高中英語(yǔ)《Unit3Tomorrow’sWorldGrammarandusage》課件牛津譯林版必修.ppt

Unit3 Unit3Tomorrow sworld Thepassivevoice Modalverbsandthepassivevoice Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice Grammarandusage 句子的主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)在意義上區(qū)別很小 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作發(fā)出者 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 句子的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的接受者或受影響者 Thepassivevoice Thelovelyrobotsattractsthevisitors Thevisitorsareattractedbythelovelyrobots S V O O V S TheGreatWallwasvisitedbymanypeoplelastyear S V O O V S ManypeoplevisitedtheGreatWalllastyear 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的基本形式是be 過(guò)去分詞 通過(guò)改變be的時(shí)態(tài) 可以構(gòu)成不同時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) e g Foodiskeptinthefridge Theglasswasbrokenbytheboy Thepassivevoiceindifferenttenses do does are isdone am is aredoing has havedone am is arebeingdone have hasbeendone begoingto willdo did was weredoing haddone begoingto willbedone was weredone was werebeingdone hadbeendone 在用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)還要注意以下幾點(diǎn) 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 動(dòng)作發(fā)出者往往置于by之后 但在不必指出動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是誰(shuí) 動(dòng)作發(fā)出者并不重要或很難指出動(dòng)作發(fā)出者是誰(shuí)時(shí) 一般不提及動(dòng)作發(fā)出者 e g Boththeheadsetsandtheglovesareconnectedtoacomputernetwork 在give lend offer send tell和show等動(dòng)詞后 可帶有兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ) 分別指人和指事物 當(dāng)帶有這些動(dòng)詞作謂語(yǔ)的句子變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí) 通常用指人的賓語(yǔ)作句子的主語(yǔ) 有時(shí)也可用指事物的賓語(yǔ)作句子的主語(yǔ) e g OurteacheroftentellsussomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish WeareoftentoldsomeinterestingstoriesinEnglish SomeinterestingstoriesareoftentoldtousinEnglish 在主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 有些動(dòng)詞后常接賓語(yǔ)和不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 則使用帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式 e g Ioftenhearthegirlplaythepianointheafternoon Thegirlisoftenheardtoplaythepianointheafternoon 在被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中 有時(shí)get可用來(lái)代替be 如getchanged getdressed和gethurt等 e g Mybikegotstolenlastnight You dbettergetchangedquickly asthepartywillbeginsoon Theeggsseemtohavegotbroken 有些動(dòng)詞可用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式來(lái)表示被動(dòng)意義 e g Thissweaterwasheswell Thepenwritessmoothly ThekindofcomputersellswellinChina 表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) e g Ilikepopsongsandoftenlistentothem Hehasabighouseneartheriver Youcandependonhertodealwiththesituation 一些特殊的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)句型 It 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式 that引導(dǎo)的從句e g Itissaidthathewillrecoversoon Itisbelievedthatthethreemissingsailorshavedrowned 主語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式 動(dòng)詞不定式e g TheSunwasoncethoughttotravelaroundtheEarth 常用于這類句型的動(dòng)詞有say believe report suppose know和prove等 Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 arebeing theElectricWearCompany beendeveloped wasinvented areused beencompleted willbeproduced willbe beenannounced arecleaned canbecleaned ReadtheinformationonPage49andcompletethereportontheevent 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式可用于談?wù)撃芰?可能性 職責(zé)和允諾等 e g FirefighterscouldbetrainedusingRealCine Modalverbsandthepassivevoice 2 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后加be和過(guò)去分詞 e g Computercanworkoutthepositionoftheuseratanytime e g Thepositionoftheusercanbeworkedoutatanytime 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 be 過(guò)去分詞 ReadthetableonPage50andnotetheuseofthesemodalverbsintheactiveandpassivevoices ReadthefirstreportonPage50andcompletethesecond Answers 1 2 3 4 5 canbereduced mustbetaken mustbeworn maybecome oughttobereduced Someverbsareoftenusedinthepassivevoiceandfunctionlikeadjectives e g Thechildrenaregettingexcitedaboutthecomingholiday Don tyougettiredofarguingaboutthesamethingallthetime Verbsoftenusedinthepassivevoice LookatthetimelineshowingthehistoryofNapsterandcompletethearticleonPage51 Answers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 boredwith interestedin wasfounded wereemployed wassurprisedat wasaccusedof wascloseddown waspurchased 1 Itremains whetherJim llbefitenoughtoplayinthefinals A seenB tobeseenC seeingD tosee 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)練習(xí) 2 Yourjob openforyourreturn Thanks A willbekeptB willkeepC hadkeptD hadbeenkept 3 Idon tsupposethepoliceknowwhodidit Well surprisinglytheydo Amanhasbeenarrestedand now A hasbeenquestionedB isbeingquestionedC isquestioningD hasquestioned 4 Tomsoundsverymuch inthejob butI mnotsurewhetherhecanmanageit A interestedB interestingC interestinglyD interestedly5 Theflowers sweetinthebotanicgardenattractthevisitorstothebeautyofnature A tosmellB smellingC smeltD tobesmelt 6 ProfessorJameswillgiveusalectureontheWesternculture butw