高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法倒裝總結(jié)全.doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡(luò)，僅供學(xué)習(xí)與交流，如有侵權(quán)請(qǐng)聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除倒 裝 句倒裝的兩種考法：1. 放在單項(xiàng)選擇題中，考查考生的倒裝語(yǔ)法知識(shí)是否熟練掌握；2. 放在完形填空和閱讀理解中，設(shè)置理解障礙。倒裝的兩種形式：1. 完全倒裝： 將整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前。2. 部分倒裝：即半倒裝，將謂語(yǔ)的一部分即助動(dòng)詞提到主語(yǔ)前。一、完全倒裝1】表方位的副詞here, there 或out, in, up, down, away, off, over, back等標(biāo)志詞放在句首，句子用完全倒裝?！痉g句子】 (1)車(chē)來(lái)了。 Here comes the bus.(2)鈴響了。 There goes the bell. (3)孩子們沖出來(lái)了。 Out rushed the children. (4)那個(gè)男孩離開(kāi)了。 Away went the boy.【疑難】Here it is. In she came. Away he went. 【疑難剖析】當(dāng)主語(yǔ)是人稱代詞時(shí)，主謂語(yǔ)序不變。2】地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)放在句首且謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為come, live, lie, go, sit, stand等時(shí)用完全倒裝?！就瓿衫洹?(5)河的南面有一家小工廠。In south of the river lies a small factory. (6)山谷里傳來(lái)一聲喊叫。From the valley came a cry.3】 such, the following等放句首時(shí)，句子要完全倒裝?！痉g句子】(7)Such are the facts. 情況就是如此。(8)生活就是這樣。 Such is life.(9)The following is the answer to the question. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案如下。4】There lie / exist / stand / live 主語(yǔ)是there be 句型的變式【翻譯句子】(10)山頂上有一幢高樓。There is a tall building on the top of the mountain.(11)山頂上聳立著一座古塔。There stands an ancient tower on the top of the mountain.5】“表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。【例句觀察】Present at the party were Mr. Green and many other guests. 出席晚會(huì)的有格林先生，還有一些別的賓客。Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 坐在地上的是一群年輕人?！咀⒁狻看藭r(shí)，主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，可還原為正常語(yǔ)序即：主系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)。 二、部分倒裝將情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、助動(dòng)詞、be提到主語(yǔ)前。 (通常可以還原為正常的語(yǔ)序，并以此檢驗(yàn)倒裝句是否正確。)1】含有否定意義的副詞或短語(yǔ)如：few, little, never, not, nowhere, rarely, seldom, at no time, by no means, in no case等放在句首時(shí)，需用部分倒裝?！痉g句子】(12)Little does he know about the news. 他對(duì)這消息知之甚少。(13)By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 他根本不可能在這么短的時(shí)間里趕上來(lái)。【疑難1】He is active in personality, and he seldom stays indoors. (無(wú)助動(dòng)詞)He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (添加does)【疑難剖析1】若原句中沒(méi)有助動(dòng)詞，必須根據(jù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的具體時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)確定相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞do, does 或did?！就瓿衫洹?(14) 我有大量的工作要做。 Ive got an enormous amount of work to do. 我也是。So have I. (15)他，和他全家人一樣，相信你是無(wú)辜的。He believed, as did all his family, that you were innocent. (16)如果她不同意這個(gè)計(jì)劃，Tom也不會(huì)同意。If she doesnt agree to the plan, neither will Tom. 2】so / as / neither / nor 為標(biāo)志詞放在句首時(shí)，句子用倒裝。表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況，也適合于另一人或物時(shí)，句式如下：so / as be (助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 主語(yǔ)。 表示前面所說(shuō)的否定情況也適合于另一人或物時(shí)，句式如下：neither (nor) be (助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 主語(yǔ)。 【特別提醒】 “so 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞(或be動(dòng)詞)”表示對(duì)上文肯定的內(nèi)容加以肯定或贊同，意為“的確如此”； Its raining hard. 天下著大雨。 So it is. 是的。 “主語(yǔ)did so”表示：“主語(yǔ)”這樣做了。 例如： Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so. Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。3】“only 狀語(yǔ)(或狀語(yǔ)從句)”放在句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝。only之后跟的不是狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不可倒裝?！就瓿衫洹?17)你只有用這種方法才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Only in this way can you learn English well. (18)只有他有時(shí)間的話他才會(huì)來(lái)。Only if he has time will he come here. (19)他被請(qǐng)了3次才來(lái)開(kāi)會(huì)。Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting. (20)Only that boy can work out the problem. 只有那個(gè)男孩才能解答出這個(gè)問(wèn)題。(21)Only socialism can save China. 只有社會(huì)主義才能救中國(guó)。4】在if引導(dǎo)的虛擬語(yǔ)氣條件句中，從句謂語(yǔ)有助動(dòng)詞were, had, should時(shí)，可將if 省略，而把 were, had, should 移到句首?！痉g句子】(22)如果我是你，我就不會(huì)那樣做。 Were I you, I wouldnt do that.【特別提醒】若從句是否定句，則必須將 not放在主語(yǔ)后。 had必須是助動(dòng)詞。 5】在 “sothat” 和 “ suchthat”結(jié)構(gòu)中，將“soadj. ”和“suchn. ”提到句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝?！就瓿衫洹?23)暴風(fēng)雨如此厲害，整個(gè)屋頂都被吹掉了。 So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off. (24)杰克是如此聰明的孩子，他能解答所有這些難題。 Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 6】often, always, once, many a time, now and then, every the other day, then等狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，句子部分倒裝。【完成例句】以前我經(jīng)常提到他。 Often did I speak of him.他常常幫助我做實(shí)驗(yàn)。Many a time has he helped me with my experiment.7】在notuntil, no soonerthan, scarcely/hardlywhen, not onlybut also, neithernor,等否定詞開(kāi)頭的句式中。【完成例句】約翰知道昨天才改變了主意Not until yesterday did John change his mind.她一坐下，電話就響了。Hardly had she sat down when the phone rang.他沒(méi)去拜訪她，他也不會(huì)這樣做。Neither has he called on her,nor will he do so. 她不但說(shuō)的正確，而且說(shuō)的流利。Not only did she speak correctly, but also she spoke fluently.8】當(dāng)as /though引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，可出現(xiàn)“N/adj/adv/分詞+as +S+V”或“V+as+S+助動(dòng)詞”的倒裝形式。當(dāng)表語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，名詞前不加任何冠詞。【完成例句】盡管他們很勇敢，但這樣的危險(xiǎn)仍使他們感到畏懼。Brave as they we