Grammar定語從句.ppt

外研版高一年級 必修3 Module6 英語課件 Non restrictiveattributiveclauses非限制性定語從句 Grammar 1 ThepoweroftheYangtzeRiver whichistheworld sthirdlongestriver hasbeenharnessedbytheThreeGorgesDam 世界第三大長河 長江的能量已經(jīng)被三峽大壩轉(zhuǎn)化為了動(dòng)力 Translation 注意定語從句 2 TheThreeGorgesDam whichisthebiggestconstructionprojectinChinasincethebuildingoftheGreatWallandtheGrandCanal hasbeenbuilttocontrolfloodingandprovidehydro electricpowerforthecentralregionofChina 繼長城和大運(yùn)河之后 最大的建筑工程 三峽大壩被建造以控制洪災(zāi)并為華中地區(qū)提供電力 定語從句分為限制性定語從句 restrictive 和非限制性定語從句 non restrictive 兩種 限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞 與先行詞之間一般不加逗號 非限制性定語從句與主句之間通常用逗號分開 1 I mtakingweight losspillscalledFat Less whicharequitepopularamongyoungwomenhere 2 Mymother whomyoumetlastyear keepstellingmenottotakethembecausetheyaredangerous non restrictiveattributiveclauses 3 Thenthedoctorfoundsomeoneinyourcountry whosenameisLiDong wasanexactmatchforme 4 It sthesameinChina manypeople someofwhomarenotoverweightatall arealwaysgoingondietortakingweight losspills whichareoftendangerous Differencesbetweentherestrictiveandnon restrictiveattributiveclauses Lookatthefollowingexamplesandtellthedifferencesbetweenthesentences Discussion 1 Hisfather whoworksinBeijing camebackyesterday 2 Shanghai whichisinEastChina isdevelopingquickly Example1 Conclusion1 當(dāng)先行詞是地名 人名 世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物或家庭唯一成員時(shí) 通常只用非限制性定語從句修飾 1 Ihaveasisterwho thatworksinahospital 我有一位在醫(yī)院工作的姐姐 2 Ihaveasister whoworksinahospital 我有一位姐姐 她在醫(yī)院工作 Example2 不只一位姐姐 只有一位姐姐 3 Themagazinesherewhich thathavenicepicturesinthemwerewrittenbyhim 里面有漂亮圖畫的那些雜志是他寫的 4 Themagazineshere whichhavenicepicturesinthem werewrittenbyhim 所有的雜志都是他寫的 里面都有漂亮的圖畫 雜志有兩類 雜志只有一類 Conclusion2 1 限制性定語從句與先行詞關(guān)系密切 是先行詞不可缺少的部分 如果去掉它 主句意思往往不明確 2 非限制性定語從句是對先行詞的補(bǔ)充或說明 去掉它也不會影響主句的意思 Thisisthehouse which that weboughtlastmonth 這是我們上個(gè)月買的那幢房子 2 Thehouse whichweboughtlastmonth isverynice 這房子很漂亮 是我們上個(gè)月買的 Example3 限制性定語從句 非限制性定語從句 3 HeseemsnottohavegraspedwhatImeant whichgreatlyupsetsme 他似乎沒領(lǐng)會我的意思 這使我心煩 非限制性定語從句 Conclusion3 1 限制性定語從句可以由關(guān)系代詞 關(guān)系副詞來引導(dǎo) 關(guān)系代詞作賓語時(shí)可以省略 2 非限制性定語從句既可修飾先行詞 又可修飾整個(gè)主句 不可用that引導(dǎo)且關(guān)系代詞不可以省略 1 Thefamousbasketballstar comesfromAmerica willvisitourschoolsoon 2 Inthosedays sheusedtogotoMrblack with shehadawonderfultime 3 Iboughtacaryesterday costmealot which whom who Practice 4 Xi an Ivisitedlastyear isaniceoldcity 5 HewillcometoseemenextJuly hewon tbesobusy 6 Theschool Ioncestudied wasbuiltthirtyyearsago which where when 7 Johnsaidhe dbeenworkingintheofficeforanhour wastrue 8 weallknow heisgoodatEnglish As which 非限制性定語從句考點(diǎn)歸納 as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 代替整個(gè)主句 1 Aseveryoneknows Chinaisacountrywithalonghistory 眾所周知 中國是一個(gè)歷史悠久的國家 Example 2 Sheisateacher asisclearfromhermanner 她是個(gè)教師 這一點(diǎn)從她的舉止可以清楚地看出 3 Hemissedtheshow whichwasreallyagreatpity 他錯(cuò)過了演出 這真是很大的遺憾 4 Heinvitedmetodinner whichmademeveryhappy 他請我吃飯 這使我很高興 Conclusion 1 as和which在引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句時(shí) as和which可代替整個(gè)主句 相當(dāng)于andthis或andthat 這兩個(gè)關(guān)系代詞都可指代主句所表達(dá)的整個(gè)意思 且在定語從句中都可以作主語和賓語 2 as和which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句的不同之處在于 1 as引導(dǎo)的定語從句可置于句首 而which引導(dǎo)的定語從句不可放在句首 2 as代表前面的整個(gè)主句并在從句中作主語時(shí) 從句中的謂語必須是系動(dòng)詞 若從句中的謂語為行為動(dòng)詞 則從句中的關(guān)系代詞只能用which 另外 as引導(dǎo)非限制性從句 常帶有 正如 的意思 Practice Alicereceivedaninvitationfromherboss cameasasurprise 2 Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood wasmorethanwecouldexpect 3 isexpected theEnglandteamwonthefootballmatch As which which 4 Itrainedhardyesterday preventedmefromgoingtothepark 5 wecansee thesmokecamefromthelittledustbin which As II all some of whom which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句 Example Hehastoldusmanystories allofwhichareaboutthefamousLongMatch 2 ThestudentsofClass1 someofwhomcamefromJapan wentcampingyesterday Conclusion 在非限制性定語從句中 一些表達(dá)數(shù)量或定位的數(shù)詞或代詞如all some one both neither none any either any等可與of構(gòu)成介詞詞組修飾限制先行詞 此時(shí)先行詞在其后的定語從句中作介詞的賓語 關(guān)系代詞不可用that 如先行詞指人則用whom 如先行詞指物則用which引導(dǎo)從句 1 Manystudentsinthisschool someofwhicharenotoverweight aregoingondiets 2 Thereare54studentsinmyclassandtenofwhomcomefromUS whom Correction them 3 Halfamillionpairsofshoesareproducedbytheworkershereeveryyear 80 ofwhomaresoldabroad 4 Ihavemanyfriendsinthistown someofwhicharebusinessman 5 Iamdoingdifferenttypesofexercises allofthemarequitehelpfultomyhealth which which或all前加and whom Practicetime Helenwasmuchkindertoheryoungestsonthantotheothers ofcourse madetheothersenvyhim A whoB thatC whatD which 2 TheEnglishplay mystudentsactedattheNewYear sparty wasagreatsuccess A forwhichB atwhichC inwhichD onwhich 3 Thereweredirtymarksonhertrousers shehadwipedherhands A whereB whichC whenD that4 Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinthatschool Itisnolongerwhatitwas20yearsago itwassopoorlyequipped A whenB whichC whatD that 5 TheBritisharenotsofamiliarwithdifferentculturesandotherwaysofdoingthings isoftenthecaseinothercountries A itB thatC asD so 6 RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase wasveryreasonable A whichpriceB thepriceofwhichC itspriceD thepriceofwhose 7 Mr SmithwillmoveintohisnewhousenextSunday itwillbecompletelyfinished A bythetimeB onthattimeC onwhichD bywhichtime8 Haveyouseenthefilm Titanic leadingactorisworld famous A itsB it sC whoseD which 9 Isthereadepartmentstorearound Icangetabirthdaypresentformydaughter Yes justacrossthestreet A hereBwhichC whereD it10 JiuzhaigouValleyisamostfamousplaceofinterest Iwillneverforgetinmylife A itB thatC oneD what 1 Thisisoneofthemostinterestingfilms shownlastweek Thisistheveryoneofthemostinterestingfilms shownlastweek A whichwasB thatwasC whichwereD thatwere B D Comparison 2 Hehastwosons arecollegestudents Hehastwosons and arecollegestudents A bothofwhichB bothofwhomC bothofthemD bothofit C B 3 Hestilllivesintheroom windowfacestotheeast Hestilllivesintheroom thewindow facestotheeast Hestilllivesintheroom isinthenorthofthecity Hestilllivesintheroom thereisabeautifultable A whichB whoseC whereD ofwhich