人教版 必修一Unit 2 REnglish around the world Language points課件（共80張PPT）.ppt

unit2englisharoundtheworldreadingandlanguagepoints ame bre lookatthepictures canyouspeaktheminamericanenglishandbritishenglish soccer football ame bre eraser rubber ame bre lift elevator ame bre flat apartment actuallyinfact實(shí)際上 事實(shí)上atpresentnow現(xiàn)在的 出席的rulegovern統(tǒng)治vocabularywordsandexpressions詞匯 詞匯量graduallybydegrees逐漸地 newwords official官方的voyage航行 航海native本國(guó)的 本地的actually事實(shí)上latter后者的identity身份fluent流利的frequently頻繁地 bebasedon以 為基礎(chǔ)culture文化 文明identity身份government政府rapidly迅速地singapore新加坡malaysia馬來(lái)西亞 pre reading readthetitle theroadtomodernenglish andpredict 預(yù)測(cè) whatthepassageismainlyabout theroadtomodernenglish theroad thedevelopmentofenglishlanguage moreandmorepeoplespeakenglish nativeenglishspeakerscanunderstandeachotherbutnoteverything para1 para2 skimming mainideasofparagraphs attheendof laterinthenextcentury today englishischangingovertime cultures places englishisspokenasaforeignorsecondlanguageinmanycountries para3 4 para5 a howtolearnenglishwellb thebriefhistoryofmodernenglishc thewaytoenglandd thedifferencebetweenmodernenglishandoldenglish choosethemainideaofthetext b carefulreading para1 developmentofenglish theendofthe16thcentury thenextcentury today people ifanamericanistalkingtoanenglishman a theywillhavealmostnodifficultyinunderstandingb theywillhavealotofmisunderstandingsbetweeneachotherc theamericanfindsitdifficulttounderstandtheenglishmand theenglishmanfindsitdifficulttofollowtheamerican para2 a whydoesenglishchangeovertime becauseofculturalcommunication readpara3andanswerthequestion howhasenglishchangedovertime ad450 1150 americandictionaryoftheenglishlanguage wasbasedmoreongerman morelikefrench shakespearemadeuseofawidervocabulary americanenglish australianenglish para3 4 rule identity britishpeoplewenttoaustralia 1150 1500 inthe1600 s findoutthecharacteristicsofeachtimeaccordingtothetimeaxis ad450 1150 800 1150 thetimeadelwaswritten inthe1600 s later german lesslikegerman morelikefrench shakespeare senglish americanenglish australianenglish german thehistoryoftheenglishlanguage less ruled shakespeare america australia governmentandeducation englishspelling dictionary theamericandictionaryoftheenglishlanguage insouthasia china southafrica samueljohnsonborn september18 1709writeadictionaryoneoftheenglishlanguage smostprofoundinfluences twoimportantpersonsinpara4 noahwebsterborn october16 1758died may28 1843whennoahwas43 hestartedwritingthefirstamericandictionary hedidthisbecauseamericansindifferentpartsofthecountryspelled pronouncedandusedwordsdifferently whyisindiamentionedinthelastparagraph a becauseindiaisatypicalcountrywhospeaksenglishasasecondlanguagebecauseofitslongbeingruledbybritain b becauseindiahasaverylargenumberofenglishspeakers c becauseindiaisacountrywhereenglishplaysaveryimportantroleinsociallife d becauseindiahasalonghistoryofcommunicationwithbritain para5 a englishisusedas afirstlanguage asecondlanguage aforeignlanguage intheuk usa canada australia southafrica irelandandnewzealandandsoon inindia pakistan nigeriathephilippines andhkandsoon inchina andsoon time place languagecanchangewithtime languagecanchangewhenculturescommunicatewitheachother conclusion flowchart theroadtomodernenglish englishisnotallthesame englishchangesovertime theendof16thc thenextcentury today morelikefrench shake speare stime englishspeakersincreasing englishspreadinasiaandafrica ame australianenglish india othercoun tries china basedongerman 1 englishhas hadthemostspeakers nowwhenthebritishruledmanypartsoftheworldc inthetimeofshakespeared inthe12thcentury a choosethecorrectanswer 2 whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue languagesalwaysstaythesame languageschangeonlyafterwars languagesnolongerchange languageschangewhencultureschange d 3 fromad450to1150 englishsoundedmorelike a frenchb chinesec germand russian4 shakespeare senglishwasspokenaround a 1400 sb 1150 sc 450 sd 1600 s c d 5 whichcountryhasthefastestgrowingnumberofenglishspeakersintheworld a australiab chinac indiad britain b mostenglishspeakersinthe16thcenturylivedinengland 2 moreandmorepeopleuseenglishastheirfirstor2ndlanguage 3 englishbegantobespokeninothercountiesin17thcentury t t t trueorfalse 4 nativeenglishspeakerscan tunderstandeachotherbecausetheydon tspeakthesamekindofenglish 5 asenglishiswidelyused itwillbemoreandmoreimportanttohaveagoodknowledgeofenglish 6 noahwebsterwrotetheamericandictionaryoftheenglishlanguage f t t 7 from1765to1947englishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducationinindia 8 americahasthelargestnumberofenglishlearners 9 englishhadthemostspeakersinthe17thcentury 10 englishdevelopedwhennewsettlersandrulerscametobritain t f f t 11 languagesfrequentlychange 12 thelanguageofthegovernmentisalwaysthelanguageofthecountry 13 englishisoneoftheofficiallanguagesusedinindia 14 thisreadingdescribesthedevelopmentoftheenglishlanguage f t t f 1 whatistheclueofthepassage 2 whendidpeoplefromenglandbegintomovetootherpartsoftheworld time inthe17thcentury readthetextcarefullyandanswerthefollowingquestions 3 whydoesindiahavealargenumberofenglishspeakers indiawasruledbybritainfrom1765to1947 andduringthattimeenglishbecamethelanguageforgovernmentandeducation atfirst onlypeoplein spokeenglish later peoplefromengland tootherparts soenglishbegantobespokenin today peoplespeakenglishastheir secondorforeignlanguage englishspeakers understandeachotherbut retellthetext england moved manyothercountries more first native can noteverything alllanguageschangewhen communicatewithoneanother sotherearebritishenglish americanenglish australianenglishandsoon theyallhavetheirown englishisalsospokenasaforeignorsecondlanguagein maybeonedaychineseenglishwillbecomeoneoftheworldenglish cultures identity manyothercountries thinking willchineseenglishbecomeoneoftheworldenglishes onlytimewilltell discussion doyouthinkitmatterswhatkindofenglishyoulearn why 2 whydoyouthinkpeopleallovertheworldwanttolearnenglish whydosomanypeoplewanttolearnenglish touseforbusiness touseinschool totalktonativespeakers toreadenglishbooks towritetopenfriends tolistentoenglishmusicandmovies 1 nearlyallofthemlivedinengland nearly和almost用法明辨 1 兩者通用的場(chǎng)合a 在肯定句中b 修飾all every always等時(shí)c 在行為動(dòng)詞的否定式前時(shí)e g heisalmost nearly80yearsold languagepoints 2 只用almost的場(chǎng)合a 和any no none nothing nobody nowhere never等連用時(shí) b 和too morethan等連用時(shí) c 和表示感覺(jué)或心理活動(dòng)的靜態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用時(shí) e g thereisalmostnoneleft 3 只用nearly的場(chǎng)合a 被very not pretty等修飾時(shí) b 和具體數(shù)字連用時(shí) nearly常用 如 nearly100studentsattendedthemeeting 2 voyage在此為可數(shù)名詞 意為 旅行 航行 如 thetitanicwentunderonitsfirstvoyage theysuppliedthisshipwithenoughfoodandnecessitiesforalongvoyage idon twanttomakethevoyagewithouthelp 拓展 voyage還可用作動(dòng)詞 意為 乘船 航行 航海 如 theyplannedtovoyageacrossthepacificocean 注意區(qū)別名詞travel journey trip和voyage travel用作不可數(shù)名詞 只用于泛指從某地去另一地 如果某人在某段時(shí)間里到處走 可用travels journey用作可數(shù)名詞 表示去某地所花 的時(shí)間和旅行的距離 尤指較長(zhǎng)距離的或定期的旅行 trip用作可數(shù)名詞 表示非定期的 也許較短的往返旅行 voyage則常指海上旅行或太空旅行 airtravelisbecomingcheaper he sonhistravelsagain lilyhadalonganddifficultjourneythroughthemountainslastyear thekidsaregoingonatriptothecastle 3 becauseof后邊加名詞或動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)because是連詞 所以后邊跟句子因?yàn)槟愕年P(guān)心 我發(fā)現(xiàn)生活充滿了希望 becauseyouareconcernedaboutme ifindthatlifeisfullofhope becauseofyourconcern ifindthatlifeisfullofhope 因?yàn)橛晗碌煤艽?那個(gè)男孩穿過(guò)樹(shù)林回家了 becauseitrainedheavily theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods becauseoftheheavyrain theboywentbackhomethroughthewoods 4 thaneverbefore 比以往任何時(shí)候更 thaneverbefore可看作是thantheyeverspeakenglishbefore的省略形式 在比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)中 副詞ever與比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)連用 用來(lái)加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣 如 you llspeakenglishmuchbetterthaneverbefore janelooksmuchprettierthaneverbefore ever在不同句型中的意義 1 曾經(jīng) 以前 用于疑問(wèn)句 2 無(wú)論什么時(shí)候都 不 用于否定句 3 曾經(jīng) 用于if從句 4 到底 究竟 用于特殊疑問(wèn)句 5 永遠(yuǎn) 老是 用于肯定句 5 nativeenglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon tspeakthesamekindofenglish evenif eventhough 即使 用來(lái)引導(dǎo)一個(gè)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 后面既可以用陳述語(yǔ)氣 也可用虛擬語(yǔ)氣 但是evenif though引導(dǎo)的從句不用將來(lái)時(shí) 如 evenifitrainstomorrow wewillleaveforbeijing 用if asif evenif填空 1 ihadmoney iwouldn tbuyit 2 ihadmoney iwouldbuyit 3 itlooks itisgoingtorain evenif引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 if引導(dǎo)條件狀語(yǔ)從句 asif though 似乎是 引導(dǎo)方式狀語(yǔ)從句 evenif if asif 注意 1 evenif eventhough inspiteofthefact nomatterwhether即使 盡管是連詞詞組 用來(lái)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 若主 從句皆表示將來(lái)情況 從句中可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替將來(lái)時(shí) 2 evenif從句所說(shuō)的不那么肯定 eventhough從句是事實(shí) e g evenifheispoor sheloveshim hemaybepoor yetsheloveshim even thoughheispoor sheloveshim heispoor yetsheloveshim whentalkingtoafriendoverthetelephone youfeelthatyouareclose theactualdistanceisnotshortened a butb evenifc sod because b achildcameuptomeandshowedmethewaytothestation thesuncomesupintheeast newshootsofbamboowillcomeupfromaroundtherootsoftheoldones yeabout出現(xiàn) 發(fā)生 eup上來(lái) 走近 發(fā)芽 被提出 升起 走近 上來(lái) 升起 被提出討論 comeacross偶然遇到或找到comearound恢復(fù) 還原 改變某人的意見(jiàn)或立場(chǎng)comedown傳承 按習(xí)慣通過(guò)或處理comeout成為眾所周知 發(fā)行或發(fā)表 結(jié)果 自己公開(kāi)宣布comeover過(guò)來(lái) 偶然拜訪comeupwith宣布或發(fā)現(xiàn)thedoctorcameupwithacureforthedisease 7 sowhyhasenglishchangedovertime 那么 英語(yǔ)在一段時(shí)間里為什么會(huì)起變化呢 over貫穿 經(jīng)過(guò) 一段時(shí)間 e g overtheyears hehasbecomemorepatient 經(jīng)過(guò)這些年 他變得更有耐心 圣誕節(jié)時(shí)你在家嗎 willyoustayathomeoverchristmas over超過(guò) morethan 再三 again over2minutesoverandover 8 itwasbasedmoreongermanthantheenglishwespeakatpresent 當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多的是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的 而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是 1 basev 意為 以 為根據(jù) 把基礎(chǔ)設(shè)在 常構(gòu)成短語(yǔ)basesth on uponsth 如 thisnovelisbasedonfact 這部小說(shuō)是以事實(shí)為根據(jù)的 thepaperhadintendedtobaseitselfinlondon thisfilmisbasedonanovelbyd h lawrence 拓展 base還可用作名詞 意為 底部 基地 基礎(chǔ) 等 如 thereisadooratthebaseofthetower howmanymilitarybasesaretheymaintainingonforeignsoil manylanguageshavelatinastheirbase 掌握base構(gòu)成的兩個(gè)短語(yǔ) beoffbase完全錯(cuò)誤 大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)touchbase with sb 跟某人 聯(lián)系上 逗留 2 more than 是 而不是 與其說(shuō) 不如說(shuō) 中間接相同成分 heismoreafriendthanateacher heismorelazythanstupid 擴(kuò)展 morethan不僅僅 多于 十分e g heismorethanateacherinourschool hemademorethantenfriendsinthisclub sheismorethanbeautiful ratherthan而不是 lessthan少于 otherthan除 之外 3 present adj 當(dāng)前的 現(xiàn)在的 作前置定語(yǔ) didyouseethepresentnationalleaders canyoutellussomethingaboutthepresentsituation 出席的 在場(chǎng)的 作表語(yǔ)或后置定語(yǔ) ourteacherwaspresentatthemeeting allthepeoplepresentagreetomyplan n 目前 現(xiàn)在 禮物ican tsparetimebecauseiambusyatpresent whatpresentdidyoureceivefromyourparents atpresent now atthistime momentshe sbusyatpresentandcan tspeaktoyou 她現(xiàn)在很忙 不能跟你談話 atpresentheisaprofessorofmathematicsatcambridge 目前他是劍橋大學(xué)的數(shù)學(xué)教授 vt 贈(zèng)與 贈(zèng)給予 給 提出presentsb withsth 或presentsth tosb 把 交給 頒發(fā) 授予如 motherpresentedagifttomejustnow onhisbirthday hisfriendspresentedhimwithaseriesofreaders presentedaseriesofreaderstohim 送給他一套讀本 9 shakespearemadeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore 莎士比亞使用了比以往任何時(shí)候更為廣泛的詞匯量 makeuseof利用 使用makegood fulluseof充分使用makenouseofsth 沒(méi)有利用wecouldmakegooduseofourresources 我們應(yīng)該充分利用好我們的資源 everyminuteshouldbemadegooduseof 每一分鐘都應(yīng)該很好地利用 shemakesuseofpeopleshemeetsasheroesforhernovel weshouldmakegooduseoftimetostudy 拓展 make構(gòu)成的常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ) makeof makefrom通常用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 構(gòu)成bemadeof bemadefrom都表示 由 制成 其中bemadeof表示在產(chǎn)品中能夠看出原材料 bemadefrom表示在產(chǎn)品中看不出原材料 makeup編寫 編造 和解makeupof由 組成 構(gòu)成 makeupfor彌補(bǔ) 補(bǔ)償makeout理解 弄懂 看清 勉強(qiáng) 辨認(rèn)出 假裝 裝成makeinto制成 makeit成功 辦成 及時(shí)趕到 10 thenumberof anumberofthenumberof 的數(shù)目 接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù) 其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù) thenumberofundergraduateshasincreasedovertheyears anumberof許多 大量 后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞 其后謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù) agreatnumberof alargenumberof asmallnumberof anumberofteachersareonleave thenumberofpeopleinvited fifty butanumberofthem absentfordifferentreasons a were wasb was wasc was wered were were c 注意 只能修飾可數(shù)名詞的alarge great goodnumberof agood greatmany dozensof sco