小學英語語法總結.doc

此文檔收集于網(wǎng)絡，僅供學習與交流，如有侵權請聯(lián)系網(wǎng)站刪除小學英語語法總結（含練習部分）一、名詞復數(shù)規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds2以s. x. sh. ch結尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches3以“輔音字母 y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries4以“f或fe”結尾，變f或fe為v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives Leafleaves5不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, child-childrenfoot-feet,.tooth-teethfish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese寫出下列各詞的復數(shù) I _him _this _her _watch _child _photo _diary _day_ foot_ book_ dress _tooth_ sheep _box_ strawberry _peach_ sandwich _dish_bus_man_ woman_ 二、一般現(xiàn)在時一般現(xiàn)在時基本用法介紹 【No. 1】一般現(xiàn)在時的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習慣性的動作。如：I get up at six every day.我天天六點起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽轉。一般現(xiàn)在時的構成1. be動詞：主語 be(am,is,are) 其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個男孩。2.行為動詞：主語 行為動詞( 其它)。如：We study English.我們學習英語。當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)(he, she,it)時，要在動詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語?！綨o. 2】一般現(xiàn)在時的變化1. be動詞的變化。否定句：主語 be not 其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問句：Be 主語 其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not.非凡疑問句：疑問詞 一般疑問句。如：Where is my bike?2.行為動詞的變化。否定句：主語 dont( doesnt ) 動詞原形( 其它)。如：I dont like bread.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用doesnt構成否定句。如：He doesnt often play.一般疑問句：Do( Does ) 主語 動詞原形 其它。如：- Do you often play football?- Yes, I do. / No, I dont.當主語為第三人稱單數(shù)時，要用does構成一般疑問句。如：- Does she go to work by bike?- Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 動詞 s的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks2以s. x. sh. ch. o結尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes3以“輔音字母 y”結尾，變y為i, 再加-es，如：study-studies一般現(xiàn)在時用法專練:一、 寫出下列動詞的第三人稱單數(shù) drink _ go _ stay _ make _look _ have_ pass_ carry _come_ watch_ plant_ fly _study_ brush_ do_ teach_wash_二、用括號內(nèi)動詞的適當形式填空。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup?6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays?7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day?8. The girl _(teach) us English on Sundays.9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening.10. There _(be) some water in the bottle.11. Mike _(like) cooking.12. They _(have) the same hobby.13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully.14. You always _(do) your homework well.15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed.16. She _(go) to school from Monday to Friday.17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE.18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening.19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term.20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday三、現(xiàn)在進行時1現(xiàn)在進行時表示現(xiàn)在正在進行或發(fā)生的動作，也可表示當前一段時間內(nèi)的活動或現(xiàn)階段正在進行的動作。2現(xiàn)在進行時的肯定句基本結構為be 動詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進行時的否定句在be后加not。4現(xiàn)在進行時的一般疑問句把be動詞調到句首。5現(xiàn)在進行時的非凡疑問的基本結構為：疑問詞不達意 be 主語 動詞ing?但疑問詞當主語時其結構為：疑問詞不達意 be 動詞ing?動詞加ing的變化規(guī)則1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking2以不發(fā)音的e結尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting3假如末尾是一個元音字母和一個輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping現(xiàn)在進行時專項練習：一、寫出下列動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞：play_ run_ swim _make_go_ like_ write_ _ski_ read_ have_ sing _ dance_put_ see_ buy _ love_ live_ take_ come _ get_stop_ sit _ begin_ shop_二、用所給的動詞的正確形式填空：1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now.2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom .3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now.4. What _ you _ ( do ) now?5. Look . They _( have) an English lesson .6.They _(not ,water) the flowers now.7.Look! the girls _(dance )in the classroom .8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _(listen ) to music.9. Its 5 oclock now. We _(have)supper now10._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .四、將來時理論及練習一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計劃或預備做某事。句中一般有以下時間狀語：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結構：be going to do；will do. 三、否定句：在be動詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this afternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon.四、同義句：be going to = willI am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow. 練習：填空。1. 我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I_ _ _ have a picnic with my friends.I _ have a picnic with my friends.2.我們將要學習英語We _ _ _ learn English.We _ learn English.五、一般過去時1一般過去時表示過去某個時間發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸桶l(fā)生的動作。2Be動詞在一般過去時中的變化：am 和is在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt）are在一般過去時中變?yōu)閣ere。（were not=werent）3句中沒有be動詞的一般過去時的句子否定句：didnt 動詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday.動詞過去式變化規(guī)則：1一般在動詞末尾加-ed，如：work_-worked , cook-cooked2結尾是e加d，如：live_lived 3末尾只有一個元音字母和一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped4以“輔音字母 y”結尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied5不規(guī)則動詞過去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-had, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, swim-swam, sit-sat過去時練習寫出下列動詞的過去式 isam_ plant_ are _drink_ play_ go_ make _does_ dance_ worry_ ask _taste_ eat_ put _kick_ pass_ do _Be動詞的過去時練習（1）Name _ No. _ Date _一、 用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ at school just now.2. He _ at the camp last week.3. We _ students two years ago.4. They _ on the farm a moment ago.5. Yang Ling _ eleven years old last year.6. There _ an apple on the plate yesterday.7. There _ some milk in the fridge on Sunday.8. The mobile phone _ on the sofa yesterday evening.一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ an English teacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday.3. They _ glad to see each other last month.行為動詞的過去時練習（2）Name _ No. _ Date _一、用be動詞的適當形式填空1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday.2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper last night.3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go)4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival?5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _.6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday.7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _.8. What _ she _ (find) in the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly.六、人稱代詞和物主代詞主格 賓格 形容詞性 名詞性I me my mineyou you youryourshe him his his