八年級英語下冊 Unit 10 I’ve had this bike for three years Section A 1（1a2d）課件 （新版）人教新目標(biāo)版.ppt

unit10i vehadthisbikeforthreeyears sectiona11a 2d newwords yardsale庭院舊貨出售這是國外的一種風(fēng)俗 也是一種獨特的售貨方式 人們利用周末 將家中擱置不用的物件 放在自家庭院中廉價出售 因而被稱作yardsale 也可譯作 家庭拍賣會 庭院售賣的物品種類繁多 大到家具 電器 小到玩具 衣物和鞋帽 這些物品雖多數(shù)為二手家什 但也有全新的物品 且價格合理公道 甚至還可討價還價 正是這種低廉 公道的價格及買家淘寶和碰大運的心理 使得yardsale廣受歡迎 逐漸演變成一種獨特的文化現(xiàn)象 toybear玩具熊 breadmaker面包機(jī) scarfn 圍巾復(fù)數(shù)為 scarves softtoys毛絨玩具 boardgames棋類游戲 1alookatthethingsattheyardsale doyouhaveanyofthesethingsathome howlonghaveyouhadthem pairwork toytiger toylion toybear doyouhavethemathome howlonghaveyouhadthe ihavehad for years since yearsago lamp oldbooks cup howlonghaveyouhadthe ihavehad for years since yearsago magazine cap vase howlonghaveyouhadthe ihavehad for years since yearsago sweater dress scarf howlonghaveyouhadthe ihavehad for years since yearsago 1blistenandcheck thefactsyouhear jeff sfamilyishavingayardsale amythinksit shardtosellheroldthings jeffhashadhisbikeformorethan10years amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories youcanalsogiveoldthingsawaytopeopleinneed listening 1cpracticetheconversation thenmakeconversationsaboutotherthingsinthepictureonpage73 a thisisareallyoldbook b yes i vehaditforsevenyears i vereaditthreetimes a whyareyousellingit b becauseidon treaditanymore a howmuchisit b youcanhaveitfor75cents anymore也可寫作anymore 常用于否定句末尾 表示 再也 不 不 再 相當(dāng)于not anylonger e g youcanhaveit foridon tneeditanymore thedoctortoldmenottoplaycomputergamesanymore 2alistenandcheck thethingsamy sfamilyaregivingawayandcirclethethingstheyarekeeping bookmagazinetoybeartoyliontoytigerbreadmakersweaterdresshatscarf 2blistenagainandfillintheblanks 1 amyhashadherfavorite forthreeyears 2 amyhashadtheboy sinceshewasa 3 amy smomhashadtheoldbreadformorethan years 4 amycangiveawaythe and becausetheydonotfitheranymore book bear baby 10 sweater dress listenagainandchoosethecorrectanswers 1 amywantstogiveawaythe a bookb magazinec beard hat2 whydoesthebearhasspecialmeaningtoamy a becauseherfatherboughtitforher b becausehergrandpaboughtforher c becausehergrandmaboughtforher b c 3 wherecanamytakethesethings a thechildren shomeb theoldpeople shomec theteachers home a 2cstudentsaisamy smom studentbisamy makeconversations a amy canwegiveawaythesesofttoys b mom iwanttokeepthebear a why it ssoold b becausei vehaditsinceiwasababy pairwork linda welcometosunshinehomeforchildren i mlinda amy hi i mamy ihavesomethingsforthekids i vehadthismagazineforacoupeofmonths thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold butthey restillinteresting linda great manychildrenherelovereading amy andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids i vehadthemsinceiwasachild there salsoasweaterandadress 2drole playtheconversation linda perfect wealwaysneedtoysandclothes amy onelastthingisabreadmaker mymom shaditforalongtimebutitstillworks linda thankssomuch howlong howsoon howoften howfarhowlong多久 多長 時間 對時間段提問 如 for 時間段 since 過去的時間點 e g howlonghaveyouworkedinbeijing forfiveyears 1 howlonghaveyouhadthatbikethere ihavehaditforthreeyears languagepoints howsoon多久以后 對 in 時間段提問 常用于一般將來時 其答語常用 in 時間段 e g howsoonwillmr libeback inaweek howoften多久一次 對頻率提問 其答語為 once twice 時間段 always usually等 e g howoftendoyouexercise onceaday howfar多遠(yuǎn) 對距離提問 其答語是表距離的內(nèi)容 e g howfarisitfromheretoyourschool threekilometers for其后只能接表示 一段時間 的名詞性短語 可用于多種時態(tài) 表示動作或狀態(tài)持續(xù)時間段長短 e g ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears 我在這座城市居住了5年了 heusuallysleepsfortwelvehourseveryday 他通常每天睡12個小時 for與since since其后接表示 時間點 的短語或從句 過去時 也可以接 一段時間 ago 常用于完成時態(tài) 還用于句型 itis 時間段 since 一般過去時的句子 表示過去某個時間發(fā)生并持續(xù)到說話時的動作或狀態(tài) e g itistwoyearssinceicametochina 自從我到中國以來已經(jīng)兩年了 shehasworkedhereforfiveyears shehasworkedheresincefiveyearsago 她在這兒工作5年了 sale用作名詞 意為 出售 銷售 onsale意為 出售 上市 forsale意為 待售 供出售 尤指從主人手里出售 e g chickensareonsaleinthemarket 小雞在市場上出售 i msorry it snotforsale 抱歉 它不出售 2 jeff sfamilyishavingayardsale it s adj forsb todosth 意為 對某人來說 做某事是 的 it是形式主語 真正主語是后面的動詞不定式 e g it simportantforustolearnenglishwell 學(xué)好英語對于我們來說是很重要的 3 amythinksit shardtosellheroldthings 艾米認(rèn)為賣掉她的舊東西很難 4 amywantstokeepheroldthingsbecausetheybringbacksweetmemories 艾米想保留她的舊東西 因為它們勾起她的甜蜜回憶 memory作名詞意為 記憶 回憶 復(fù)數(shù)形式為memories 動詞為memorize 意為 記憶 背誦 e g shehasagoodmemory 她記憶力好 5 i vehadthismagazineforacoupleofmonths 這本雜志我買了幾個月了 acoupleof表示具體的數(shù)量 兩個 指兩個相同的人或物體 表示數(shù)量不定的 少數(shù)幾個 作這種虛指的用法時 具體意思往往視上下文和具體的語境而決定 e g youhavetowaitforacoupleofhoursfortheclothestodrycompletely 你得等上一兩個小時讓這些衣服完全晾干 abit意為 一點兒 稍微 修飾形容詞或副詞 相當(dāng)于alittle abitof 不可數(shù)名詞 alittle直接加不可數(shù)名詞 e g thereisabitof alittlewaterinthebottle 瓶子里有點兒水 6 thestoriesinsidemaybeabitold butthey restillinteresting notabit notatall意為 一點也不 notalittle very意為 非常 e g sheisnotabithappy 她一點兒也不快樂 heisnotalittletired heisverytired 他非常累 check用作及物動詞 意為 檢查 審查 checkout意為 察看 觀察 e g ifyoufinishit checkitbyyourselffirst 如果你完成了 就自己先檢查一下 checkoutallthebooksforchildren 察看一下所有的兒童書籍 check還可用作名詞 意為 支票 賬單 7 andcheckoutthesesofttoysandboardgamesforyoungerkids 1 haveyoubeenmarried fortwentyyears a howfarb howoftenc howlongd howsoon2 ifyousitinachair alongtime yourbackmaybegintohurt a atb inc ond for 中考鏈接 c d 3 ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch you dbetternot it sbadforyou toomuchjunkfood a eatb toeatc eatingd ate b writeaconversationaccordingto2c unit10i vehadthisbikeforthreeyears sectiona23a 3c bedroomn 臥室 railwayn 鐵路 鐵道 newwords junioradj 地位 或職位 級別 低下的juniorhighschool初級中學(xué)e g wecouldgivethejobtosomebodyjunior 我們可以把這份工作交給職位較低的人 ownv 擁有 有e g mosthouseholdsnowownatleastonecar 大多數(shù)家庭現(xiàn)在至少有一輛汽車 truthfuladj 誠實的 老實的e g hewasnotalwaystruthful 他并非總是說真話 readthearticlewrittenbyafatherforanewspaper whatishisfamilygoingtosellattheyardsale son atrainandrailwaysetthetoymonkeydaughter certaintoysfather footballshirts 3a fastreading readthepassageandchoosetrue t orfalse f 1 mydaughteris15andmyboyhasalreadystartedjuniorhighschool 2 ourhousereallygetsmaller f f carefulreading 3 mysonwasquitesadatfirst 4 mydaughterfelthappytopartwithcertaintoys 5 iwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts f t t readthearticleagainandanswerthequestions 3b 1 whydidtheydecidetohaveayardsale 2 whatdotheywanttodowiththemoneyfromthesale becausethefather schildrengetbiggerandtheirhouseseemstogetsmaller theywanttogivethemoneytoachildren shome 3 whydoesthesonwanttokeephistrainandrailwayset 4 howcantheoldtoysbeusefulagain becausehehasowneditsincehisfourthbirthday andheplayedwithitalmosteveryweekuntilhewasaboutseven theycanbesoldtothepeoplewhoneedthem 5 haveyoueverthoughtabouthavingayardsaletosellyourthings whatwouldyoudowiththemoneyyouraise yes ihave iwouldgiveittothecharity 1 wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms clearv 清理 清除clearout清理 丟掉e g i llclearoutthatclosetforyou 我要替你把那個小衣櫥清理出來 languagepoints 2 wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse nolonger意為 不再 不復(fù) 有時可用not anylonger或not anymore替換 如 henolongerliveshere hedoesn tlivehereanymore anylonger 他不再住這兒了 1 certainadj 意為 某種 某事 某人 e g hedecidedtosellhiscertainbooks 他決定賣掉他的某些書籍 拓展 certain形容詞 意為 確實的 無疑的 3 mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys 常用結(jié)構(gòu) becertaintodosth 肯定要做某事becertainof aboutsth 對某事確定 有把握becertainofdoingsth 有把握做某事becertain 從句一定 e g hefeltquitecertainofsuccess 他對成功很有把握 2 partwith放棄 交出 partv 離開 分開e g don tpartwithyourdream 不要放棄你的夢想 4 asforme ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts but tobehonest ihavenotplayedforawhilenow 1 asfor至于 關(guān)于e g andasforus wearefortunate 可對我們來說 我們是幸運的 2 tobehonest意為 說實在的 說實話 經(jīng)常單獨使用 作插入語 用逗號與句子隔開 類似的表達(dá)還有totellthetruth 老實說 說實話 e g tobehonest sheisnotanhonestgirl 說實話 她不是一個誠實的女孩 honest為形容詞 意為 誠實的 老實的 反義詞為dishonest 不誠實的 e g anhonestmandoesnottelllies 誠實的人不會說謊 3 whilen 一段時間 一會兒while還可用作連詞 引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句 意為 當(dāng) 的時候 while引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句中的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞 e g theychatteredawayhappilyforawhile 他們高興地閑扯了一會兒 hekeptintouchwithuswhilehewasonvacation 他在度假期間仍與我們保持聯(lián)系 findthewordsorphrasesinthearticlewhichcanbereplacedwiththeonesbelowandwritethemnexttothewords lose partwithkids truthful many sometime eventhough quickly older children tobehonest alotof although fast bigger awhile 3c exercise 1 mybestfriendtomis honestboy youcanbelievehim a ab anc thed 2 ismr smithstillinshanghai yes he therefortwomonths a hasbeenb hasgonec hasbeentod hasgoneto exercises recitethearticle youcanusethesentencesaccordingtothekeysof3b homework unit10i vehadthisbikeforthreeyears sectiona3grammarfocus 4c 1 howlonghaveyouhadthatbikeoverthere i vehaditforthreeyears 2 howlonghashissonownedthetrainandrailwayset he sowneditsincehisfourthbirthday 3 haveyoueverplayedfootball yes ididwheniwaslittle butihaven tplayedforawhilenow 表示從過去已經(jīng)開始持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動作或狀態(tài) 可以和表示 從過去某一時刻延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的一段時間狀語 連用 如 for 時間段 since 過去時間點 since 過去時的從句 since 一段時間 ago 且for與since引導(dǎo)的時間狀語可以相互轉(zhuǎn)換 presentperfecttense 現(xiàn)在完成時 e g myunclehasworkedatthisfactoryfortenyears myunclehasworkedatthisfactorysincetenyearago i velivedheresince1990 自從1990年以來我就住在這里 ihaven tseenhimforthreeyears 我三年沒有看見他了 含有for since的現(xiàn)在完成時的用法歌訣 過去的動作或狀態(tài) 一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在 for since把時間帶 歌訣 she sbeenatthisschoolsincefiveyearsago 自從五年前以來她就在這個學(xué)校 此種用法中表示持續(xù)性的動作或狀態(tài)的動詞必須是延續(xù)性動詞 否定句除外 1 這本書我買了5年了 ihaveboughtthebookforfiveyears i vehadthebookforfiveyears 句中動詞的特點 2 你哥哥參軍多長時間了 howlonghasyourbrotherjoinedthearmy howlonghasyourbrotherbeeninthearmy beenasoldier 1 轉(zhuǎn)換為相應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動詞 用于現(xiàn)在完成時 borrow keepbuy haveputon wearcatchacold haveacoldgettoknow knowgettosleep sleep 非延續(xù)性動詞和延續(xù)性動詞之間的轉(zhuǎn)換 2 轉(zhuǎn)化為 be 形容詞 副詞 介詞 名詞 begin start beongoout beoutclose beclosedopen beopengetto arrive reach be in die bedeadleave beaway finish beoverfallsleep beasleepjoin bein beamemberofbecome bemakefriends befriendscome go be 相應(yīng)的介詞短語 1 she thisbookfornearlythreeweeks a hasborrowedb haslentc hasboughtd haskept2 tenyearshaspassed thecctveventpeoplewhomovedchinatookplacein2002 a whenb whilec befored since exercises 4a rewritethesentencesusingfororsince jimisinjapan hearrivedtherethreedaysago 2 theyareveryhungry theirlastmealwastenhoursago theyhavebeenhungryfortenhours sincetenhoursago jimhasbeeninjapanforthreeyears 3 ihaveacamera iboughtitin2009 4 iknowanna ifirstmetherthreeyearsago 5 lindaisill shebecameillonmonday ihavehadacamerasince2009 ihaveknownannforthreeyears sincethreeyearsago lindahasbeenillsincemonday 4b fillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets i neverbe tothewaterparkbefore iwantto go nextmonthbeforetheweathergetstoocold 2 they neverown anypets butthey alwayswant tohaveadog haveneverbeen go haveneverowned alwayswant 3 we have apianosincelastnovember we buy itfromthelifamilywhentheymovedtotheuslastyear 4 cathyandamy notbe backtotheirhometownfortwoyears they miss theirhometownalotandhopetovisittheplacenextyear havehad bought haven tbeen miss 5 thismuseum be hereforover20years it be oneoftheoldestbuildingsinthissmalltown hasbeen is 4c fillinthequestionsandasktwostudents thencompletethechart 1 doyouhavea n howlonghaveyouhadit 2 doyouowna n howlonghaveyouownedit unit10i vehadthisbikeforthreeyears sectionb11a 2d talkaboutyourhometown whereisyourhometown doyoulikeyourhometown whataresomeofthespecialplacesinyourhometown warmimgup 1acheck theplacesorthingsyoucanfindinyourtownorcity amuseum aprimaryschool abridge azoo apark ahill alibrary ariver groupwork listenandanswerthequestions 1 doesmartinlikejenny shometown 2 doesjennystillliveinherhometown 3 whatisbehindthesciencemuseum whatdopeopledothereonweekends 1b yes hedoes no shedoesn t abigpark peoplegotheretolettheirkidsrunaroundandclimbthehills listening listenagainandfillinthechartabouttheplacesinjenny shometown 1c old forhundredsofyears new sincelastaugust old foraslongasjennycanremember talkaboutyourtown citywithapartner a mycityislovely b whataresomeofthespecialplacesthere a well there saconcerthallthere it sbeenaroundforatleast20years 1d groupwork howoftendoyouvisityourhometown whatarethechangesinyourhometown warmimgup answerthequestionsbeforeyouread thenreadthepassagetofindoutifyouranswersarethesameasinthepassage 2acarefulreading 1 whydomillionsofchineseleavethecountrysideeveryyear 2 howoftendoyouthinkthesepeoplevisittheirhometowns 3 whatnewbuildingsdoesthegovernmentusuallybuildintownsandvillages tosearchforworkincities ithinktheyvisittheirhometownsonceortwiceayear largehospitalsandnewschools findexpressionsinthepassagethathavethesamemeaningsasthesewordsandphrases 1 lookfor 5 goback 2 consider 6 changes 3 acrossfrom 7 area 4 inone sopinion 2b searchfor regard opposite accordingto return developments place completethesummarywithwordsfromthepassage youmayneedtochangetheformsofthewords manychinesepeoplethesedaysleavetheir toworkin theyusually totheirhometownoneortwotimesa zhongweihasn tbeenbackinclosetothreeyears hehasbeenworkingina factoryinwenzhouforthepast13years 2c hometown cities return year crayon exercise peoplelikehimare inhowtheirhometownsarechanging newbuildingsareoftenbuiltbythe zhongweithinksthesechangesare becausethingsneedtochangeinordertobecomebetter buthealsothinkssomethings change andhishometownisstilltheplacethatholdsallhischildhood interested government good willnever memories thinkofchangesthathappeninginyourtownorcitytoday whichchangesaregenerallygood whichchangescouldbeseenasbad 2d groupwork search作不及物動詞時 意為 搜索 搜查 短語searchfor意為 搜尋 找尋 e g heissearchingforhissunglasses 他正在找他的太陽鏡 1 nowadays millionsofchineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities langugepoints 拓展 作及物動詞 意為 在 搜查 或 搜查 e g theysearchedtheforestforthelostchild 他們在森林里尋找那個走失的小孩 amongprep 在三者或三者以上之間e g tomsitsamongthestudents 湯姆坐在學(xué)生之間 betweenprep 在兩者之間e g tomsitsbetweenmaryandfrank 湯姆坐在瑪麗和弗蘭克之間 among與between 2 amongtheseiszhangwei a46 year oldhusbandandfather a46 year oldhusbandandfather意為 一位46歲的丈夫和父親 相當(dāng)于ahusbandandfatherof46yearsold four year old是一個復(fù)合形容詞 特點 一是數(shù)詞 名詞 形容詞之間要用連字符連接 二是數(shù)詞后的名詞用單數(shù)形式 復(fù)合形容詞 e g tomisa10 year oldboy tomisaboyof10yearsold 湯姆是一個10歲的男孩 lilyisan8 year oldgirl 莉莉是一個8歲的女孩 拓展 另一種類似的復(fù)合形容詞作定語的結(jié)構(gòu)是 數(shù)詞 連字符 名詞 或數(shù)詞 名詞的所有格 e g atwo monthholiday atwomonths holiday一個為期兩個月的假期 ten minutewalk drive ride tenminutes walk drive ride步行 開車 騎車10分鐘的路程 shame不可數(shù)名詞 意為 羞恥 羞愧 慚愧 與a連用 表示 可恥的人或事 可惜 遺憾 的事 e g hefeltnoshameforwhathehaddone 他不對自己所做過的事感到羞愧 3 it sashame butijustdon thavethetime it sashame that youcan tstayfordinner 你不能留下來吃晚飯 真遺憾 拓展 相關(guān)短語 toone sshame令人感到羞愧的是feelshameat 因 而感到羞愧inshame羞愧的havenoshame無羞恥心 regard及物動詞 意為 將 認(rèn)為 把 視為 常用短語regard as 意為 將 視為 把 當(dāng)做 as為介詞 其后接名詞或代詞 4 manypeoplelikezhongweiregardwithgreatinteresthowtheirhometownshavechanged e g iregardyouasmybestfriend 我把你當(dāng)做我最好的朋友 weregardhimasourbrother 我們把他當(dāng)成兄弟看待 century可數(shù)名詞 意為 世紀(jì) 百年 其復(fù)數(shù)形式為centuries e g themid 20thcentury20世紀(jì)中期eighteenth centurywriter18世紀(jì)的作家ahundredyearsisacentury 一百年是一個世紀(jì) 5 childrenhavelearnedtoreadandcountatmyoldprimaryschoolsincethemid 20thcentury accordingto意為 依照 按照 to為介詞 后接名詞 代詞或從句 e g hedividedthemintothreegroupsaccordingtoage 他把他們按年齡分成三組 6 accordingtozhongwei however somethingswillneverchange especially副詞 意為 尤其 特別 格外 在句中作狀語 用于列舉某個特例或某事物的特殊性 形容詞especial 特別的 特殊的 e g flowersarealwayswelcomed especiallyinwinter 鮮花總是受到歡迎 尤其是冬天 7 mostofthechildreninmytimelikedtoplaytogetherunderthatbigtree especiallyduringthesummerholidays 8 consider動詞 意為 考慮 thinkabout 后跟名詞 代詞 動名詞 賓語從句或 疑問詞 不定式 e g pleaseconsidermysuggestion 請考慮我的建議 iamconsideringchangingmyjob 我正在考慮換份工作 hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem 他從未考慮過如何解決那個問題 拓展 在與動詞連用時 只能用動名詞形式的動詞或短語有 consider 考慮 enjoy 喜愛 practice 練習(xí) keep on 繼續(xù) 一直 mind 介意 finish 完成 havefun 高興 feellike 想要 lookforwardto 盼望 can thelp 禁不住 giveup 放棄 歌訣 喜歡錯過別介意 完成愉快勤練習(xí) 禁不住考慮想放棄 9 inmyopinioninone sopinion intheopinionofsb 意為 依 看 e g inmyopinion it sbesttomakesomecardsforourteachers 依我看 最好給我們的老師做些卡片 10 hold及物動詞 意為 擁有 抓住 過去式和過去分詞均為held e g heholdsamajorshareinthecompany 他持有該公司的大部分股份 heisholdingabookinherhand 她手里正拿著一本書 拓展 hold用作及物動詞 還可意為 舉行 主持 相當(dāng)于havee g theywillholdameetingtodiscussthisproblemtomorrow 他們明天會舉行一場會議討論這個問題 單項選擇1 idon tbelievethatthis boycanpaintsuchanicepicture a fiveyearsoldb five years oldc five year old2 according mr wang we llgoonatripthisweekend a inb toc atd for 達(dá)標(biāo)練習(xí) c b 3 look she sstanding thetenchildren a amongb betweenc ofd from4 jackiechanhasdonated dollarstocharity heisanexampletousall a thousandb thousandsc thousandofd thousandsof a d 5 canyougivemesomeinformationaboutvacationtrips whynot goingtohainanisland a considerb mindc keepd think6 didyougotokenliduringthepeachblossomfestival 桃花節(jié) yes theflowerswerebeautiful beeswereflying them a inb amongc betweend through a b 7 nowadaysmillionsofchineseleavethecountrysideto fortheworkincities a lookedb searchc findd see8 mr jack chinaforseveralyears a hasbeentob hascometoc hasbeenind cameto b c writesomethingaboutchangesthatarehappeninginyourhometown youcanusesomesentencesin2d homework sectionb23a selfcheck 1 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