2011年職稱英語教材閱讀理解新增文章英文+中文+可替換題目.doc

第三部分 2011年職稱英語教材閱讀理解新增文章英文+中文+可替換題目 2011年閱讀理解新增文章_綜合類第八篇 The State of Marriage Today（C級(jí)）Is there something seriously wrong with marriage today? During the past 50 years the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse. If this trend continues, it will lead to the breakup of the family, according to a spokesperson for the National Family Association. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will many at least four times, and extramarital affairs will be even more common than they are now.But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. The institution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need. Women used to be economically dependent on their husbands as they usually didnt have jobs outside the home. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so they dont feel that the5 need to stay in a failing marriage.In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic as it seems, While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. In addition to this. many couples now cohabit and dont bother to marry. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. In fact, more than 50% of firs marriages survive. The statistics are deceptive because there is a higher number of divorces in second and third marriages than in first marriages.So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isnt. And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people: they suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!練習(xí)：1. Which is true about the problem of marriage in the United States today? 美國當(dāng)代的婚姻存在的問題是_。A) Divorce leads to the breakup of the family.離婚導(dǎo)致家庭的破碎。B) Half of the married couples get divorced. 一半的已婚夫妻最終離婚了。C) American people marry more than four times.美國人一生至少結(jié)四次婚。D) More and more people are getting divorced. 越來越多的人離婚。（正確答案）2. What does this is no longer the case in paragraph two mean? 現(xiàn)在情況已經(jīng)變了，這句話的意思是_。A) It is not necessary to get married any more.結(jié)婚再也沒有什么必要了。B) Women do not need a husband any longer. 婦女們不再需要伴侶了。C) Women are not economically dependant any more. 婦女們?cè)诮?jīng)濟(jì)上已經(jīng)不再依賴了。（正確答案）D) Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now.現(xiàn)在很多妻子在外面有很好的工作。3. Why may the outlook of marriage not be as gloomy as it appears? 前景似乎不像人們想的那么悲觀的原因_。A) Many people still like to get married. 很多人仍然想結(jié)婚。（正確答案）B) The rate of divorce has actually decreased.離婚率實(shí)際上已經(jīng)降低了。C) Over 50% of the marriages continue to exist.超過50%的婚姻仍然存在。D) The statistics of divorce is not quite true.關(guān)于離婚的數(shù)據(jù)不真實(shí)。4. How do people usually feel in their marriage life? 人們對(duì)于婚姻生活的感覺是_ 。A) They are much healthier.他們更健康。B) They feel no longer single.他們不再感覺到孤單。C) They are more satisfied. 他們更滿意。（正確答案）D) They suffer a lot less.他們?cè)庥龅母佟?. Which of the following about marriage is NOT mentioned in the passage? 以下關(guān)于婚姻的論述下列_沒有在文中提到。A) There will be more relationships outside marriage.在婚姻以外將有更多的親戚關(guān)系。B) Many people try to get married again after divorce. 很多人離婚之后盡量再一次結(jié)婚。（正確答案）C) Marriage has long been partly an economical need.婚姻一直以來部分是婚姻的需要。D) It is a fact that most people choose to get married.大多數(shù)人選擇結(jié)婚是一個(gè)事實(shí)。詞匯divorce /div:s/ n. 離婚evidence /evidns/ n. 證據(jù)，跡象futurist /fju:trist/ n. 未來主義者explode /iksplud/ v. 激增，迅速擴(kuò)大predict /pridikt/ v. 預(yù)言，預(yù)料，預(yù)報(bào)extramarital /,ekstrmritl / adj. 婚外的gloomy /lu:mi/ adj. 陰暗的；令人沮喪的institution /,institju:n/ n. 制度，習(xí)俗o(hù)utlook / autluk/ n. 展望，前景pessimistic /,pesimistik/ adj. 悲觀的cohabit /kuhbit/ v. 同居effectively /ifektivli/ ad. 實(shí)際上statistics /sttistiks/ n. 統(tǒng)計(jì)，統(tǒng)計(jì)資料deceptive /diseptiv/ adj. 迷惑的，騙人的outdated /,autdeitid/ adj. 舊式的，過時(shí)的indicate /indikeit/ v.表明，暗示consequence / knsi,kwns/ n. 結(jié)果，后果contented /kntentid/ adj.滿足的，滿意的counterpart /kauntp:t/ n. 對(duì)應(yīng)的人（或物）注釋National Family Association: 美國國家家庭聯(lián)合會(huì)可替換題目關(guān)鍵知識(shí)點(diǎn)：1. During the past 50 years the rate of divorce in the United States has exploded: almost 50% of marriages end in divorce now, and the evidence suggests it is going to get worse.現(xiàn)在幾乎50%的婚姻以離婚告終，證據(jù)顯示，情況還將持續(xù)惡化。2. Some futurists predict that in 100 years, the average American will marry at least four times, and extramarital affairs will be even more common than they are now. 一些未來學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，100年后的美國人將平均至少結(jié)四次婚，而婚外戀甚至將比現(xiàn)在更為普遍。3. But what are the reasons for this, and is the picture really so gloomy? The answer to the first question is really quite simple: marriage is no longer the necessity it once was. 那問題的原因是什么？現(xiàn)狀真的如此糟糕嗎？第一個(gè)問題的答案十分簡(jiǎn)單：婚姻早已不像它過去那樣非有不可了。4. But with the rising number of women in well-paying jobs, this is no longer the case, so they dont feel that they need to stay in a failing marriage. 現(xiàn)在，隨著高薪女性的增多，情況也已經(jīng)改變。因此，她們覺得沒有必要被一段失敗的婚姻捆住手腳。5. In answer to the second question, the outlook may not be as pessimistic as it seems, While the rate of divorce has risen, the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much, so marriage is still quite popular. 回答第二個(gè)問題，前景似乎不像它看起來那么令人悲觀。盡管離婚率升高，但世紀(jì)結(jié)婚率并沒有下降，所以說結(jié)婚還是挺流行的。6. In addition to this. many couples now cohabit and dont bother to marry. 。除此之外，現(xiàn)在許多戀人同居但并不急著領(lǐng)證。7. These couples are effectively married, but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics. 這些人事實(shí)上已經(jīng)結(jié)婚，但他們卻是統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)婚與離婚率的盲區(qū)。8. They suffer less from stress and its consequences, such as heart problems, and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts. 他們壓力較小，因壓力產(chǎn)生的諸如心臟問題也相應(yīng)減少。而且，婚后男性總體上較之配偶更為滿意。9. Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships! 也許，關(guān)鍵在于找出成功婚姻背后的秘訣并把它運(yùn)用到我們所有人與人的關(guān)系中去。第八篇 當(dāng)代婚姻（C級(jí)）如今的婚姻出什么嚴(yán)重問題了嗎？在過去50年中，美國的離婚率暴漲：現(xiàn)在幾乎50%的婚姻以離婚告終，證據(jù)顯示，情況還將持續(xù)惡化。據(jù)美國國家聯(lián)合會(huì)的發(fā)言人稱，如果這種趨勢(shì)持續(xù)下去，將導(dǎo)致家庭的破裂。一些未來學(xué)家預(yù)測(cè)，100年后的美國人將平均至少結(jié)四次婚，而婚外戀甚至將比現(xiàn)在更為普遍。那問題的原因是什么？現(xiàn)狀真的如此糟糕嗎？第一個(gè)問題的答案十分簡(jiǎn)單：婚姻早已不像它過去那樣非有不可了。從好些年前開始，經(jīng)濟(jì)需求已經(jīng)只是婚姻的部分基礎(chǔ)。過去，由于女性除了家庭以外沒有任何工作，她們常常在經(jīng)濟(jì)上依賴丈夫?，F(xiàn)在，隨著高薪女性的增多，情況也已經(jīng)改變。因此，她們覺得沒有必要被一段失敗的婚姻捆住手腳?；卮鸬诙€(gè)問題，前景似乎不像它看起來那么令人悲觀。盡管離婚率升高，但世紀(jì)結(jié)婚率并沒有下降，所以說結(jié)婚還是挺流行的。除此之外，現(xiàn)在許多戀人同居但并不急著領(lǐng)證。這些人事實(shí)上已經(jīng)結(jié)婚，但他們卻是統(tǒng)計(jì)結(jié)婚與離婚率的盲區(qū)。超過50%的第一次婚姻實(shí)際上是成功的。之前數(shù)據(jù)的欺騙性在于二度與三度婚姻的離婚率要高于首次婚姻?；橐稣娴倪^時(shí)了嗎？大多數(shù)人仍會(huì)結(jié)婚，這一事實(shí)證明不是這樣的。而且事實(shí)上婚后夫妻比單身過著更健康的生活：他們壓力較小，因壓力產(chǎn)生的諸如心臟問題也相應(yīng)減少。而且，婚后男性總體上較之配偶更為滿意。也許，關(guān)鍵在于找出成功婚姻背后的秘訣并把它運(yùn)用到我們所有人與人的關(guān)系中去。綜合類-C級(jí)：一級(jí)重點(diǎn)（2011新增文章）Why People Use Pseudonyms You cant choose the name you are given at birth, but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names _1_ they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do _2_ this course of action particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes its for purely _3_ reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neftali Reyes. He didnt want his father to _4_ he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man. _5_ other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, _6_ wrote under 75 different names. The reason? “When I use a different name, I always write in a different way,” he explained. In most cases, _7_, the reason is for social, historical, or cultural reasons. Here are some of the most _8_: The persons real name is just _9_ long and difficult to remember. Lets be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as _10_ to remember as just plain “Madonna”. And short names are much easier to remember: William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele. Sometimes names are changed for marketing _11_. For example, if a name sounds too “foreign”, it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a _12_. So in the film world, Ramon Estevez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artists real name doesnt sound very attractiveChad Everett does _13_ a lot better than Raymond Cramton. Artists sometimes _14_ the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas. Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published. To _15_ this situation they sometimes gave themselves mens names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!1. A as ifB asC even ifD even2. A takeB makeC doD have3. A privateB individualC ownD personal4. A understandB knowC recognizeD observe5. A AtB OnC InD During6. A whomB whichC whoD that7. A butB althoughC thoughD however8. A popularB co