英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析ppt課件.ppt

英語句子成分和英語句子結(jié)構(gòu)講解及練習(xí),1.主語（subject）：句子說明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（名詞）Helikesdancing.（代詞）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.(數(shù)詞)Seeingisbelieving.（動(dòng)名詞）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Whatheneedsisabook.（主語從句）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（It形式主語，主語從句是真正主語）,(一）指出下列句中主語的中心詞Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult.,謂語（predicate）：是對(duì)主語加以陳述，表示主語的行為或狀態(tài)，常用動(dòng)詞或者動(dòng)詞詞組擔(dān)任，放在主語的后面。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.(二).選出句中謂語的中心詞Idontlikethepictureonthewall.A.dontB.likeC.pictureD.wallThedaysgetlongerandlongerwhensummercomes.A.getB.longerC.daysD.summer,Doyouusuallygotoschoolbybus?A.DoB.usuallyC.goD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.A.willbeB.meetingC.thelibraryD.afternoon,3.賓語：1）動(dòng)賓表示行為的對(duì)象，常由名詞或者代詞擔(dān)任。放在及物動(dòng)詞或者介詞之后。如：IlikeChina.（名詞）Hehatesyou.（代詞）Howmanydoyouneed?Weneedtwo.（數(shù)詞）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（動(dòng)名詞）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（不定式）Didyouwritedownwhathesaid?（賓語從句）,2）介詞后的名詞、代詞和動(dòng)名詞-介賓Areyouafraidofthesnake?Underthesnow,therearemanyrocks.,3）雙賓語-間賓（指人）和直賓（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney,(四)劃出下列句中的賓語Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.Howmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclass?Someofthestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou?,劃出句中的直接賓語和間接賓語Pleasetellusastory.Myfatherboughtanewbikeformelastweek.Mr.Liisgoingtoteachushistorynextterm.Hereisapen.GiveittoTom.Didheleaveanymessageforme?,5.賓補(bǔ)：對(duì)賓語的補(bǔ)充，全稱為賓語補(bǔ)足語。Weelectedhimmonitor.（名詞）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere.（名詞）Wewillmakethemhappy.（形容詞）Wefoundnobodyin.(副詞),2019/12/15,11,可編輯,Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（介詞短語）Dontlethimdothat.（省to不定式）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（帶to不定式）Dontkeepthelightsburning.（現(xiàn)在分詞）Illhavemybikerepaired.（過去分詞）,(五)劃出下列句中的賓語補(bǔ)足語Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.TheycallmeLilysometimes.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow?,3.表語（predicative）：系動(dòng)詞之后的成分，表示主語的性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)和特征。Heisateacher.（名詞）Fiveandfiveisten.（數(shù)詞）Heisasleep.（形容詞）Hisfatherisin.（副詞）Thepictureisonthewall.(介詞短語)Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（形容詞化的分詞）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（表語從句）,（常見的系動(dòng)詞有:be,sound（聽起來）,look（看起來）,feel(摸起來)，smell（聞起來）,taste（嘗、吃起來）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感覺），become,turn,get,growItsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltired.,(三)挑出下列句中的表語Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJim?Theleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.,6.定語：修飾或限制名詞或代詞的詞、詞組或句子。Yanlingisachemistryteacher.（名詞）Heisourfriend.（代詞）Webelongtothethirdworld.（數(shù)詞）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（形容詞）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.(副詞)Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.(介詞)TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（現(xiàn)在分詞）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（過去分詞）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（不定式）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（定語從句）,(六)挑出下列句中的定語Whatisyourgivenname?OnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.ItalkedwithamendressedinblueT-shirt.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.,7.狀語：用來修飾v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、程度、條件、方式和讓步。（以下例句按上述順序排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwentbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.,(七)挑出下列句中的狀語Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderherarm,MissLihurriedoff.,8.同位語：對(duì)句子中某一成分作進(jìn)一步解釋、說明，與前面的名詞在語法上處于同等地