楊淳竣練習題1.doc

語法知識一、詞類：1、名詞這里強調(diào)兩點：不可數(shù)名詞都默認為單數(shù)，所以總是用is名詞復數(shù)如何加后綴：各種不同情況變化方法例詞一般情況直接加-sbook-books bag-bags cat-cats bed-beds以s. x. sh. ch結尾加-esbus-buses box-boxes brush-brusheswatch-watches peachpeaches glass-glasses以“輔音字母+y”結尾變y為i, 再加-esfamily-families study-studies以“f或fe”結尾變f或fe為v，再加-esknife-knives不規(guī)則名詞復數(shù)man-men woman-women policeman-policemen policewoman-policewomen mouse-mice foot-feet child-children fish-fish Chinese-Chinese2、 人稱代詞和物主代詞人稱代詞物主代詞單數(shù)復數(shù)單數(shù)復數(shù)主格賓格主格賓格形容詞性形容詞性第一人稱I（我）mewe（我們）usmy（我的）our（我們的）第二人稱you（你）youyou（你們）youyour（你的）your（你們的）第三人稱he（他）himthey（他/她/它們）themhis（他的）their（他/她/它們的）she（她）herher（她的）it（它）itit（它的）人稱代詞： 有主格和賓格之分。 一般動詞前用主格，動詞后用賓格。3、指示代詞指近處指遠處單數(shù)this （這個）that （那個）復數(shù)these（這些）those（那些）4、冠詞有a、an、the。a和an的區(qū)別：an用于元音音素（一般就是元音字母a、e、i、o、u）前，a用于輔音音素前。二、否定句：be動詞（am、is、are）+not、情態(tài)動詞can+ not、助動詞（do、does） + not如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為否定句：1、看句中有無be動詞，如有，直接在be動詞后+ not。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，直接在情態(tài)動詞后+ not。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應用助動詞+ not。分四個步驟：（1）肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某物）后，動詞前。（2）確定助動詞用do、does，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does，（3）在助動詞后加not。（4）原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復成原形。強調(diào)一點，有some的要考慮是否要用any。三、一般疑問句。如何將一個肯定的陳述句改為一般疑問句：1、看句中有無be動詞，如有，把be動詞提到句首即可。2、看句中有無情態(tài)動詞，如有，把情態(tài)動詞提到句首即可。3、如上述二者都沒有，就應把助動提到句首。分四個步驟：（1）肯定陳述句中本來是沒有助動詞的，要加上去，位置在主語（某人或某物）后，動詞前。（2）確定助動詞用do還是does，根據(jù)句中動詞，動詞是原形的助動詞就用do，動詞是第三人稱單數(shù)的助動詞就用does（3）把助動詞后提到句首。（4）原句中動詞假如發(fā)生變化就要恢復成原形。強調(diào)一點，有some的要考慮是否要用any。四、特殊疑問句。表示疑問，有疑問詞（在開頭），回答有很多種可能。常用疑問詞： 疑問詞意思用法What time 什么時間問具體時間，如幾點鐘Who誰問人Whose 誰的問主人Where在哪里問地點What 什么問東西、事物What colour什么顏色問顏色How old多大年紀問年紀How many多少數(shù)量（可數(shù)名詞）問數(shù)量How much多少錢；多少數(shù)量（不可數(shù)名詞）問多少錢或數(shù)量（不可數(shù)）五、時態(tài)1、一般現(xiàn)在時（1）一般現(xiàn)在時中的be動詞：一般用原形：am is are am用于第一人稱單數(shù)（I）；is用于第三人稱單數(shù)（he she it和其他人名或稱謂，如：Ben his sister等）；are用于第二人稱單數(shù)（you）和所有復數(shù)（包括第一人稱復數(shù)we、第二人稱復數(shù)you；第三人稱復數(shù)they和其他復數(shù)，如the children 、 his parents等）。（2）一般現(xiàn)在時中的動詞：第一種情況：主語是第三人稱單數(shù)（he she it 和其他，如Helen 、her cousin 等），動詞后一般加s或es。第二種情況：主語不是第三人稱單數(shù)，動詞都用原形。（4）一般現(xiàn)在時判斷依據(jù)（如何判斷一個句子是一般現(xiàn)在時）：be動詞是am、is、are 動詞用原形或加s、es沒有時間狀語或有usually、often、everyday、sometimes等不是具體的時間一、代詞練習題( ) 1. She is a student, _ name is Julia. A. its B. her C. hers D. his( ) 2. Could you help _ with _ English, please. A. I, my B. me, me C. me, my D. my, I( ) 3. A friend of _ came here yesterday. A. my B. his C. him D. himself( ) 4. _ pencil-box is beautiful. But _ is more beautiful than _. A. Toms, my, he B. Toms, mine, his C. Toms, mine, him D. Toms, my, his( ) 5. Most of _ like Chinese food. A. they B. Their C. Them D. theirs( ) 6. Dont you let _ help you? A. I and my friend B. my friend and IC. my friend and me D. my friend and I to( ) 7. How hard _ works! A. we B. him C. he D. his ( ) 8. _ have been chosen. A. I, you and he B. He, you and I C. You, he and I D. You,and me( ) 9. She gave the erasers to Lucy and _. A. I B. me C. my D. mine( ) 10. Thats not _, it is_. I made it _ . A. ours, mine, myself B. your, mine, myself C. yours, her, myself D. yours, my, myself2、 冠詞填空：在下列句中空白處填入適當冠詞，不需用冠詞處劃/1There is _ picture of _ elephant on _ wall 2This is _ useful bookIve read it for _ hour 3_ elephant is much heavier than _ horse 4_ doctor told him to take _ medicine three times _ day 5Lets go out for _ walk 6Its too hotOpen _ door，please 7There is _ woman over there _ woman is Meimeis mother 8 _ sun rises in _ east 9 _ Changjiang River is _ longest river in _ China 10Are you going to do it _ second time？ 三、用( what，who, where, when)填空。1._ is that pretty girl? She is my sister.2._ are Jack and Tom? They are behind you.3._ do you go to school? I go to school from Monday to Friday.4._ has a beautiful flower? John has a beautiful flower.5. A: _ are those? B: Those are peppers(辣椒).6._ is my mother? She is in the living room.7._ are you going? We are going to the bakery(面包坊).8._ do Jim and Wendy play ball? They play ball in the afternoon.9._ does he jog? He jogs in the park.10. A: _ are you doing? B: We are playing basketball.三、把下列句子改為一般疑問句1. He often watches TV._ .2. There is no problem(問題) about it._ .3. My father likes play ping pong._ .4. There are 5 students in the classroom,_ .5. He has some brothers,_ .6. They have Chinese map._ .7. Tom has few apples._ .8. My parents can play tennis_ .9. He is watering the flowers in the park._.10. Joy has a small T-shirt._ .四、一般現(xiàn)在時練習。1. He often _(have) dinner at home.2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One.3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday.4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.5. _ they _(like) the World Cup