英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)作文模板.doc

寫作模板提綱式作文 1 對(duì)立觀點(diǎn)式 A有人認(rèn)為X 是好事，贊成X， 為什么？ B 有人認(rèn)為X 是壞事， 反對(duì)X，為什么？ C我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一個(gè)原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一個(gè)原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反對(duì)X 的第一個(gè)理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: 一個(gè)例子。 There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一個(gè)壞處。 2 批駁觀點(diǎn)式 A一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。 B 我不同意。 Many people argue that 錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)。By saying that, they mean 對(duì)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。An example they have presented is that 一個(gè)例子。（According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 贊成這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個(gè)錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)的影響）。 There might be some element of truth in these peoples belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 與錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀點(diǎn)。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。 3 社會(huì)問(wèn)題（現(xiàn)象）式 A一個(gè)社會(huì)問(wèn)題或者現(xiàn)象。 B 產(chǎn)生的原因 C對(duì)社會(huì)和我們生活的影響 D 如何杜絕。（如果是問(wèn)題的話） E 前景的預(yù)測(cè)。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 調(diào)查內(nèi)容說(shuō)明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。（或者是一個(gè)例子）。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. 下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated（表達(dá)） in the following aspects. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 參照辯論式議論文的寫法。 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will . 寫作模板圖表式作文 It is obvious in the graph/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of （接近）X1, Y reaches its peak value of (多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are (多少) reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, (第一個(gè)原因). More importantly, (第二個(gè)原因). Most important of all, (第三個(gè)原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graph/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括號(hào)里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢(shì)). 寫作模板辯論式議論文 模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think) that 觀點(diǎn)1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 觀點(diǎn)2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 論據(jù)1. More importantly, 論據(jù)2. Most important of all, 論據(jù)3. In summary, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 觀點(diǎn)1, while others point out that 觀點(diǎn)2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 論據(jù)1. For another, 論據(jù)2. Last but not the least, 論據(jù)3. To conclude, 總結(jié)觀點(diǎn). As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè). 模版3 There is no consensus knsenss 一致of opinions among people about X（爭(zhēng)論的焦點(diǎn)）。Some people are of the view that 觀點(diǎn)1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 觀點(diǎn)2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion（觀念） is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 論據(jù)1。 Furthermore, 論據(jù)2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 論據(jù)3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表決心. 或 From above, we can predict that 預(yù)測(cè) 常用句型：1 表示原因 1）There are three reasons for this 2）The reasons for this are as follows 3）The reason for this is obvious 4）The reason for this is not far to seek 5）The reason for this is that 6）We have good reason to believe that 例： There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our lifeFirstly，peoples living standard has been greatly improvedSecondly，most people are well paid， and they can afford what they need or likeLast but not least，more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life 注：如考生寫第一個(gè)句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個(gè)句子。如：Great changes have taken place in our life There are three reasons for this這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。 2表示好處 1）It has the following advantages 2）It does us a lot of good 3）It benefits us quite a lot 4）It is beneficial to us 5）It is of great benefit to us 例： Books are like friendsThey can help us know the world better，and they can open our minds and widen our horizonsTherefore，reading extensively is of great benefit to us 3表示壞處 1）It has more disadvantages than advantages 2）It does us much harm 3）It is harmful to us 例： However，everything divides into twoTelevision can also be harmful to usIt can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching televi- sion 4表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能 1）It is important（necessary，difficult，convenient， possible）for sbto do sth 2）We think it necessary to do sth 3）It plays an important role in our life 例： Computers are now being used everywhere，whether in the government，in schools or in businessSoon， computers will be found in every home，tooWe have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age 5表示措施 1）We should take some effective measures 2）We should try our best to overcome（conquer）the difficulties 3）We should do our utmost in doing sth 4）We should solve the problems that we are confronted（faced）with 例： The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more seriousTherefore，we must take some effective measures to solve it 6表示變化 1）Some changes have taken place in the past five years 2）A great change will certainly be produced in the worlds communications 3）The computer has brought about（導(dǎo)致） many changes in education 例： Some changes have taken place in peoples diet in the past five yearsThe major reasons for these changes are not far to seekNowadays，more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein，and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins 7表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀 1）We cannot ignore the fact that 2）No one can deny the fact that 3）There is no denying the fact that 4）This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in 5）However，thats not the case 例： We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollutionTo solve these problems， we can start by educating the public about the hazards（危害） of pollutionThe government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment 8表示比較 1）Compared with A，B 2）I prefer to read rather than watch TV 3）There is a striking contrast between them 例： Compared with cars，bicycles have several advantages besides being affordableFirstly，they do not consume natural resources of petrol（石油）Secondly，they do not cause the pollution problemLast but not least，they contribute to peoples health by giving them due physical exercise 9表示數(shù)量 1）It has increased（decreased）fromto 2）The population in this city has now increased （decreased）to 800，000 3）The output of July in this factory increased by 15 compared with that of January 例： With the improvement of the living standard，the proportion（比例） of peoples income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased 再如： From the graph listed above，itcan be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000 10表示看法 1）People have（take，adopt，assume）different attitudes towards sth 2）People have different opinions on this problem 3）People take different views of（on）the question 4）Some people believe thatOthers argue that 例： People have different attitudes towards failureSome believe that failure leads to success Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavorHowever， others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category（種類） of losers 再如： Do lucky numbers really bring good luck？Different people have different views on it 注：一個(gè)段落有時(shí)很適宜以問(wèn)句開始，考生應(yīng)掌握這一寫作方法。 11表示結(jié)論 1）In short，it can be said that 2）It may be briefly summed up as follows 3）From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that 例： From what has been mentioned above，we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary，however， its method should be improved 注：例句1可用于任何一個(gè)段落的結(jié)論句；例句3則多用文章結(jié)論段的第一句。 12套語(yǔ) 1）Its well known to us that 2）As is known to us， 3）This is a topic that is being widely talked about 4）From the graph（table，chart）listed above，it can be seen that 5）As a proverb（諺語(yǔ)） says，“Where there is a will，there is a way例如： As is well known to us，it is important for the students to know the world outside campus The reason for this is obviousNowadays，the society is changing and developing rapidly，and the campus is no longer an“ivory towerAs college students，we must get in touch with the world outside the campusOnly in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate 再如： Does it pay to be honest？This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it看到這里了。大學(xué)英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)寫作：語(yǔ)言組織技巧一、文字通順連貫英語(yǔ)中的過(guò)渡句和連接詞是文章通順連貫的重要標(biāo)志，根據(jù)語(yǔ)法中的平行和從屬結(jié)構(gòu)原則，一個(gè)復(fù)合句中必須要有一個(gè)連接詞，否則句子是不符合語(yǔ)法規(guī)則的。如：All flights had been cancelled, the passengers had to go there by train. 本句的兩部分都有完整的主謂，但并沒有連接詞加以連接，故是錯(cuò)誤的，應(yīng)改為：Because all flights had been cancelled, the passengers had to go there by train.或All flights had been cancelled, so the passengers had to go there by train.或用分詞形式All flights having been cancelled, the passengers had to go there by train.由以上例子可以看出，復(fù)合句內(nèi)部必須要有連接詞，有時(shí)句子之間也需要連接詞，而連接詞體現(xiàn)的是句子內(nèi)部和句子之間嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)倪壿嫼驼撟C推理關(guān)系，是英文語(yǔ)言最大的價(jià)值之一。當(dāng)然段與段之間還需要過(guò)渡句或過(guò)渡詞組來(lái)加以聯(lián)系，以達(dá)到通順之效果。以下是我們對(duì)寫作中英文邏輯關(guān)系以及引導(dǎo)各種邏輯關(guān)系連接詞和詞組的歸納：總結(jié)關(guān)系過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)generally speaking, generally, as a general rule, in general, on a larger scale, to take the idea further, to take the above opinion to an extreme, in a sense, in one sense, in a way, to some extent, in my opinion, in my view, as for me, as far as I am concerned, obviously, undoubtedly, in terms of, in conclusion, in short, in brief, in summary, in a word, on the whole, to sum up, to conclude 比較對(duì)比關(guān)系過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)similarly, likewise, like, too, equally important, the same as, in common, in the same way, on the contrary, on the one hand, on the other hand, otherwise, in sharp contrast, whereas, rather than, conversely, instead, in/by contrast, but, however, yet, nevertheless 列舉關(guān)系過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)for example, for instance, as an example, as a case in point, such as, namely, that is, like, thus, first, second, third, finally, in the first place, initially, first of all, to begin with, to start with, what is more, furthermore, eventually, besides, in addition （to that）, first and foremost, last but not least, next, also, moreover, for one thing, for another 因果關(guān)系過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)because （of）, as, since, for, owing to, due to, thanks to, on account of, as a result of, result in （from）, consequently, for the reason that, as a consequence, consequently, if follows that, accordingly, therefore, hence 讓步關(guān)系過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)although, even though, after all, in spite of, despite, granted that 強(qiáng)調(diào)關(guān)系過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)anyway, certainly, surely, obviously, to be sure, especially, particularly, above all, in deed, in fact, even worse, needless to say, most important of all, no doubt遞進(jìn)關(guān)系in addition, furthermore, also, moreover, besides, again, and, likewise, whats more時(shí)間順序afterwards, at last, at length, immediately, in the meantime, lately, meanwhile, presently, shortly, since, soon, temporarily, thereafter, while方位序列in front of, beside, beyond, above, below, inside, outside, on the left, on the right方式手段as, as if, as though, the way，by目的關(guān)系that, so that, lest, in case, for fear that, in order that二、書寫工整，避免嚴(yán)重語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤。寫作中常見錯(cuò)誤歸納語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤時(shí)態(tài)錯(cuò)誤在描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情時(shí)要用過(guò)去時(shí)，如果是一般事實(shí)應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。這些語(yǔ)法規(guī)則是大家耳熟能詳?shù)?，但落到筆下就容易忘記。 一致性，尤其是主謂搭配有些同學(xué)寫下了主語(yǔ)，但是寫謂語(yǔ)的時(shí)候就把主語(yǔ)扔到一邊去了。比如寫了 “The people”，后面的系動(dòng)詞卻成了 “is”。集合名詞（army, audience, cabinet, class, company, committee, crew, crowd, family, government, group, party, population, public, staff, team等）作主語(yǔ)，如果指整體，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果指具體成員，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。表示時(shí)間，距離，價(jià)格等的復(fù)數(shù)名詞或短語(yǔ)，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)；如果強(qiáng)調(diào)具體數(shù)量，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。單數(shù)名詞如果跟著along with, as well as, besides, but, combined with, except, in addition to, rather than等時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。但用eitheror, neithernor, not onlybut also, or等連接的名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞需要與最近的那個(gè)主語(yǔ)保持一致。代詞指代的一致如下面這個(gè)句子：Were going to meet a lot of difficulties, but I believe well overcome it. 句子不完整有的同學(xué)寫了上半句，就忘了下半句。所以寫完一個(gè)句子以后要仔細(xì)再讀一遍，如果覺得不對(duì)，需要回頭補(bǔ)全句子。如People who know the harmfulness of smoking if they are careful. 人稱轉(zhuǎn)換錯(cuò)誤這個(gè)毛病是絕大部分同學(xué)都容易犯的。我們?cè)趯懽鲿r(shí)，一篇文章里面不能出現(xiàn)太多的人稱。另外在我們的文章中最保險(xiǎn)的人稱代詞是 “we”，因?yàn)?“we”可以指“你，我，她/他”任何人。而且如果用 “we”，那么最好通篇文章都用，即使要有所變化，也最多再用一個(gè) “I”或 “they”就行了。 比較級(jí)使用錯(cuò)誤不少同學(xué)使用形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)時(shí)出現(xiàn)錯(cuò)誤，主要是因?yàn)橹袑W(xué)的基礎(chǔ)不是很牢固。如經(jīng)常會(huì)看到這樣的用法：more better thanThere are many advantages thanI have as much twice apples than you do 冠詞用法錯(cuò)誤如：a easy job, City of the Beijing, He is a brightest student in his class. 介詞用法錯(cuò)誤介詞一般都比較簡(jiǎn)單，但往往是簡(jiǎn)單的詞用法最多，所以也最難掌握。這些詞的用法非常靈活，需要多讀，多寫才能正確掌握。如下面的句子：This machine is superior than （to） the old one. The stamps I have are identical for his. In（On） condition that 大小寫錯(cuò)誤一般來(lái)說(shuō)，每一句的首字母應(yīng)該大寫，人名地名的首字母和專有名詞的首字母大寫。但有些同學(xué)容易忘記。如：it is well-known that smoking is harmful to peoples health.I went to beijing yesterday. How To Deal With The Problem Of Smoking is a huge task. 拼寫錯(cuò)誤這方面的錯(cuò)誤相當(dāng)普遍，而且較難根除。因?yàn)榇蠹冶硢卧~的時(shí)候有時(shí)背得并不牢。尤其是大家經(jīng)常做客觀題，只要知道應(yīng)該選哪一個(gè)答案就可以了，并沒有仔細(xì)背住單詞的拼寫。要解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，大家需要背單詞時(shí)不僅能“識(shí)別”，而且能“使用”，需要多背多寫。下面是一些經(jīng)常容易搞混淆或拼錯(cuò)的單詞：三、詞語(yǔ)的使用選 詞多用近義詞 make manufacturebuy purchasefinish accomplish end terminate use utilize love affection agree accord discussion controversy tell inform enough sufficient speed velocity car vehicle open unclose choice alternative She is not a friend but a nodding acquaintance. 區(qū)分具體與抽象的詞詞從語(yǔ)義上可分為具體與抽象兩種類別，例如：抽象具體good kind, honest, generous, warm-hearted, selfless, friendlylaugh smile, chuckle, sniggerscientist physicist, biologist, chemist fish shark, salmon, perch, eel tree shrub, bush, pollard, oak, plane, pine, willow 抽象詞意范圍大，概括力強(qiáng)，但給人以空洞的感覺，適合于文章的開頭和結(jié)尾等總結(jié)性部分。具體詞意義有針對(duì)性、個(gè)性和精確性，給人以確切的概念，適合用于段落中細(xì)節(jié)的刻畫，論點(diǎn)的闡述以及事物的描寫。如果用抽象的詞來(lái)表達(dá)具體的事物，便會(huì)給人籠統(tǒng)的感覺：a. 抽象: The man is good.具體: The man is selfless.b. 抽象: There are three men in the room.具體: There are three little boys in the room.善于使用代詞A scientist draws conclusions by studying the facts he collects.Such symbols as are used to represent chemical elements should be firmly kept in mind.四、句式變換在了解組織句子的四個(gè)特點(diǎn)之后，我們重點(diǎn)看一下句子組織形式的多樣化，即在120150詞內(nèi)，盡量使用不同的句子形式，常用的句型如下：主語(yǔ)和主語(yǔ)從句名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞、不定式以及名詞性從句都可以作主語(yǔ)。后三種，學(xué)生在寫作時(shí)用起來(lái)不是很熟練，但卻很有價(jià)值，可以在很大程度上提高語(yǔ)言質(zhì)量。下面我們看幾組例句：動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)Listening to some light music will help you calm down.Talking to a person like him is just like talking to a deaf.不定式作主語(yǔ)To see is to believe.To help others is to help yourself in a sense. To see things as they are, to go right to the right point, to disentangle a skein of thought, to detect what is sophistical, and to discard what is irrelevant is after all, what a university training should be aiming at.主語(yǔ)從句主語(yǔ)從句一般由what, who, which, why, how, when, which, whetheror等引導(dǎo)，這些名詞性從句作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，我們稱之為主語(yǔ)從句。Why he would reject such a good offer remained unknown all these years.Whether we can succeed or not depends upon our efforts.What you have done for us will be in our memory for ever.當(dāng)句子的實(shí)際主語(yǔ)太長(zhǎng)時(shí)，英語(yǔ)習(xí)慣用先行代詞it作形式主語(yǔ)，然后再引出真正的主語(yǔ)It is common knowledge that honesty is the best policy.And with our current methods, it is hard to estimate the loss in environmental terms as many negative results may take decades to emerge.其他常用先行代詞it作形式主語(yǔ)的句型還有：It is self-evident that 很明顯的是It goes without saying that 不用說(shuō)It is asserted that 有人主張 It is believed that 據(jù)信 It is generally considered that 人們普遍認(rèn)為 It is hoped that 人們希望 It is reported that 據(jù)報(bào)道 It is said that 據(jù)說(shuō) It is supposed that 據(jù)推測(cè) It is well-known that 眾所周知 It must be admitted that 必須承認(rèn) It cannot be denied that 不可否認(rèn) It must be pointed out that 需指出的是 It was told that 據(jù)傳 It will be said that 有人會(huì)說(shuō) It follows that 由此可見 It is inappropriate that 是不合適的 賓語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句是置于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之后的名詞性從句。大家來(lái)看下面幾個(gè)例子：1、They believe that the central governments decision to develop the western part of the country and the success of Beijings bid to host the 2008 Olympics will open up further opportunities for a boom in the regional aviation market. 2、We cannot understand why they are so cruel to their beloved parents.3、Experience from foreign countries suggests that no aircraft manufacturers can survive depending only on their domestic market.寫作中常用的跟賓語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞以主語(yǔ)是We舉例如下：We assume that 我們?cè)O(shè)想、假設(shè)We suggest that 我們認(rèn)為、建議We hold/maintain/ that 我們認(rèn)為 We stress that 我們強(qiáng)調(diào) We admit that 我們承認(rèn) We deny that 我們否認(rèn) We hope that 我們希望