligent as we are today.CThey could produce color pigments.DThey could make weapons we cant.答案與解析：A考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)發(fā)現(xiàn)證據(jù)證明早期人類擁有智慧和高級技能。由此可推知，早期人類并不像我們所想的那么簡單。故選擇A項。9What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe evidence. BThe pigment.CThe tool. DThe rock.答案與解析：D考查指代判斷。根據(jù)第三段中的“They found tools made from obsidian, a volcanic rock that can have an extremely sharp edge. They also found evidence of obsidian being transported to a place, up to 88 kilometers away from where the rock was found. This discovery led the scientists to believe it had come from another group through trade.”(譯文：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)一種由黑曜石制成的工具，黑曜石是一種具有非常銳利的邊緣的火山巖。他們還發(fā)現(xiàn)黑曜石被運送到一個距巖石被發(fā)現(xiàn)地點88公里處的地方。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)使科學(xué)家們相信它是從另一個群體通過貿(mào)易而來的。)可知，畫線詞“it”指代的是“the rock”。故選擇D項。10Why are Rick Potts and Alison Brooks words mentioned?ATo state facts of early humans communication.BTo tell us early humans could make tools.CTo prove some early humans good development.DTo list some examples of early humans abilities.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，作者引用Rick Potts和Alison Brooks的話是為了表明早期人類有較好的發(fā)展水平。故選擇C項。11Which of the following is TRUE of obsidian according to the text?AIt was not sharp.BIt was made of wood or bone.CIt was a kind of pigments.DIt was used much by early humans.答案與解析：D考查推理判斷。由最后一段中的“The researchers described the obsidian tools they found as smaller, of better quality, and more specialized than larger stone tools used by earlier human species.”可推知，早期人類經(jīng)常使用黑曜石。故選擇D項。D2019江西名校聯(lián)盟檢測 Parents usually teach their children how to cross the street safely, by looking both ways for cars. But do they also teach them to put away their cell phones? The city of Honolulu, Hawaii wants everyone to learn that lesson. Texting while crossing the street will soon be banned in the city. Beginning on October 24, you could be fined from $15 to $99 if you step onto a Honolulu street while looking at your phone. Honolulu is the first major US. city to ban what is called “distracted walking”. It recently passed a law in a seventotwo vote. The law says: “No pedestrian shall cross a street or highway while viewing a mobile electronic device (裝置)” In other words, do not look at a screen when you cross the street or you could be fined. The laws creators hope it will lower the number of people hit and killed by cars in the city. Mayor Kirk Caldwell told Reuters news agency, “We hold the unfortunate distinction of being a major city with more pedestrians being hit in crosswalks, particularly our seniors, than that of almost any other cities in the country.” The law includes all electronic devices with screens: cell phones, tablets, gaming devices, digital cameras and laptop computers. The law does permit an exception. Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers. Pedestrian deaths have been increasing as the use of cell phones rises. The Governors Highway Safety Association, or GHSA, says pedestrian deaths in the United States increased by 25 percent between 2010 and 2015. That trend continued in 2016 with the number of pedestrian deaths rising to almost 6,000, 11% higher than that in 2015. Other US. cities may follow Honolulu. The State of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007. Now, 46 other states as well as D. C， Puerto Rico, Guam and the US. Virgin Islands, also have laws against texting while driving.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了美國夏威夷的城市Honolulu通過立法禁止人們過馬路時看電子設(shè)備的相關(guān)信息。12Whats the passage mainly about?AHonolulu will ban distracted walking.BTexting while walking draws public attention.CMore cities in the US. will ban texting while driving.DThe number of people killed by cars in Honolulu is increasing.答案與解析：A考查主旨大意。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了Honolulu通過立法禁止人們過馬路時看電子設(shè)備的相關(guān)信息。根據(jù)第二段第二至四句可知，A項正確。13In what case can people use electric devices in Honolulu streets?AWalking with police officers.BMaking urgent calls.CHelping rescue workers.DTexting to consult about emergency services.答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“The law does permit an exception. Pedestrians may use such devices in the street to call emergency services and rescue workers, such as firefighters and police officers”可知，在馬路上當(dāng)行人遇到緊急狀況需要給應(yīng)急服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)打電話的時候，不會受到懲罰，故答案為B。14What does the author convey in Paragraph 5?ATexting while walking should be banned quickly.BDistracted walking caused a severe problem in Honolulu.CCell phones led to more and more pedestrian deaths in the US.DPedestrian deaths were caused by texting while walking.答案與解析：C考查推理判斷。文章的第五段用數(shù)據(jù)說明隨著手機(jī)的使用增加，行人的死亡數(shù)量也日益增加，即在美國手機(jī)造成了越來越多的行人死亡。15Which US. state was the first to ban texting while driving?AHawaii. BWashington.CPuerto Rico. DGuam.答案與解析：B考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。根據(jù)文章最后一段中的“The State of Washington was the first to outlaw distracted driving back in 2007”可知，華盛頓州是第一個把“分心駕駛”列為非法行為的州，故答案為B。注意：雖然outlaw是生詞，但是根據(jù)文章最后一句中的“also have laws against texting while driving”便可推知，“outlaw distracted driving”與之意思是一樣的。第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。2019青島統(tǒng)一檢測 In any college application process, the interview is very important. A quick look at interview tips will tell you to smile, make eye contact, and shake the interviewers hand firmly. _1_ So, what should you do? The interviewer must decide if youre a good fit for the university. _2_ _3_ Interviewers are constantly surprised by how many really smart and hardworking students do so little research before they go into their interview. You should, for example, find out where your interviewer is from, what he or she studied, and maybe even find publications he or she has written. This can be done easily by searching for a few minutes online. More importantly, you should do a lot of research on the university beyond simply knowing its ranking in league tables. Interviewers hate when you say you want to go to their university just because its famous. _4_ After all, you would want this school to choose you over another excellent Chinese student. Finally, make sure you “do your homework”. If youre interested in biology, be sure to know the biology professors names. If youre interested in hiking and camping, be sure to know the name of the outdoors club at the school. _5_ARemember that preparation is the key.BThey will lead to your success in the interview.CThat means its important to succeed as socially welladjusted.DTie your interests and goals to what the school in particular has to offer.EFirst of all, dress appropriately to leave a good impression.FUnfortunately, few tell you what it is that the interviewer is really looking for.GInstead, you should explain why you chose them over other great universities.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。在申請自己喜歡的大學(xué)的過程中，面試很重要。本文主要介紹了在去面試之前你需要準(zhǔn)備哪些事情?！鹃L難句分析】Interviewers are constantly surprised by how many really smart and hardworking students do so little research before they go into their interview.(第五段第二句)分析：本句是主從復(fù)合句。how引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作介詞by的賓語；before引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。譯文：面試官經(jīng)常驚訝有多少很聰明和勤奮的學(xué)生在他們面試之前很少做研究?！驹~匯積累】contact n接觸；聯(lián)系constantly adv.經(jīng)常地，持續(xù)不斷地publication n出版；出版物1答案與解析：F根據(jù)空格前一句“A quick look at interview tips will tell you to smile, make eye contact, and shake the interviewers hand firmly.”可知，快速瀏覽一下面試技巧會告訴你要微笑，要有眼神接觸，要堅定地和面試官握手；根據(jù)第三段“So, what should you do？”可知，F(xiàn)項“不幸的是，很少有人告訴你什么是面試官真正想要的”承上啟下，符合語境。故選F項。2答案與解析：C根據(jù)空格前一句“The interviewer must decide if youre a good fit for the university.”可知，面試官會決定你是否適合上這所大學(xué)。C項承接上文，符合語境。故選C項。3答案與解析：A本段主要講述了為什么在面試之前做好準(zhǔn)備非常重要。A項“記住做好準(zhǔn)備是非常重要的”概括了本段內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選A項。4答案與解析：G根據(jù)空格前一句“Interviewers hate when you say you want to go to their university just because its famous.”可知，面試官不喜歡你說想去他們的大學(xué)僅僅因為它出名。G項“相反，你應(yīng)該解釋你為什么選擇它們而不是其他好的大學(xué)”承接上文，符合語境。故選G項。5答案與解析：D根據(jù)空格前一句“If youre interested in hiking and camping, be sure to know the name of the outdoors club at the school.”可知，如果你對徒步旅行和露營感興趣，一定要知道學(xué)校戶外俱樂部的名稱。D項“把你的興趣和目標(biāo)與學(xué)校特別提供的東西相結(jié)合起來”承接上文，符合語境。故選D項。課時練(二)英語知識運用板塊練練準(zhǔn)度(限時：30分鐘)英語知識運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共20小題；每小