變電站-外文翻譯-外文文獻(xiàn)-英文文獻(xiàn)-變電站的綜合概述.doc

英文翻譯A comprehensive overview of substationsAlong with the economic development and the modern industry developments of quick rising, the design of the power supply system become more and more completely and system. Because the quickly increase electricity of factories, it also increases seriously to the dependable index of the economic condition, power supply in quantity. Therefore they need the higher and more perfect request to the power supply. Whether Design reasonable, not only affect directly the base investment and circulate the expenses with have the metal depletion in colour metal, but also will reflect the dependable in power supply and the safe in many facts. In a word, it is close with the economic performance and the safety of the people. The substation is an importance part of the electric power system, it is consisted of the electric appliances equipments and the Transmission and the Distribution. It obtains the electric power from the electric power system, through its function of transformation and assign, transport and safety. Then transport the power to every place with safe, dependable, and economical. As an important part of powers transport and control, the transformer substation must change the mode of the traditional design and control, then can adapt to the modern electric power system, the development of modern industry and the of trend of the society life.Electric power industry is one of the foundations of national industry and national economic development to industry, it is a coal, oil, natural gas, hydropower, nuclear power, wind power and other energy conversion into electrical energy of the secondary energy industry, it for the other departments of the national economy fast and stable development of the provision of adequate power, and its level of development is a reflection of the countrys economic development an important indicator of the level. As the power in the industry and the importance of the national economy, electricity transmission and distribution of electric energy used in these areas is an indispensable component.。Therefore, power transmission and distribution is critical. Substation is to enable superior power plant power plants or power after adjustments to the lower load of books is an important part of power transmission. Operation of its functions, the capacity of a direct impact on the size of the lower load power, thereby affecting the industrial production and power consumption.Substation system if a link failure, the system will protect the part of action. May result in power outages and so on, to the production and living a great disadvantage. Therefore, the substation in the electric power system for the protection of electricity reliability, sensitivity and other indicators.Power plants and substations are connected user link in the middle, transformation and distribution of electric energy to play the role. According to the different tasks substation can be divided into step-up transformer step-down transformer substation and two broad categories. Step-up substation built on the general power plant, the general step-down transformer near the load center built on the low.Voltage can also be divided according to medium voltage substation (60 kV and below), high-voltage substations (110 220 kV), EHV Substation (330 765 kV) and Ultra High Voltage Substation (1000 kV and above). In electric power system according to their status as a hub substation can be divided into the middle substation substations and terminals. This requires a substation part of economic rationality, the second part of safe and reliable, the only way to the normal operation of substation work services for the national economy. There are step-up transformer step-down transformer substation and two broad categories.Substations have been equipped with various protection devices, these devices are based on lower short-circuit load to a maximum load conditions, such as configuration settings and, therefore, in the event of the failure was similar to the specific circumstances under to judge by the system should automatically trip protection, and now the protection of the whole trip has been a very short time, the lifting of the fault, the system will automatically reclosing devices and the gateway to restore power quickly. This is to protect the lower the load is very favorable. This will not only protect the safety of the load equipment is in favor of extending the service life and reduce equipment investment, and improved reliability of electricity supply, which is to improve the efficiency of industrial and agricultural production is very effective.Substations have been equipped with various protection devices, these devices are based on lower short-circuit load to a maximum load conditions, such as configuration settings and, therefore, in the event of the failure was similar to the specific circumstances under to judge by the system should automatically trip protection, and now the protection of the whole trip has been a very short time, the lifting of the fault, the system will automatically reclosing devices and the gateway to restore power quickly. This is to protect the lower the load is very favorable. This will not only protect the safety of the load equipment is in favor of extending the service life and reduce equipment investment, and improved reliability of electricity supply, which is to improve the efficiency of industrial and agricultural production is very effective.Increase in the efficiency of industrial products means lower product costs, increase market competitiveness, which will enable enterprises to increase for the national economy and make a greater contribution to development. Electricity supply reliability and other fields, can improve peoples quality of life, improve their living conditions. Analyse change to give or get an electric shock a mission for carrying and customers carries etc. circumstance, choose the address, make good use of customer data proceed then carry calculation, ascertain the correct equipment of the customer. At the same time following the choice of every kind of transformer, then make sure the line method of the transformer substation, then calculate the short-circuit electric current, choosing to send together with the electric wire method and the style of the wire, then proceeding the calculation of short-circuit electric current. This first step of design included:(1) ascertain the total project (2) load analysis(3) the calculation of the short-circuit electric current (4) the design of an electric shock the system design to connect with system and the choice of line project (5) the choice and the settle of the protective facility (6) the contents to defend the thunder and protection of connect the earth. Along with the high and quick development of electric power technique, electric power system then can change from the generate of the electricity to the supply the power. Design the task this time is aim at intensity of mastering of every subject knowledge of this speciality reflecting, and of test this specialitys study result. first, analyze the tend of load department according to all parameter of load about system and circuit on task book. It expounds the necessity to this situation from the rspect of increasing load. Then through to the generalization of planning to build the transformer substation and the analysis of the load materials, safe, economy and dependability are considered, has confirmed the mainly wiring form of 10kV. Calculated and supplied power in the range and confirmed TV stations number of the main voltage transformer through load finally, capacity and type, capacity and type of using the voltage transformer stand surely at the same time, finally, the result of calculation of calculating that and short out according to the electric current of largest lasting job, make the circuit to protect, the voltage transformer is protected, the bus bar is protected, prevent the thunder from protecting.This graduation project take the 10kV transformer substation as the main design object, this 10kV transformer substation is the local important transformer substation, is the electrical power system 10kV voltage rank important part. This transformer substation is equipped with 2 main transformers, in the station the host wiring divides into 10kV,and 0.4 kV two voltages ranks.This design first chapter is an introduction, mainly elaborated the transformer substation in electrical power system status. Designs the transformer substation the principle and the goal as well as the transformer substation basic situation. Second chapter is shoulders the computation and the transformer choice, carries on the load computation according to the known transformer substation load material to the transformer substation. Through the load which obtains had determined the host changes the capacity and a number, the host change the pattern, the winding wiring way, the accent press the way and the host changes the impedance. Third chapter is the transformer substation electricity host wiring design, separately through to 10kV side electricity host wiring drawing up, chooses the stablest reliable wiring way. Fourth chapter is the short class computation, first determined short-circuits the spot, calculates various parts reactance, then to respectively short-circuits separately to carry on the computation, obtains respectively short-circuits the short-circuit current. Fifth chapter is the electrical equipment choice, the electrical equipment including the generatrix, the circuit breaker, the isolator, the electric current and the voltage transformer, the fuse. Sixth chapter is the power distribution equipment, mainly carries on the design to the transformer substation power distribution equipment. Seventh chapter is anti-radar with the earth, this chapter has carried on the choice to the arrester, as well as has determined the earth way. Through to the 10kV transformer substation design, causes me has to the electrical engineering and its the automated specialized branch curriculum to be comprehensive, system grasping, strengthened apply theory to reality the ability, raised the project consciousness, exercised me independently to analyze and the solution electric power project design question ability. key words substation ,load ,transmission system , distribution high voltage network ，correction equipment.變電站的綜合概述隨著經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和現(xiàn)代工業(yè)建設(shè)的迅速崛起，供電系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計(jì)越來(lái)越全面、系統(tǒng)，工廠用電量迅速增長(zhǎng)，對(duì)電能質(zhì)量、技術(shù)經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況、供電的可靠性指標(biāo)也日益提高，因此對(duì)供電設(shè)計(jì)也有了更高、更完善的要求。設(shè)計(jì)是否合理，不僅直接影響基建投資、運(yùn)行費(fèi)用和有色金屬的消耗量，也會(huì)反映在供電的可靠性和安全生產(chǎn)方面，它和企業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益、設(shè)備人身安全密切相關(guān)。電力工業(yè)是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的一項(xiàng)基礎(chǔ)工業(yè)和國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的先行工業(yè)，它是一種將煤、石油、天然氣、水能、核能、風(fēng)能等一次能源轉(zhuǎn)換成電能這個(gè)二次能源的工業(yè)，它為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的其他各部門快速、穩(wěn)定發(fā)展提供足夠的動(dòng)力，其發(fā)展水平是反映國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平的重要標(biāo)志。由于電能在工業(yè)及國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要性，電能的輸送和分配是電能應(yīng)用于這些領(lǐng)域不可缺少的組成部分。所以輸送和分配電能是十分重要的一環(huán)。變電所是使電廠或上級(jí)電站經(jīng)過(guò)調(diào)整后的電能書(shū)送給下級(jí)負(fù)荷，是電能輸送的重要部分。其功能運(yùn)行情況、容量大小直接影響下級(jí)負(fù)荷的供電，進(jìn)而影響工業(yè)生產(chǎn)及生活用電。若變電所系統(tǒng)中某一環(huán)節(jié)發(fā)生故障，系統(tǒng)保護(hù)環(huán)節(jié)將動(dòng)作?？赡茉斐赏ｋ姷仁鹿?，給生產(chǎn)生活帶來(lái)很大不利。因此，變電所在整個(gè)電力系統(tǒng)中對(duì)于保護(hù)供電的可靠性、靈敏性等指標(biāo)十分重要。變電所是聯(lián)系發(fā)電廠和用戶的中間環(huán)節(jié)，起著變換和分配電能的作用。根據(jù)變電所任務(wù)的不同，可將變電所分為升壓變電所和降壓變電所兩大類。升壓變電所一般建在發(fā)電廠，降壓變電所一般建立在靠近負(fù)荷中心的低點(diǎn)。根據(jù)電壓等級(jí)還可分為中壓變電所（60千伏及以下）、高壓變電所（110220千伏）、超高壓變電所（330765千伏）和 特高壓變電所（1000千伏及以上）。按其在電力系統(tǒng)中的地位可分為樞紐變電所、中間變電所和終端變電所。這就要求變電所的一次部分經(jīng)濟(jì)合理，二次部分安全可靠，只有這樣變電所才能正常的運(yùn)行工作，為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)服務(wù)。變電所有升壓變電所和降壓變電所兩大類。升壓變電所通常是發(fā)電廠升壓站部分，緊靠發(fā)電廠。降壓變電所通常遠(yuǎn)離發(fā)電廠而靠近負(fù)荷中心。下面的所設(shè)計(jì)得就是10KV降壓變電所。變電所的主要設(shè)備有電力變壓器，母線和開(kāi)關(guān)設(shè)備等。變電所內(nèi)都裝設(shè)有各種保護(hù)裝置，這些保護(hù)裝置是根據(jù)下級(jí)負(fù)荷地短路、最大負(fù)荷等情況來(lái)整定配置的，因此，在發(fā)生類似故障是可根據(jù)具體情況由系統(tǒng)自動(dòng)做出判斷應(yīng)跳閘保護(hù)，并且，現(xiàn)在的跳閘保護(hù)整定時(shí)間已經(jīng)很短，在故障解除后，系統(tǒng)內(nèi)的自動(dòng)重合閘裝置會(huì)迅速和閘恢復(fù)供電。這對(duì)于保護(hù)下級(jí)各負(fù)荷是十分有利的。這樣不僅保護(hù)了各負(fù)荷設(shè)備的安全利于延長(zhǎng)是使用壽命，降低設(shè)備投資，而且提高了供電的可靠性，這對(duì)于提高工農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率是十分有效的。工業(yè)產(chǎn)品的效率提高也就意味著產(chǎn)品成本的降低，市場(chǎng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力增大，進(jìn)而可以使企業(yè)效益提高，為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展做出更大的貢獻(xiàn)。生活用電等領(lǐng)域的供電可靠性，可以提高人民生活質(zhì)量，改善生活條件等。變電所是電力系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)重要組成部分，由電器設(shè)備及配電網(wǎng)絡(luò)按一定的