人教版高一英語(yǔ)模塊一unit1 the attributive clause 2定語(yǔ)從句2導(dǎo)學(xué)案（無(wú)答案）

定語(yǔ)從句 課題名稱(chēng)定語(yǔ)從句2 授課教師：教學(xué)目標(biāo)掌握關(guān)系代詞與關(guān)系副詞的區(qū)別；掌握定語(yǔ)從句中關(guān)系代詞的特殊用法教學(xué)重點(diǎn)教學(xué)難點(diǎn)關(guān)系代詞&關(guān)系副詞的選擇設(shè)計(jì)意圖通過(guò)翻譯句子掌握句子結(jié)構(gòu)教學(xué)過(guò)程由關(guān)系副詞（when/where/why）引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句關(guān)系副詞可替代的先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)或理由的名詞，如果在從句中作狀語(yǔ)，此時(shí)要選擇關(guān)系副詞。此時(shí)，關(guān)系副詞=介詞+關(guān)系代詞why=for whichwhere=in/ at/ on/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配)when=during/ on/ in/ . which (介詞同先行詞搭配)考點(diǎn)一:如何判定用關(guān)系代詞還是用關(guān)系副詞1、定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為及物動(dòng)詞。確定是否_主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)都齊全_。如_齊全_，證明從句中不缺主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)，所以，用關(guān)系副詞，即先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。用什么關(guān)系副詞看_先行詞_。例：I will never forget the day when I met my favorite star. 主句：I will never forget the day。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記那一天。 從句：I met my favorite star on the day.我在那一天見(jiàn)到了我最喜歡的明星。 =I will never forget the day on which I met my favorite star.對(duì)比：I will never forget the days which/that we spent together. 主句：I will never forget the days。我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記那些天。 從句：We spent the days together.我們一起度過(guò)那些天。（the days在從句中作賓語(yǔ)）I will never forget the days (_ I stayed with you).Jurassic Park is about a park _ (a very rich man keeps different Kinds of dinosaurs).1958 was the year _ (Spielberg made his first real film).Please give me the reason _ (you made such a great success).Morning is the best time _ (you practise reading aloud).Do you remember the lake _ (you first met your girlfriend.）2、 定語(yǔ)從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為不及物動(dòng)詞。若從句無(wú)_主語(yǔ)_，則用_關(guān)系代詞_；若有主語(yǔ)，則用_關(guān)系副詞_，即先行詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)。例1：This was the time when he arrived.解析： 主句：This was the time.這就是那個(gè)時(shí)間。 從句：He arrived at the time.他在那個(gè)時(shí)間到達(dá)。（the time在從句作狀語(yǔ)） =This was the time at which he arrived.例2：This is the factory where he works. 主句：This is the factory。這就是那家工廠。 從句：He works in the factory.他在那家工廠上班。（the factory在從句中作狀語(yǔ)）=This is the factory in which he works.對(duì)比：This is the factory that my father built last year.主句：This is the factory。這就是那家工廠。從句：My father built the factory last year.我爸爸去年建了這家工廠(the factory在從句中作賓語(yǔ))Yesterday we went to visit the house _ (the great writer used to live).The house _ (they built in 1987) stayed up in the earthquake.My father was born in the year _ (the Second World War broke out).3、如定語(yǔ)從句中先行詞是時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)名詞，且謂語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)是 被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu) ，有主語(yǔ) ，則用_關(guān)系副詞_。Kunming is a beautiful place _ (flowers are seen all the year round).October 1st is the day _ (new China was founded).4. why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語(yǔ)作用。例：Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. =Nobody knows the reason for which he is often late for school.注意：關(guān)系副詞when, where, why, 的含義相當(dāng)于“介詞+which”結(jié)構(gòu)，因此常常和“介詞+which“結(jié)構(gòu)交替使用。例：I will never forget the day on which I met my favorite star.【when】Nanjing is the place in which I was born.【where】Is this the reason for which he refused our offer?【why】注意：當(dāng)先行詞為point, situation, case，stage時(shí)定語(yǔ)從句可用where引導(dǎo)1. The media can draw attention to situation where help is needed.2.We have reached a stage where we have almost no rights.3.Today, well discuss a number of cases where beginners of English fail to use the language properly.4.We are just trying to reach a point where both sides will sit down together and talk.考點(diǎn)二：that和which的選擇(1) that指物時(shí)一般可以與which互換，但在下列情況引導(dǎo)詞只用that，不用which。當(dāng)先行詞為_(kāi)everything,anything,nothing(something),all,none,few,little,some等不定代詞_時(shí)。All _ can be done has been done.I am sure she has something _ you can borrow.There is little _ the enemy can do besides surrender. 先行詞被_every,any,all,some,no,little,few,much等代詞修飾時(shí)。Ive read all the books _ you gave me.先行詞是_形容詞最高級(jí)修飾或被序數(shù)詞修飾_時(shí)。This is the best book _ Ive ever read.This is the first composition _ he has written in English.先行詞被_thevery,theonly修飾_修飾時(shí)。That white flower is the only one _ I really like.This is the very book _ I want to find. 當(dāng)有_人又有物_時(shí)，這個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句要用that而不用who (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。He talked about the teachers and schools _ he had visited.先行詞是疑問(wèn)詞_who,which等疑問(wèn)代詞_時(shí)，定語(yǔ)從句用that而不用who, (whom)和which引導(dǎo)。Who is the person that is standing at the gate?Which of us that knows something about physics does not know this?What that is on the table belongs to me? 當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在從句中作_表語(yǔ)_時(shí)。Mary is no longer the girl _ she used to be.China is no longer the country _ it used to be.（2）不能用that的情況：非限定性定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞可用which/who/whom，which/whom可用于介詞后，其先行詞可是_一個(gè)詞_,也可是_整個(gè)主句或主句的一部分_。1 She heard a terrible noise, _ brought her heart into her mouth.A. it B. which C. this D. that2. The weather turned out to be good, _ was more than we could expect.A. what B. which C. that D. It考點(diǎn)三：as與which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句1、 如果定語(yǔ)放主句后，即可用_as也可用which_.He failed to the exam, as (=which) is natural.She seems a scientist, as (=which) in fact she is.Grammar is not a dead rule, which (=as) I have said before.2、如果從句在主句前，這時(shí)_as_引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。_we all know, his parents were killed in the war._we all know, the earth is round.3.用于_the sameas,suchas，asas, soas_中，一般用as。Such books _ you tell me are interesting.This is the same book _ I lent you yesterday.Here is so big a stone _ no man can lift.4. as在從句中作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，后面常接行為動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，如be known，be said，be reported等，如從句中行為動(dòng)詞是主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，一般要用which作主語(yǔ)。e.g. She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.5. 如果從句的內(nèi)容對(duì)主句內(nèi)容起著消極作用，或者說(shuō)導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果，則用which. He came back late, which made his mother worried.注意：當(dāng)主句和從句之間存在著邏輯上的因果關(guān)系時(shí)，關(guān)系詞往往只用which。如： Tomwaslateforschoolagainandagain,whichmadehisteacherveryangry.湯姆老是遲到，這使得老師很惱6.以theway為先行詞的限制性定語(yǔ)從句通常由inwhich或that引導(dǎo)，而且通?？梢允÷?。如：Theway(that/inwhich)heansweredthequestionswassurprising.他回答這些問(wèn)題的方式令人驚奇?？键c(diǎn)四：關(guān)系代詞前介詞的確定1.根據(jù)從句中動(dòng)詞與_先行詞的邏輯關(guān)系_。Is that the newspaper _ you often write articles?2. 根據(jù)從句中_動(dòng)詞或形容詞_的習(xí)慣搭配。Can you explain to me how to use these idioms _ Im sure.3. 根據(jù)_先行詞與介詞_的搭配習(xí)慣。1949 was the year_ the P.R.C. was founded.4.非限制性定語(yǔ)從句中，要表示先行詞的一部分時(shí)，可用“_數(shù)詞/代詞 + of + 關(guān)系代詞_”的結(jié)構(gòu)。There are 50 students in our class, _ have been to Beijing.我們班有50個(gè)學(xué)生，三分之二去過(guò)北京。注意區(qū)別：The old man has three sons, two of whom are doctors.The old man has three sons and two of them are doctors.5. Whose從句可轉(zhuǎn)換為“ the+n. +of +which或of +which+n.”型。They live in a house, the door _ opens to the south.=They live in a house, _ door opens to the south.Aof which B. whose C. which of D. which 6.關(guān)系副詞when, where, why可以用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~+which來(lái)替代。如：when=_in/on/at+which_, where=_in/on/at+which_, why=_for+which_，介詞的位置非常靈活，有時(shí)放在_關(guān)系代詞之前_，有時(shí)放在_在動(dòng)詞之后_。I wont forget the date _I was born.This is the room _ I lived. = This is the room _I lived in.I dont know the reason _ he hasnt come today.Tom still remembers the days _they lived in Tianjin.是否所有的介詞+關(guān)系代詞都能用關(guān)系副詞代替？The painting (_ I looked) was painted by me.The book (_ I heard) was written twenty years ago.The pen (_ she wrote that book) can now be seen in a museum.The film (_I fell asleep) was very boring.Kunming is a beautiful place _ (flowers are seen all the year round).I will never forget the day _ I first met you on the ship.結(jié)論 只有當(dāng)_介詞+關(guān)系代詞_充當(dāng)_地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)或原因狀語(yǔ)_時(shí)，才能用關(guān)系副詞代替。7. from where引導(dǎo)的特殊定語(yǔ)從句Sheclimbeduptothetopofthehill,fromwhereshecouldhaveagoodviewofthewhole town.她登上山頂，從那里她可以一覽全城風(fēng)光。劃線(xiàn)部分相當(dāng)于,andfromonthetopofthehill或fromonthetopofwhich,不可變?yōu)閒romwhich，也可直接用where引導(dǎo)，但語(yǔ)義較為含糊，不如用fromwhere更加生動(dòng)、形象、具體，且更符合英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣。8.當(dāng)介詞與名詞、代詞構(gòu)成介詞短語(yǔ)時(shí)，可放到which前；若介詞與不及物動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成固定搭配，則不可提前。Eg: This is the girl whom I have to take care of. This is the girl whom I want to watch a movie with. =This is the girl with whom I want to watch a movie.關(guān)系副詞在從句中作狀語(yǔ)（主謂賓齊全）實(shí)例展示 Do you still remember the days when we stayed together ? This is the place where he had a good time. I dont know the reason why he wont join us . The country is in the situation where a war will break out at any time.仿寫(xiě)練習(xí)1. 我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記我入團(tuán)的那一天。（when / on which ）_2. 他傷心的原因是他輸了比賽。（reason）_3. 他說(shuō)他永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)忘記他們第一次見(jiàn)面的時(shí)刻。（the moment）_4. 我們上到屋頂，從那里我們可以欣賞到這個(gè)城市的美景。（where , have a good view of ）_5. 你現(xiàn)在面臨的情形是必須馬上作決定。（situation）_6. 我已經(jīng)到了無(wú)法容忍他的地步。 （point）_7. 他解釋給我們聽(tīng)的那種方法很簡(jiǎn)單。（the way）_ 8.這就是她曾經(jīng)上學(xué)的地方。 _.9.我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記第一次見(jiàn)到她的那一天。 _10.我永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)忘記我們一起度過(guò)的那些天。 _. 11.這就是我們?cè)?jīng)工作的地方。 _.12.這就是我們?cè)?jīng)參觀過(guò)的地方。 _.13.這就是孩子經(jīng)常來(lái)玩耍的公園。 _.14.這個(gè)座位永遠(yuǎn)屬于她。_.只能用that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句實(shí)例展示 I am sure she was something （that）you can borrow. This is the first book (that )he has read. This is the very book that belongs to him . We were deeply impressed by the teachers and the schools(that)we had visited there . Who that broke the window will be punished. Nanchang is not the city that it was .仿寫(xiě)練習(xí)1. 我讀完了你借給我的書(shū)。（all ）_2. 他在中國(guó)參觀的第一個(gè)博物館是歷史博物館。（the first）_3. 他不再是以前的他了。（used to be ）_4. 我們老師昨天談到的那個(gè)著名作家和他的作品引起了學(xué)生極大的興趣。（arouse great interest among）_只能用which 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句實(shí)例展示 I love the house around which there are many flowers. Football , which is a very popular game , is played all over the world .仿寫(xiě)練習(xí)1. 外面有一棵很大的樹(shù)，下面站著我們的老師。（介詞+which ）_2. 他給了我?guī)妆疚也惶煜さ男≌f(shuō)。（介詞+which ）_3. 媽媽給我買(mǎi)了臺(tái)電腦作為生日禮物，這正是我所渴望的。（which ， long for ）_4. 他考試沒(méi)及格，這是自然而然的事情。（which 指代前面整句話(huà)的內(nèi)容）_As 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句實(shí)例展示 Here are so many questions as are asked by the girls . I have never seen such a kind of girl as she is . Ill do the exercises the same way as he does. Take as many jewels as you want . As is known to us , the earth travels around the sun.仿寫(xiě)練習(xí)1. 這是大家都喜歡的很有趣的一本書(shū)_2. 掌握一門(mén)外語(yǔ)很有用，這是大家公認(rèn)的。_3. 像往常一樣，杰克獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)。（as often happens）_4. 你能想象他有多勤奮，他就有多勤奮。_As常用短語(yǔ)實(shí)例展示As everybody can see 正如所有人都知道的那樣As can be seen 正如大家所知道的那樣As is known to all 眾所周知As has been said before 正如以前所說(shuō)的那樣As is often said 正如常說(shuō)的那樣As we expected 正如我們所期盼的一樣As is reported據(jù)報(bào)道含定語(yǔ)從句的常用諺語(yǔ)實(shí)例展示He laughs best who laughs last. 誰(shuí)笑到最后，誰(shuí)笑得最好。He who makes no mistakes makes nothing 從不犯錯(cuò)的人一事無(wú)成。All is not gold that glitters. 閃閃發(fā)光者，未必皆黃金。God helps those who help themselves 自助者天助。Opportunity and luck always shows appreciation for those who are bold in struggling機(jī)遇和幸運(yùn)總是垂青勇于奮斗的人。強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練1. 組句：將下面句子連成一句話(huà)1. A plane is a machine. The machine can fly_2. The girl is Mary. We saw her yesterday._3. He was talking with a lady. Her son was ill._4. The clothes have been cleaned. Im wearing them._5. He is sitting in a chair. It is broken._6. She is a person. Everyone likes to make friends with her._7. This teacher is liked by all the students. I work with her son._2. 改錯(cuò)（1）Anyone who break the law will be punished._（2）The house in where he lives needs repairing._（3）I still remember the day when we spent together._3. 句子辨析：在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)囊龑?dǎo)詞1, As a teacher, I never give students so difficult a question _ they cant work out. As a teacher, I never give students so difficult a question _ they cant work it out.2, _ is known to all, the earth is round. _is known to all that the earth is round.3. Ill remember the day _ we spent together. Ill remember the day_ we stayed together.4. This is the station _ was built last year. This is the station _ we saw Tom off.5. This is the reason _ he explained for his being late. This is the reason _ she was late.4. 翻譯下列句子1. 她就是那個(gè)女孩，她父親是我國(guó)著名的科學(xué)家。_2. 我要買(mǎi)一本在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)上對(duì)我有幫助的書(shū)。_3.手機(jī)是一種能幫助人們相互溝通的儀器。_4. 這是我們?cè)陂喿x中經(jīng)常碰到的單詞之一。_5. 我今天下午4點(diǎn)來(lái)看你，那時(shí)候我有空。_6. 這就是我們要看那場(chǎng)精彩電影的現(xiàn)代化影院。_7. 他有兩個(gè)兄弟，對(duì)我們都很好。_8. 他是我們村唯一不喜歡工作的村民。_9.不到長(zhǎng)城非好漢。（he who -）_10.兩個(gè)島中較大的是不列顛島，位于愛(ài)爾蘭島的東面。（which）_11.我喜歡窗子朝南的房子。（of which ）_12.他有三個(gè)兒子，他們當(dāng)中沒(méi)有一個(gè)是醫(yī)生。（of whom）_5. 話(huà)題運(yùn)用根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句寫(xiě)一篇5句話(huà)的文章介紹中國(guó)。根據(jù)下列內(nèi)容，運(yùn)用定語(yǔ)從句寫(xiě)一篇5句話(huà)的文章介紹中國(guó)。1. 眾所周知，中國(guó)有960萬(wàn)平方公里的土地，是世界第三大國(guó)。2. 中國(guó)有56個(gè)民族(nationality)，其中漢族（Han Ethnic）人占(account for)94%3. 中國(guó)有很多大河流，其中長(zhǎng)江和黃河是最重要的河流。4. 曾有一段時(shí)間，中國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)落后于世界很多國(guó)家。5. 隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的增長(zhǎng)，中國(guó)人被歧視的日子一去不復(fù)返，所有中國(guó)人都為此感到自豪。_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _課堂練習(xí)一、選擇填空1. Look at that lady name is Pochi.A. who B. whose C. whom D. that2. He is a teacher I like very much.A. whos B. whose C. / D. which3. Those pictures were drawn by Tom are nice. A. who B. whose C. whom D. which4. Those will go to the park stay here.A. who B. that C. whom D. whose5.The girl could sing well went to Europe.A. who B. whose C. whom D. Which6. The woman came yesterday is my mother. A.who B. whom C. whose D. which7. Is the American film you have seen interesting? A. who B. whom C. that D. when8.Have you found the bike was lost? A. which B. whose C. when D. where9. That was all the money I had.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom10. Tom is the first boy left the room. A. who B. that C. whom D. whose11. This is the biggest ship Ive ever seen.A. who B. whom C. that D. whose12. You can read any book I have.A. who B. whom C. that D. whose13. This is all she said about itA. who B. whom C. what D. that14. Look at the boy and his dog are coming this way.A. who B. which C. that D. whom15. I like swimming, is a very good sport.A. which B. that C. as D. who16. everybody knows, swimming is a very good sport.A. Which B. That C. As D. Who17. They selected Tom, they liked, as captain.A. which B. that C. whose D. whom18. That was the year I went to America.A. when B. where C. that D. which19. We came to the town, we stayed for 2 days.A. when B. where C. that D. which20. This is the reason I came here.A. when B. that C. why D. which二、用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1. There is nothing in the world _ can frighten him.2. She wears a gold ring, _ is very uncommon in our class.3. We visited a factory _ makes toys for children.4. Is this the place _ your father once lived?5. Ill never forget the days _ I joined the League.課后作業(yè)A組（that which)1) Do you have anything _ you dont understand?2) The only thing _ we can do is to give you some advice.3) Who is the man _ is standing there?4) Her bag, in _ she put all