廣州版初一上冊(cè)英語(yǔ)Unit3名詞、there be句型.docVIP

廣州版初一上冊(cè)Uint3同步輔導(dǎo)教學(xué)目標(biāo):1、 鞏固Unit 3重要單詞、?？级陶Z(yǔ)和句型的用法。2、 掌握可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞的用法和there be句型與have的區(qū)別。教學(xué)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn):1、掌握Unit 3常用單詞、短語(yǔ)和句型的用法。2、熟練掌握可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞、there be句型的用法。教學(xué)步驟：【課堂演練】一、鞏固Unit 3單詞和短語(yǔ)的用法：（一）朗讀Unit 3新單詞，糾正學(xué)生的發(fā)音，并講解其用法。（二）根據(jù)首字母提示填空：1. The T-shirt is too l_. I want a smaller one.2. The earth is in danger. We should do our best to p_ it.3. We use the light and heat from the Sun for e_.4. You run too fast. I cant c_ up with you.5. - Can you repair it? - No p_. 6. It is very i_ for us to learn English well.7. Animals are our friends. We m_ protect them.8. The g_ near the river is soft.（三）完成句子：1. 河流能為我們提供干凈的水。 The river can _ us _ water.2. 我們不應(yīng)該把垃圾倒進(jìn)河流里。 We shouldnt _ waste _ rivers.3. 每天人們都扔掉大量的垃圾。 People _ _ a lot of rubbish every day.4. 每天人們捕捉大量的魚(yú)，以至于海里的魚(yú)越來(lái)越少了。People catch so many fish every day that there are _ and _ fish in the sea.5. 新鮮的空氣讓我們能夠健康地活著。 Fresh air _ us _ very well.6. 許多動(dòng)物也生活在陸地上。 Most animals live _ _ _.7. 對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，完成這項(xiàng)工作很困難。Its _ for us_ _ the work. 8. 當(dāng)老師走進(jìn)教室時(shí)，我們停止了討論。When our teacher came in to the classroom, we _ _. 二、課本內(nèi)容講解。三、Unit 3知識(shí)點(diǎn)梳理：1、【詞義辨析】on earth與on the earth：若表示“在地球上”，on earth和on the earth都可以；若表示“究竟”，只能用on earth。Why on earth didnt you tell me the truth? 你到底為什么不跟我說(shuō)實(shí)話？ Who on earth told you that? There are millions of living things on the earth.2、on the land在陸地上 3、under the water在水下4、provide sb. with sth. = provide sth. for sb. 為某人提供某物The farmers provide us with grain and vegetables. = The farmers provide grain and vegetables for us.5、put into 把倒入；throw into 把扔到6、【詞義辨析】stop doing something“停止做某事”，指停止正在做的事情；stop to do sth.“停下來(lái)做某事”，指停下手中的事情去做另外一件事。He stops to make a call. 他停下手中的活去打電話 He stops making a call. 他掛掉了電話。7、throw away扔掉；put away把收起來(lái) 8、lift up將抬起，舉起9、keep alive讓活著；keep doing sth.讓一直做，堅(jiān)持做keep是“保持”的意思，后接形容詞，表示“使某人或某物保持某種狀態(tài)”，接動(dòng)名詞，表示“讓某人一直做某事”。 We tried to keep him alive but to no avail. He kept me waiting for half an hour.10、take a photo of = take photos of給拍照11、fewer and fewer越來(lái)越少 【注意】few與little的用法【詞義辨析】（1）“比較級(jí) and 比較級(jí)”表示“越來(lái)越”。She looks more and more beautiful. 她看起來(lái)越來(lái)越漂亮。In summer the days get longer and longer. 夏天白天越來(lái)越長(zhǎng)。（2）“the + 比較級(jí)，the + 比較級(jí)”表示“越，越”，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)比較狀語(yǔ)從句，后一個(gè)“the + 比較級(jí)”為主句。The more I read the book, the more I liked it. 這本書(shū)我越看越喜歡。The harder you work, the more progress you will get. 你越努力，身體越強(qiáng)壯。12、ask sb. to do sth.“讓某人做某事”，否定形式為：ask sb. not to do sth.；ask for索取，要求You can ask police to help you. We can ask people not to eat shark fin soup.13、It is + adj. +for sb. to do sth.與It is + adj. + of sb. to do sth. 的區(qū)別：（1）若形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質(zhì)的，如kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever，careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb.。Its very kind of you to help me. 你能幫我，真好。Its clever of you to work out the maths problem. 你真聰明，解出了這道數(shù)學(xué)題。（2）若形容詞僅僅是描述事物，不是對(duì)不定式行為者的品格進(jìn)行評(píng)價(jià)，用for sb.，這類形容詞有difficult，easy，hard，important，dangerous，（im）possible等。Its very dangerous for children to cross the busy street.Its difficult for us to finish the work. 對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)，完成這項(xiàng)工作很困難。四、可數(shù)名詞與不可數(shù)名詞用法講解：（一）可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)變復(fù)數(shù)：1、規(guī)則變化：情況構(gòu)成方法例詞讀音一般情況下在詞尾加-sbookbooks, map-maps-s在清輔音后發(fā)/s/音treetrees, bag-bags在元音和濁輔音后發(fā)/z/以s, x, ch, sh結(jié)尾在詞尾加-esglass-glasses, box-boxes-es發(fā)/ i:z /音以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾改y為i加-escity-cities, baby-babies-ies發(fā)/ iz /音以元音字母加y結(jié)尾詞尾加-estoy-toys, key-keys-s發(fā)/z/音以f或fe結(jié)尾改f或fe為v加-eswife-wives, knife-knives-ves發(fā)/vz/音輔音字母結(jié)尾加o結(jié)尾表示有生命的詞尾加-espotato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes, hero-heroes-es發(fā)/z/音表示無(wú)生命的詞尾加-spiano-pianos, photo-photos-s發(fā)/z/音元音字母加o結(jié)尾詞尾加-sradio-radios, zoo-zoos-s發(fā)/z/音2、不規(guī)則變化：構(gòu)成例詞單復(fù)數(shù)同形sheepsheep, deerdeer, fishfish JapaneseJapanese, ChineseChinese元音發(fā)生變化man-men, womanwomen, toothteeth foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice詞尾加-en或-renchild-children, ox-oxen牛復(fù)合名詞單復(fù)數(shù)變化主要詞改為復(fù)數(shù)boy student-boy students男學(xué)生，apple treeapple trees含man或woman的復(fù)合名詞，前后兩詞都要改為復(fù)數(shù)形式a woman teacher - two women teachers兩名女教師a man doctor - three men doctors三名男醫(yī)生含有man，但不是合成詞的，在詞尾加sGerman-Germans，Russian-Russians，American-Americans，IndianIndians，Canadian-Canadians只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞clothes, trousers, shorts, jeans, pants褲子, glasses, chopsticks, （二）不可數(shù)名詞：1、不可數(shù)名詞是不能直接用數(shù)量來(lái)計(jì)數(shù)的詞，不能直接用冠詞a / an來(lái)修飾，沒(méi)有單復(fù)數(shù)形式，常見(jiàn)的不可數(shù)名詞有：milk, water, coco, juice, beer, coffee, chocolate, rice, salt, sugar, air, rain, snow, fog, blood, bread, meat, beef, chicken（指“雞肉”時(shí)為不可數(shù)，指“活雞”時(shí)為可數(shù)）, fish（用法同chicken）, information, news, advice, fun等。2、要表示不可數(shù)名詞的數(shù)量，可用以下兩種方法。（1）用much, a little, a lot of / lots of, some, any等修飾不可數(shù)名詞。如：The rich man has a lot of money.（2）可借助“數(shù)詞 + 量詞 + of + 不可數(shù)名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)修飾不可數(shù)名詞，但of后的不可數(shù)名詞只能用原形，如：a piece of paper two pieces of paper a bottle of orange a glass of milk three bags of rice four pairs of shoes two cups of tea五、there be句型與have、has的用法：1、兩者都表示“有”，但是（1）there be 表示在某地有某物（或人）；have(has) 表示某人擁有某物。（2）there be結(jié)構(gòu)一般用在句子的開(kāi)頭，而have等詞只能用于某一個(gè)主語(yǔ)后面。2、在there be 句型中，主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞，be 動(dòng)詞用is；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)，be 動(dòng)詞用are；如有幾件物品，be 動(dòng)詞根據(jù)最近be動(dòng)詞的那個(gè)名詞決定（“就近原則”）。3、there be句型的否定句在be 動(dòng)詞后加not，一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。 4、some 和any 在there be 句型中的運(yùn)用：some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。 5、and 和or 在there be句型中的運(yùn)用：and 用于肯定句，or 用于否定句或疑問(wèn)句。6、針對(duì)數(shù)量提問(wèn)的特殊疑問(wèn)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：How many + 名詞復(fù)數(shù) + are there + 介詞短語(yǔ)? How much + 不可數(shù)名詞 + is there + 介詞短語(yǔ)?【同步練習(xí)】（一）用所給單詞的正確形式填空：1. How many _(sheep) are there on the hill?2. There is some _(food) in the basket.3. The baby has only two _(tooth) now.4. There is a lot of _(water) in the bottle.5. There are five _(people ) in his family.6. Lets take _(photo), OK?7. I have lots of _(tomato) here.8. The _(leaf) on the tree turn yellow.9. Their _(dictionary) look new.11. Would you like some _(tomato)?（二）單項(xiàng)選擇：1. She needs _.A. a glass water B. two glasses of water C. two glasses of waters2. There are five _ in our school.A. woman teacher B woman teachers C. women teachers3. There are many _ in the fridge.A. food B. bread C. vegetables4. _ turn yellow in autumn.A. Leaf B. Leaves C. Leave D. Leafs5. I have _ for breakfast every morning.A. two pieces of bread B. two breads C. two bread D. two pieces of breads6. _ tomatoes are there in your basket?A. How much B. How many C. How about D. How7. - What animals can you find on the farm? - I can find some _, many _ and cows.A. gooses, sheeps B. geese, sheeps C. goose, sheep D. geese, sheep8. There _ two books and a pen on the desk.A. has B. have C. is D. are9. There is _ article about the earth.A. a B. an C. some D. many10. _ many people at the bench in summer?A. Is there B. Have C. Are there D. There are11. After doing so much work, we were tired, so we stopped _ a rest.A. to having B. having C. to have D. have12. The farmers _ us _ grain and vegetables.A. provide, for B. provide, with C. lift, up D. lift, with13. Please keep _.A. quiet B. quite C. talking D. to talk14. _ any food in the fridge? A. Are there B. Is there C. Have D. Has15. There _ a class meeting tomorrow?A. is B. is going to have C. is going to be D. is to have16. There _ a football game in our school.A. has B. will have C. have D. will be（三）用“have, has”或“there is , there are”填空：1. I _ a good father and a good mother. 2. _ a telescope on the desk. 3. He _ a tape-recorder. 4. _ any books in the bookcase?5. She _ some dresses. 6. How many students _ in the classroom?7. What do you _? 8. _ a reading-room in the building? 9. _ some maps on the wall.10. _ any flowers in the vase?11. Davids friends _ some tents.12. My parents _ some nice pictures.（四）用動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空：1. I _ to school from Monday to Friday. My brother often _ to school with me. Yesterday we _ to school together. We like _ to school very much. (go)2. They usually _ lunch at home. But last week, they _ lunch at school. (have)3. That _ my English book. It _ new. But now it _ not here. It _ there a moment ago.(be)4. My sister likes _ very much. She often _ at our school festival. Last term, she _ a lot of songs in the school hall. She _ beautifully. (sing)5. - What _ he usually _ on Sunday?- He usually _ his homework. Look! He _ his homework now.-_ he _ his homework last Sunday?- Yes, he _.(do)（五）完形填空：Hainan is a scenic _1_ in south of China. It is famous _2_ the blue sea and the beaut