托福滿分作文慣用的4種結(jié)尾.docx

智課網(wǎng)TOEFL備考資料托福滿分作文慣用的4種結(jié)尾 摘要： 一篇讓托福寫作考官滿意的作文，不光要有一個(gè)漂亮的開頭，一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾對(duì)于這篇文章而言同樣重要。有不少的考生認(rèn)為，只要有好的開頭就好，考官不會(huì)認(rèn)真看結(jié)尾部分。其實(shí)你錯(cuò)了，寫作也一樣需要善始善終。有一個(gè)精彩的結(jié)尾也能讓你的托福寫作增色不少。如果你想要明天考試托福寫作滿分，不妨嘗試一下以下4種結(jié)尾招式。 滿分作文慣用的4種結(jié)尾： 寫作招式一：回答問題 E.g.1 When a country develops its technology; the traditional skills and ways of life die out.It is pointless to try and keep them alive. To what extent do you agree or disagree with this opinion? In conclusion, without suggesting that all technology is necessarily good,I think it is by no means pointless,in any way, to try to keep traditions alive with technology.We should not ignore technology,because it can be our friend and support our way of life. 這個(gè)結(jié)尾段落明確地提出了自己的觀點(diǎn)，不是所有的科技都是好的，但是科技也不是完全沒有用處的。 寫作招式二：不要添加新的信息 E.g.2 Happiness is considered to be very important in life.Why is it difficult to define? What factors are important in achieving happiness?Like self-awareness，this is also very difficult to achievebut I think these are the two factors that may be the most important for achieving happiness. 用一句話明確自己的觀點(diǎn)，幸福很難定義，可能有兩個(gè)因素起到作用。 廣告時(shí)間：參加馬叔 托福 保分班的童鞋，9月5日的保分成績出來啦想考100+的寶寶們，還不快快入群 寫作招式三：2-3個(gè)句子為宜 E.g.3 Some people believe that childrens leisure activities must be educational; otherwise they are a complete waste of time.Do you agree or disagree?Finally,I think it is also important to remember that children need to relax as well as work.If everything they do must have some educational or academic relevance,then they will soon get tired of studying altogether,which is the last thing parents would want. 兩句話，作者的態(tài)度很明確，學(xué)生不可能花所有的時(shí)間去學(xué)習(xí)，否則就會(huì)完全失去對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)的興趣，所以也應(yīng)該給學(xué)生一些放松的時(shí)間。一般在結(jié)尾段的最開始部分，考生就應(yīng)該給考官一個(gè)明確的信號(hào)詞，讓考官了解文章已經(jīng)進(jìn)入尾聲了。 這里所謂的信號(hào)詞就是一些結(jié)尾段的套句：信號(hào)詞：Finally，to sum up，in conclusion，in brief，therefore，thus，overall句型： 1. it can be concluded that 2. we can find that 3. I think it is also important to remember that 4. the main point is to make sure that 5. I believe that/ Personally， I think that/ I would say that/ I agree that/ My view is that 寫作招式四：可采用的技巧 1.總結(jié)式(重述前文)把在前文中的觀點(diǎn)在結(jié)尾段進(jìn)行重述，但是不能出現(xiàn)與開頭段或者題目中的單詞重復(fù)。 E.g.4 *In many countries schools have severe problems with student behaviour. What do you think are the cause of this? What solutions can you suggest? Perhaps parenting classes are needed to help them to do this,and high quality nursery schools could be established that would support families more in terms of raising the next generation.The government should fund this kind of parental support,because this is no longer a problem for individual families,but for society as a whole. 把solutions進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單地再次描寫父母、好的托兒所、政府的資金扶助。 *Nowadays we are producing more and more rubbish.Why do you think this is happening? What can governments do to help reduce the amount of rubbish produced? I think,therefore,that governments need to raise this awareness in the generalpublic.Children can be educated about environmental issues at school,but adults need to take action.Governments can encourage such action by putting taxes on packaging,such as plastic bags,by providing recycling services and by fining households and shops that do not attempt to recycle their waste. 重述上文的內(nèi)容，由政府采取措施提高意識(shí)(children & adult)具體措施(提高價(jià)格、循環(huán)利用、罰款) 2.兩分式把文章涉及到的主題人或者物分成兩種，對(duì)其進(jìn)行分別說明。 E.g.5 *In many countries children are engaged in some kind of paid work.Some people regard this ad completely wrong,while others consider it as valuable work experience,important for learning and taking responsibility.What are your opinions on this? Nevertheless,in better economic circumstances,few parents would choose to send their children out to full-time paid work.If learning responsibilities and work experienceare considered to be important,then children can acquire these by having light,part-time jobs or even doing tasks such as helping their parents around the family home,which are unpaid,but undoubtedly of value in childrens development。 對(duì)于有錢的家庭而言，家長很少送小孩去做童工;如果是為了錢或者其他，可做兼職。 *Some people prefer to spend their lives doing the same things and avoiding change.Others,however,think that change is always a good thing.Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.In conclusion,I would say that change can be stimulating and energizing for individuals when they pursue it themselves,but that all change,including that which is imposed on people,does not necessarily have good outcomes. 如果是人們自己的選擇那么改變是一件好的事情，但如果是被強(qiáng)加于身，改變則不會(huì)帶來任何可喜的效果。 3.折中式：很難判斷In conclusion，I do not think其中到底誰占據(jù)主導(dǎo)地位，或者什么是最重要的，兩者是缺一不可的，需共同存在。 E.g.6 Research indicates that the characteristics we are born with have much more influence on our personality and development than any experiences we may have in our life. That either nature or nurture is the major influence on a person,but that both have powerful effects.How these factors interact is still unknown today and they remain largely unpredictable in a persons life. 兩者是缺一不可的，天賦和后天培養(yǎng)同等重要。 另外， 托福寫作 中常常會(huì)犯一些明顯的錯(cuò)誤。往往這些錯(cuò)誤會(huì)是我們分?jǐn)?shù)偏低的致命因素，我們最不該犯的錯(cuò)誤就是大眾都會(huì)犯的錯(cuò)誤，錯(cuò)了，那就說明我們并沒有自己獨(dú)特的領(lǐng)悟能力!要謹(jǐn)記，問題雖簡(jiǎn)單，切不可掉以輕心。接下來馬叔就為大家收集整理托福寫作考試中常易犯的十個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。 1、不一致(Disagreements) 所謂不一致不光指主謂不一致，它還包括了數(shù)的不一致時(shí)態(tài)不一致及代詞不一致等。 例1. When one have money, he can do what he want to. (人一旦有了錢，他就能想干什么就干什么。) 剖析：one是單數(shù)第三人稱，因而本句的have應(yīng)改為has;同理want應(yīng)改為wants。本句是典型的主謂不一致。 改為：Once one has money, he can do what he wants(to do). 2、修飾語錯(cuò)位(Misplaced Modifiers) 英語與漢語不同，同一個(gè)修飾語置于句子不同的位置，句子的含義可能引起變化。對(duì)于這一點(diǎn)中國學(xué)生往往沒有引起足夠的重視，因而造成了不必要的誤解。 例1. I believe I can do it well and I will better know the world outside the campus. 剖析：better位置不當(dāng)，應(yīng)置于句末。 3、句子不完整(Sentence Fragments) 在口語中，交際雙方可借助手勢(shì)語氣上下文等，不完整的句子完全可以被理解?？墒菚嬲Z就不同了，句子結(jié)構(gòu)不完整會(huì)令意思表達(dá)不清，這種情況常常發(fā)生在主句寫完以后，筆者又想加些補(bǔ)充說明時(shí)發(fā)生。 例1. There are many ways to know the society. For example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on. 剖析：本句后半部分“for example by TV, radio, newspaper and so on.”不是一個(gè)完整的句子，僅為一些不連貫的詞語，不能獨(dú)立成句。 改為：There are many ways to know society, for example, by TV, radio, and newspaper. 4、懸垂修飾語(Dangling Modifiers) 所謂懸垂修飾語是指句首的短語與后面句子的邏輯關(guān)系混亂不清。例如：At the age of ten，my grandfather died. 這句中“at the age of ten” 只點(diǎn)出十歲時(shí)，但沒有說明“誰”十歲時(shí)。按一般推理不可能是my grandfather，如果我們把這個(gè)懸垂修飾語改明確一點(diǎn)，全句就不那么費(fèi)解了。 改為：When I was ten, my grandfather died. 例1. To do well in college, good grades are essential. 剖析：句中不定式短語“to do well in college”的邏輯主語不清楚。 改為：To do well in college, a student needs good grades. 5、詞性誤用(Misuse of Parts of Speech) “詞性誤用”常表現(xiàn)為：介詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用;形容詞當(dāng)副詞用;名詞當(dāng)動(dòng)詞用等。 例1. None can negative the importance of money. 剖析：negative系形容詞，誤作動(dòng)詞。 改為：None can deny the importance of money. 6、指代不清(Ambiguous Reference of Pronouns) 指代不清主要講的是代詞與被指代的人或物關(guān)系不清，或者先后所用的代詞不一致。試看下面這一句：Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted her to be her bridesmaid.(瑪麗和我姐姐很要好，因?yàn)樗鏊陌槟铩? 讀完上面這一句話，讀者無法明確地判斷兩位姑娘中誰將結(jié)婚，誰將當(dāng)伴娘。如果我們把易于引起誤解的代詞的所指對(duì)象加以明確，意思就一目了然了。 這個(gè)句子可改為： Mary was friendly to my sister because she wanted my sister to be her bridesmaid. 例1. And we can also know the society by serving it yourself. 剖析：句中人稱代詞we和反身代詞yourself指代不一致。 改為：We can also know society by serving it ourselves. 7、不間斷句子(Run-on Sentences) 什么叫run-on sentence?童鞋們可以看下面的例句。 例1. There are many ways we get to know the outside world. 剖析：這個(gè)句子包含了兩層完整的意思：“There are many ways.”以及“We get to know the outside world.”。簡(jiǎn)單地把它們連在一起就不妥當(dāng)了。 改為：There are many ways for us to learn about the outside world. 或 There are many ways through which we can become acquainted with the outside world. 8、措詞毛病(Troubles in Diction) Diction是指在特定的句子中如何適當(dāng)?shù)剡x用詞語的問題，學(xué)生在寫作中沒有養(yǎng)成良好的推敲，斟酌的習(xí)慣。他們往往隨心所欲，拿來就用。所以作文中用詞不當(dāng)?shù)腻e(cuò)誤比比皆是。 例1. The increasing use of chemical obstacles in agriculture also makes pollution.(農(nóng)業(yè)方面化學(xué)物質(zhì)使用的不斷增加也造成了污染。) 剖析：顯然