高中英語(yǔ)句子成分分析1.pptVIP

句子的構(gòu)成,句子成分,主語(yǔ) subject 謂語(yǔ) predicate 賓語(yǔ) object 表語(yǔ) predicative 賓補(bǔ) complement 定語(yǔ) attribute 狀語(yǔ) adverbial 同位語(yǔ) appositive,1. I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday., 主語(yǔ), 謂 語(yǔ), 定語(yǔ), 賓 語(yǔ), 同位語(yǔ), 狀 語(yǔ),主語(yǔ),Jane is good at playing the piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight. To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.,主語(yǔ): 可以作主語(yǔ)的成分有名詞, 主格代詞,動(dòng)詞不定式, 動(dòng)名詞等等。主語(yǔ)一般在句首。,名詞,主格代詞,數(shù)詞,動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞,the + 形容詞,句子,謂語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ): 簡(jiǎn)單謂語(yǔ)由動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞詞組構(gòu)成, 一般在主語(yǔ)之后。 I saw the flag on the top of the hill? He looked after two orphans. 復(fù)合謂語(yǔ) 由情態(tài)動(dòng)詞或助動(dòng)詞+動(dòng)詞; He can speak English well. She has finished the homework.,1. The sun rose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. Who knows the answer? 6. He has refused to help them. 7. He enjoys reading. 8. He said “Good morning.“,I like my job. I love you.,He wanted to leave here. They enjoyed playing computer games. He asked where he was.,（三）賓語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)：動(dòng)作的接受者，一般在謂語(yǔ)后面,賓語(yǔ)分為直接賓語(yǔ)和間接賓語(yǔ).直接賓語(yǔ)指物,間接賓語(yǔ)指人. He gave me some books., 間接 賓語(yǔ), 直接 賓語(yǔ),Please pass me the book. He bought me some flowers.,(四)賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): 位于賓語(yǔ)之后對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說(shuō)明的成分。 I found the book interesting. Do you hear Tom singing? He made himself understood. She asked me to lend her a hand. Please make yourself at home. Please keep the dog out. We must keep it a secret.,形容詞,現(xiàn)在分詞,過(guò)去分詞,動(dòng)詞不定式,介詞短語(yǔ),副詞,名詞,(五)定語(yǔ),He is a clever boy. They are building a stone bridge. There are 54 students in our class. Do you known Bettys sister? He bought some sleeping pills. There is a sleeping baby in bed. His spoken language is good. I met a friend on my way home.,(形容詞),(名詞),(數(shù)詞),(名詞的所有格),(動(dòng)名詞),(現(xiàn)在分詞),(過(guò)去分詞),(副詞),The girl in red is his sister. We have a lot of work to do. The girl standing under the tree is his daughter. Do you know the man who spoke just now? There is nothing interesting in this book.,（六）狀語(yǔ),用于修飾形容詞,副詞,動(dòng)詞,介詞短語(yǔ)或句子.可表示時(shí)間,地點(diǎn),原因,結(jié)果,目的,方式,伴隨,條件,程度,讓步,頻率等. I will be back in a while. They are playing on the playground. He was late because he got up late. He got up so late that he missed the train.,I waited to see you. He often went to school by bus. His parents died,leaving him an orphan. Please call me if it is necessary. This book is very interesting. He went to school in spite of his illness. He always comes late to school.,He went. He went there. He went there yesterday. He went there to see his mother yesterday. He went there to see his mother by bike yesterday.,（七）表語(yǔ),在系動(dòng)詞后的部分就是表語(yǔ) 常見的系動(dòng)詞有: Be動(dòng)詞 (am, is, are) 感官系動(dòng)詞 feel, smell, sound, taste, look 變化系動(dòng)詞 become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come 狀態(tài)系動(dòng)詞 seem, keep, remain, stay, appear.,The war was over. They seem to know the truth. Time is precious. Im not quite myself today. Who was the first? He is out of condition. The book is what I need. The apple tastes good.,八、同位語(yǔ),同位語(yǔ) 當(dāng)兩個(gè)指同一事物的句子成分放在 同等位置時(shí), 一個(gè)句子成分用來(lái)說(shuō)明和解釋 另一個(gè)句子成分, 這個(gè)句子成分就叫做它的 同位語(yǔ)。 We students should study hard. (students是we的同位語(yǔ), 都是指同一批“學(xué)生”) We all are students. (all是we的同位語(yǔ), 都指同樣的“我們”),句子分類,簡(jiǎn)單句,復(fù)合句,并列復(fù)合句,主從復(fù)合句,有兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的簡(jiǎn)單句用連詞連接而成。 如：and, but, or, so等,定語(yǔ)從句,狀語(yǔ)從句,名詞性從句,由一個(gè)主語(yǔ)（或并列主語(yǔ)）和一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)（或并列謂語(yǔ)）組成的句子.eg:,Tom and Mike are American boys.,She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the newspaper.,由主句和從句構(gòu)成，且主從句分別有不同的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。,五大基本句型,一: (主謂) 二: (主系表) 三: (主謂賓) 四: (主謂間賓直賓) 五: (主謂賓賓補(bǔ)),基本句型 一:(主謂),謂語(yǔ):不及物動(dòng)詞(vi.)沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ), 形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)。,如: We come.,(不及物動(dòng)詞),1. The sun rose. 2. Who cares? 3. What he said does not matter. 4. They talked for half an hour. 5. The pen writes smoothly,基本句型二：(是系動(dòng)詞) (表語(yǔ)),1. This is an English-Chinese dictionary. 2. The dinner smells good. 3. He fell in love. 4. Everything looks different. 5. He is growing tall and strong. 6. Our well has gone dry. 7. His face turned red.,基本句型 三: (主謂賓),此句型的特點(diǎn)是：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞都是及物動(dòng)詞,必須 跟有一個(gè)賓語(yǔ), 即動(dòng)作的承受者, 才能使意思完整。,(及物動(dòng)詞)(賓語(yǔ)),1. Whoknowsthe answer? 2. He has refusedto help them. 3. Heenjoysreading. 4. Hesaid“Good morning.” 5. Headmitsthat he was mistaken.,基本句型 四: (主謂間賓直賓),有些及物動(dòng)詞可以有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ), e.g. give/pass/bring/show。這兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)通常一個(gè) 指人(間接賓語(yǔ)); 一個(gè)指物(直接賓語(yǔ))。,-Give me a cup of tea please. -Give a cup of tea to me please.,give sb sth= give sth to sb,(及物)(多指人)(多指物),She ordered herself a new dress. 2. He brought you a dictionary. 3. I showed him my pictures. 4. I told him that the bus was late. 5. He showed me how to run the machine.,基本句型 五: (主謂賓賓補(bǔ)),此句型的特點(diǎn)是: 動(dòng)詞雖然是及物動(dòng)詞, 但是只跟一個(gè) 賓語(yǔ)還不能表達(dá)完整的意思, 必須加上一個(gè)補(bǔ)充成分 來(lái)補(bǔ)足賓語(yǔ), 才能使意思完整。,賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ): 位于賓語(yǔ)之后對(duì)賓語(yǔ)作出說(shuō)明的成分。 可以用作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的有名詞, 形容詞, 不定式, 動(dòng)名詞, 分詞, 介詞短語(yǔ)等。,The war made him a soldier. New methods make the job easy. I often find him at work. The teacher ask the students to close the windows. I saw a cat running across the road.,名詞,形容詞,介詞短語(yǔ),動(dòng)詞不定式,動(dòng)名詞, (及物) (賓語(yǔ)) (賓補(bǔ)),1. They painted the door green. 3. They found the house deserted. 4. He asked me to come back soon. 5. I saw them getting on the bus.,a. b. c. d. e. ,1. Pleas tell us a story. _ 2. She smiled. _ 3. His job is to train swimmers. _ 4. He noticed a man enter the room. _ 5. Please look at the picture. _,d,a,b,e,c,Exercises:分析句子結(jié)構(gòu),You are a student. He felt happy today. What you said made me happy. Could you give me some advice on how to learn English well? After he finished his homework, he went away. He likes pop music.,劃分句子成分,You will tell your friend that youve got to school. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. 3. Another time five months ago, I happened to be upstairs at dusk when the window was open. 4. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power.,1.You will tell （your） friend that youve got to school. 2. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. 3. Another time five months ago, I happened to be Upstairs at dusk (when the window was open). 4. The (dark, rainy) evening, the wind, the thundering Clouds held me entirely in their power.,主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),間賓,定語(yǔ),直接賓語(yǔ),原因狀語(yǔ),主語(yǔ),謂語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ),一) 挑出下列句中的賓語(yǔ) My brother hasnt done his homework. People all over the world speak English. How many new words did you learn last class? Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you? The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill.,(二) 挑出下列句中的表語(yǔ) - The old man was feeling very tired. - The leaves have turned yellow. - Soon they all became interested in the subject.,(三) 挑出下列句中的定語(yǔ) 1. What is your given name? 2. I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. 3. The man downstairs was try