考研英語(yǔ)透析-英語(yǔ)入學(xué)測(cè)試卷解析

英語(yǔ)入學(xué)測(cè)試卷解析 完形填空完形填空 in the light : 根據(jù)，按照 by virtue : 由于 with the exception : 除了 for the purpose: 為了目的 pay attention to: 注意 catch sight of: 發(fā)現(xiàn)，看到 lay emphasis on: 重視 cast light on: 闡明，使人了解 翻譯翻譯 長(zhǎng)難句四步法： 1. 確定主干 2. 切分句子成分 3. 各成分翻譯成句 4. 調(diào)整語(yǔ)序，斟酌語(yǔ)言 翻譯翻譯 如何確定主干： 1. 看標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào) 2. 找動(dòng)詞 3. 找that以及wh- 連詞 4. 確定句子的謂語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ) 翻譯翻譯 11. He believes that this very difficulty may have had the compensating advantage of forcing him to think long and intently about every sentence, and thus enabling him to detect errors in reasoning and in his own observations. 翻譯翻譯 他（達(dá)爾文）認(rèn)為，正是因?yàn)檫@個(gè)困難， 他不得不對(duì)自己要說(shuō)的每句話都經(jīng)過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí) 間的認(rèn)真思考，從而使自己能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)自己 在推理和觀察中的錯(cuò)誤，這樣一來(lái)，這種 困難反而成了他的優(yōu)勢(shì)。 翻譯翻譯 12. He asserted, also, that his power to follow a long and purely abstract train of thought was very limited, for which reason he felt certain that he never could have succeeded with mathematics. 翻譯翻譯 達(dá)爾文還堅(jiān)持認(rèn)為，自己進(jìn)行長(zhǎng)時(shí)間純抽象 思維的能力十分有限，出于這個(gè)原因，他 確信自己在數(shù)學(xué)方面根本不可能有所建樹(shù)。 翻譯翻譯 On the other hand, he did not accept as well founded the charge made by some of his critics that, while he was a good observer, he had no power of reasoning. 倒裝：he did not accept the charge as well founded. 翻譯翻譯 另一方面，有人批評(píng)他盡管善于 觀察，但卻不具備推理能力，而他認(rèn) 為這種說(shuō)法是毫無(wú)根據(jù)的。 翻譯翻譯 He adds humbly that perhaps he was “superior to the common run of men in noticing things which easily escape attention, and in observing them carefully.” 翻譯翻譯 他謙虛的補(bǔ)充道，或許自己“只 是比普通人更擅長(zhǎng)注意到那些容易被 忽視的事情，且善于對(duì)其進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的 觀察”罷了。 翻譯翻譯 Darwin was convinced that the loss of these tastes was not only a loss of happiness, but might possibly be injurious to the intellect, and more probably to the moral character. 翻譯翻譯 達(dá)爾文深信，沒(méi)有了這些愛(ài)好不 只是少了樂(lè)趣，而且還可能對(duì)一個(gè)人 的智力有害，甚至可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致其道德 品質(zhì)的淪喪。 閱讀理解閱讀理解 做題順序做題順序：1.先看題 2.看文做題交叉進(jìn)行(題目順 序和文章順序一致) 3.核對(duì)揣摩答案 閱讀理解閱讀理解 第一篇第一篇： 選自“Time”, 原題為 “Spies like us” (像我們一樣的間諜)。文章引 用Straitford公司為典型例子，探討互 聯(lián)網(wǎng)對(duì)間諜工作帶來(lái)的影響。 閱讀理解閱讀理解 第二篇第二篇： 選自“Science”, 原題為 “Animal rights: reaching the public” (動(dòng)物權(quán)利： 讓公眾真正了解)。作者在文中舉例說(shuō)明 許多動(dòng)物權(quán)益保護(hù)者并不了解生物醫(yī)學(xué)的 真實(shí)情況和意義，而一味的反對(duì)生物醫(yī)學(xué)， 使廣大群眾也受到了蒙蔽。針對(duì)此，作者 指出科學(xué)家應(yīng)采取措施與大眾多交流，避 免由于人們的無(wú)知而阻礙了生物醫(yī)學(xué)的發(fā) 展。 閱讀理解閱讀理解 Finally, because the ultimate stakeholders are patients, the health research community should actively recruit to its cause not only well-known personalities such as Stephen Cooper, who has made courageous statements about the value of animal research, but all who receive medical treatment. 主干：the health research community should recruit sb to its cause. 閱讀理解閱讀理解 第三篇第三篇： 這是一篇關(guān)于鐵路公司合并可 能引起壟斷的文章。作者在文中分別 對(duì)支持和反對(duì)方的觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行論述和總 結(jié)。 閱讀理解閱讀理解 Shippers who feel they are being overcharged have the right to appeal to the federal governments Surface Transportation Board for rate relief, but the process is expensive, time consuming, and will work only in truly extreme case. 閱讀理解閱讀理解 第四篇第四篇： 選自“Newsweek”, 原題為 “The best health care goes only so far” (最好 的醫(yī)療保健也只能到此為止)。這是探討 醫(yī)療上花費(fèi)大量財(cái)力去延緩自然死亡是否 值得的文章。作者先從死亡的不可避免性 入手，指出耗費(fèi)大量財(cái)力去延緩自然死亡 是不可取的，但同時(shí)作者亦指出歧視和放 棄對(duì)老人的照顧也是不對(duì)的。最后通過(guò)與 其它國(guó)家比較，得出一個(gè)解決方法：更多 的研究提高人們生活質(zhì)量的普通方法。 閱讀理解閱讀理解 Shielded by third-party payers from the cost of our care, we demand everything that can possibly be done for us, even if its useless. 小作文 n大綱要求：考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出約大綱要求：考生根據(jù)所給情景寫出約100詞詞 (標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)不計(jì)算在內(nèi))的應(yīng)用性短文，包括的應(yīng)用性短文，包括 私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等。私人和公務(wù)信函、備忘錄、報(bào)告等。 n應(yīng)用性短文：辭職信、求職信、應(yīng)用性短文：辭職信、求職信、建議信建議信、 咨詢信、申請(qǐng)信、咨詢信、申請(qǐng)信、推薦信推薦信 小作文 n書信格式書信格式是自2005年試題以來(lái)最主要的考察對(duì)象，書信的完整結(jié)構(gòu)：稱呼、正文、結(jié) 束語(yǔ)、署名等。（考研英語(yǔ)中書信類不要求寫日期） n稱呼：稱呼： Note: 稱呼后不用冒號(hào)，而用逗號(hào) 1. 寫給不認(rèn)識(shí)的團(tuán)體、組織或機(jī)構(gòu)的負(fù)責(zé)人 Dear Sir or Madam / To Whom It May Concern 2. 寫給認(rèn)識(shí)的團(tuán)體、組織或機(jī)構(gòu)的負(fù)責(zé)人 Dear Mr. Wang， Dear Mr. / Ms. President/ Professor/ Manager 3. 寫給不太熟悉的個(gè)人 （同2） 4. 寫給熟悉的個(gè)人 Dear Mary/ Dear John (直呼其名) n正文：正文： 條理清晰，簡(jiǎn)明準(zhǔn)確。 一般78句，35個(gè)關(guān)聯(lián)詞，35個(gè)從句，首位兩段套用一些固定的句型。 n結(jié)束語(yǔ)：結(jié)束語(yǔ)： 表示禮節(jié)的套語(yǔ)，寫在正文下面兩三行處的右側(cè) 第一個(gè)詞的開(kāi)頭字母大寫，末尾用逗號(hào)： Yours sincerely/ truly, n署名：署名： 一致為“Li Ming” 小作文 正文 第一段：直截了當(dāng)提出寫信背景和目的 第二段：具體的建議內(nèi)容（至少寫3點(diǎn)建議） 第三段：期待回復(fù)，表示感謝 小作文 Dear Sir or Madam， I, as your faithful reader, am writing this letter to suggest that plastic bags should be restricted in our daily life. However, to my surprise and sadness, I have found that disposable plastic bags are still widely used in some areas just because people are unwilling to change their old habits, thus causing their surroundings to be even worse. 小作文 To solve this serious problems, I would like to put forward a couple of practical suggestions. Above all, our country should establish a strong agency to limit the production of those bags and monitor the use of them. Furthermore, some other choices should be advocated to replace plastic bags with paper or bamboo ones. Finally, consumers should pay for the use of plastic bags so as to enhance their consciousness of environmental protection. I really hope my suggestions would attract your due attention and receive an early reply. Yours Sincerely, Li Ming 小作文 To solve this serious problems, I would like to put forward a couple of practical suggestions. Above all, our country should establish a strong agency to limit the production of those bags and monitor the use of them. Furthermore, some other choices should be advocated to replace plastic bags with paper or bamboo ones. Finally, consumers should pay for the use of plastic bags so as to enhance their consciousness of environmental protection. I really hope my suggestions would attract your due attention and receive an early reply. Yours Sincerely, Li Ming 大作文 英語(yǔ)一：圖畫作文 英語(yǔ)二：圖表作文 經(jīng)典三段落經(jīng)典三段落 第一段：描述圖畫情節(jié)（圖標(biāo)趨勢(shì)） 第二段：提出論點(diǎn)，分析現(xiàn)象原因/ 分析現(xiàn)象影響 第三段：提出對(duì)策建議 大作文 第一段：對(duì)蜘蛛網(wǎng)和上網(wǎng)的人群進(jìn)行客觀描 述?？缮约狱c(diǎn)評(píng)，指出人們通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)去溝 通卻又被蜘蛛網(wǎng)隔開(kāi)的現(xiàn)象。 第二段：提出論點(diǎn)：網(wǎng)絡(luò)有利有弊。分別闡 述。 第三段：適度上網(wǎng)，不能過(guò)度。 大作文 As is vividly depicted in the drawing, in front of computers and in narrow spaces are sitting many people, exchanging their views with each other by surfing the Internet. The painters intention seems to be highly self-evident and the meaning causes us to be thought-provoking. 大作文 The metaphoric and impressive portrayal has subtly revealed the duality of the relationship between man and Internet :the spider web undoubtedly serves as a symbol of Internet, both connecting people and isolating them from each other. On the one hand, the great impacts and benefits of Internet cant be too estimated. It is the Internet that makes our big world become a global village. On the other hand, as a growing number of individuals are addicted to the Internet, they are gradually indulged in the virtual world, unwilling to go into the real society. As a consequence, they become indifferent to their friends, neighbors, as well as relatives. 大作文 Therefore, it is necessary for us to use Internet in a reasonable way and restrain from addiction. After all, Internet is invented to connect you and me, and to bring conveniences to our life rather than set a barrier to keep people beyond reach. 第二部分：第二部分： 考研英語(yǔ)大綱解析考研英語(yǔ)大綱解析 考研英語(yǔ)大綱解析 n2017考研英語(yǔ)(一、二)綱要在2016年9月13日發(fā) 布 n一、詞匯 大綱中明確要求“考生應(yīng)能掌握5500左右的 詞匯以及相關(guān)詞組。除掌握詞匯的基本含義外， 考生還應(yīng)掌握詞匯之間的詞義關(guān)系，如同義詞、 近義詞、反義詞等；掌握詞匯之間的搭配關(guān)系， 如動(dòng)詞與介詞，形容詞與介詞，形容詞與名詞等； 掌握詞匯生成的基本知識(shí)，如詞源、詞根、詞綴 等?！?考研英語(yǔ)大綱解析 n二、完形填空 完形填空主要測(cè)試考生結(jié)合上下文的綜合理 解能力和語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力，即在閱讀理解的基礎(chǔ)上 對(duì)篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、語(yǔ)法和詞匯知識(shí)的運(yùn)用能力的考查， 這是對(duì)完形填空的定位。 考察重點(diǎn)：考察重點(diǎn)： 語(yǔ)法、固定搭配、近義詞辨析和邏輯關(guān)系 考研英語(yǔ)大綱解析 n二、閱讀理解 PART A 每次考試最穩(wěn)定的就是四選一的閱讀理解題。根據(jù)2017大綱，文章來(lái)源依舊是英語(yǔ) 國(guó)家原版報(bào)刊或書籍，絕大多數(shù)是評(píng)論性的文章（即除文學(xué)作品以外的其他類型的短 文）。 從語(yǔ)言難度來(lái)看，歷年的閱讀文章無(wú)論從詞匯方面還是從句子方面都是有一定難 度的，命題側(cè)重考查了推理判斷題以及細(xì)節(jié)事實(shí)題。2017年的閱讀難度依舊，文章讀 起來(lái)不會(huì)很容易，選項(xiàng)仍然會(huì)很“刁”。生詞依然存在，但其比例仍然維持在3%左右。 命題的風(fēng)格、誘惑手段和解題思路也會(huì)和往年一致。 備考重點(diǎn)：備考重點(diǎn)： 1.平時(shí)要多注重閱讀一些英美經(jīng)濟(jì)文化科技方面