新目標(biāo)英語八年級下第6單元知識點(diǎn)

Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountainsTopic: Tell a storyTeaching Aims：To master the Structure of Conjunctions unless, as soon as and sothatKey point：The usage of unless, as soon as and sothatSentences：What was/were sb. doing? 某人正在做什么？ Sb. was/were doing sth. 某人正在做某事。 It is+n. +to do sth. 做某事是Language points1. 狀語從句是由從屬連詞引導(dǎo)，與主句連接，位于句首時(shí)，常與主句用逗號分開，位于句末時(shí)，其前一般不用逗號。狀語從句根據(jù)用途分為時(shí)間狀語從句，原因狀語從句，結(jié)果狀語從句，條件狀語從句，讓步狀語從句，方式狀語從句，目的狀語從句等。1) as soon as 引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句意為“一就”，若主句是一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的意義。I will do some cleaning as soon as I finish my homework.2) unless引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句相當(dāng)于ifnot，表示否定，意為“除非”，若主句表示一般將來時(shí)，從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的意義。I won,t go to tomorrow,s party unless I am invited.Unless 的條件句 表示在特定條件下，才決定做或不做一件事，中文用的連接詞一般是“除非”和“否則”。如：除非刮臺風(fēng)，否則演唱會將如期進(jìn)行。在英語中，我們可以用unless表達(dá)這個(gè)意 思，相當(dāng)于if not。以這個(gè)句子為例： The concert will be held as schedule unless there is a typhoon. = the concert will be held as schedule if there is not a typhoonIf 和 unless引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句 條件句表可能，主句多用將來時(shí)； 條件句表事實(shí)，主句常用現(xiàn)在時(shí)。We can walk there if we can,t find a bus. 如果我們找不到公車，也能走路去那里 If it rains tomorrow, we will not go to the zoo. 如果明天下雨，我們就不去動(dòng)物園 What will you go if you find someone in danger? 條件狀語從句 If 條件句有不同的類型，簡述如下： (1)用if條件句表達(dá)客觀真理或普通現(xiàn)象 If條件句用于表達(dá)客觀真理或普通現(xiàn)象時(shí)，主從句時(shí)態(tài)均用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，If you freeze water, it turns into ice. (2)用if 條件句表示將來可能發(fā)生的事情 在表示將來可能發(fā)生的事情的if條件句中，主句用一般將來時(shí)，而if從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來的時(shí)間，即主將從現(xiàn) 注意：在條件句中，主句部分只能使用動(dòng)詞will的一般將來時(shí)，不能使用be going to的結(jié)構(gòu) 練習(xí)1. If I _ his phone number, I will tell you. A. find B. found C. will find D. have found 2. We will go camping if it _ tomorrow. A. Wont rain B. didnt rain C. doesnt rain D. isnt raining 3. Im waiting for my friend. If he _, I _ swimming alone. A. doesnt come; will go B. wont come; will go C.will come; wont go D. dont come; will go 4. _ you go to the supermarket at 7 p.m, you can buy a lot of cheap food. A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. When 5. I wont get to the party on time _ I catch the first train tomorrow morning. A. If B. Unless C. Whether D. When 6. -Shall we go on a picnic this weekend? -Good idea! Unless it _. A. rains B. doesnt rain C. rain D. wont rain 7. -Can I change the jacket for another one _ it doesnt fit me well? - Of course. A. unless B. if C. that D. though 8. Nobody can learn maths well he works hard on it. A if B unless C thought D however 9. If fish_away from water, they_die. A are taking, wont B are taken, will C are being taken, will D take, wont 3) so thatso that 引導(dǎo)目的狀語從句 表示“為了”“目的是”1. The little boy saved every coin_ _he could buy his mother a present on Mothers day .當(dāng)球迷們看到貝克漢姆的時(shí)候，他們?nèi)绱思?dòng)以致于大喊大叫。 2. When the football fans saw Beckham, they got_excited_they cried out. 補(bǔ)充So.that 與 too.to He was so angry that he couldnt say a word. 他如此生氣以至于說不出一句話。 He was too angry to say a world 他太生氣而不能說一句話。 So .that 與 such . That so + 形容詞/副詞 + that + 從句，如： This story is so interesting that I want to read it again. 這個(gè)故事如此有趣以至我想再讀一次。 He spoke so quickly that I couldnt follow him. 他說得如此快以至我不能跟上他。 so+形容詞/副詞+(a/an)+(單數(shù))復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞不可數(shù)名詞+that+從句，如果句中的名詞是單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞，其前就要用不定冠詞a或an，如果是復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞或者不可數(shù)名詞，前面就不用冠詞，如： She is such a lovely girl that everyone loves her. 她是如此可愛的一個(gè)女孩，以至每個(gè)人都喜歡她。 It is such an interesting story that I want to read it again. 這是一個(gè)如此有趣的故事以至我想再讀一次。 such+復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞/不可數(shù)名詞+that+從句，如： He showed such concern that people took him to be a relative. 他表現(xiàn)得如此關(guān)心以致于人們都把他當(dāng)作親戚了。sothat 、suchthat、so that、too.to的用法練習(xí)題1. he was_excited that he couldnt get sleep. 2. this teacher is_kind that we all like him. 3. he ran_quickly that we all couldnt catch up with him .4. this is_interesting a book that we all enjoy reading it. 5. they are_intereting books that we all enjoy reading them .6. he has_many books that I cant count them. 7. this is_ an interesting book that we all enjoy reading it .2. It doesnt seem very possible to move a mountain. 移山似乎是不太可能的。 seem 此處為連系動(dòng)詞“似乎、好像”后跟形容詞作表語。 He seems very angry. “主語+seem+（to be）+表語”表語對為名詞或者形容詞，以說明主語的特征狀態(tài)。 Tom seems to be a very clever boy. 湯姆看上去是一個(gè)非常聰明的男孩。 “主語+seem+不定式” 次句型中，seem 與不定式構(gòu)成復(fù)合謂語 The children seemed to be eating something in the room. 孩子們好像正在房間里吃東西呢 “it seems +that 從句” 其中it 作形式主語，that 引導(dǎo)主語從句。 It seems that no one knows what has happened in the park. 似乎沒人知道在公園里發(fā)生了什么。 “there +seem to be +名詞”，to be 可省略，seem 的單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)后面的名詞決定。 There doesnt seem to be much hope of our beating that team. 看來我們戰(zhàn)勝那個(gè)對沒多大的希望。 3. But the story is trying to show us that anything is possible if you work hard. 但這個(gè)故事試圖告訴我們，如果你去努力，一切皆有可能。 possible 可能反義詞impossible possible 常用以下結(jié)構(gòu) it is possible （for sb）to do sth. It is possible for the train to be late. 火車有可能晚點(diǎn) it is possible +that 從句 It is possible that the train is late. 火車有可能晚點(diǎn) as.as possible 盡可能. if possible 如果可能的話4. But what could you going do instead of moving the mountains ? 但是不把山移開，愚公還能做什么呢？ instead of 介詞短語“代替.，而不是.” instead of doing sth “代替做某事” She went to school instead of staying at home. instead of 與instead Instead of “代替、而不是”后面跟名詞、代詞或者動(dòng)名詞instead “代替、反而” 作副詞，修飾整個(gè)句子，位于句首或句末 Lets play chess instead of watching TV. I didnt have breakfast so I ate an apple instead.5. You have different opinions about the story, and neither of you are wrong. 對于這個(gè)故事，你們有不同的觀點(diǎn)，并且你們兩人都是對的。 opinion 與advice opinion作可數(shù)名詞“意見、看法”只對某一事物的看法、意見。 advice 不可數(shù)名詞“建議、勸告”指提出善意或者建設(shè)性的忠告或意見。 a piece of advice 一個(gè)忠告 You should ask the opinion of the doctor 你應(yīng)當(dāng)征求醫(yī)生的意見。 neither of “兩者都不”作主語時(shí)謂語動(dòng)詞要用單數(shù)，但在口語中也可當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)。 Neither of the cars was damaged. 兩部車都沒有受損。 拓展：both of 兩者都 either of 兩者中的任何一個(gè) bothand “既又” , 謂語動(dòng)詞一定要用復(fù)數(shù) neithernor “既不也不”, 謂語動(dòng)詞與后一個(gè)主語保持一致，就近原則 either or “或者或者”謂語動(dòng)詞與后一個(gè)主語保持一致，即就近原則 注意：neither nor 是both and 的否定形式。 根據(jù)漢語意思，用either/neither與either.or/neither.nor或both填空。 他們兩人都不喝咖啡。_ of them drinks coffee. 他不在家就在學(xué)校。He is _ at home _ in the school. 不是Lucy就是:Lily會游泳。_ Lucy _ Lily can swim. 我爸爸和我媽媽都不在家。_ my dad _ my mum is at home. Tom既不高也不矮。Tom is _ tall_ short. 他不是學(xué)生。我也不是。He isnt a student.Im not,_ . 這兩 張書桌都不是新的。_ of the two books is new. 他既不會打籃球，也不會踢足球。 He can_ play basketball_ play football6. The new couple were so happy that they couldnt stop smiling when they got married. 這對新婚夫婦如此開心，以至于結(jié)婚時(shí)都止不住的笑。 cant stop doing sth. “禁不住做.” The children couldnt stop opening the presents. get married “結(jié)婚”get married to sb “和某人結(jié)婚” He wants to get married to a doctor. Marry sb “與某人結(jié)婚/嫁給某人” Mr. White is going to marry an actress.7. An old man tried to move the mountains. 一位老人試圖移山。 try是動(dòng)詞，意為“試圖，設(shè)法” 如：我正設(shè)法算出這道數(shù)學(xué)題。 動(dòng)詞try還表示“試”、“嘗試”，“試用” 你試過種藥了嗎？ 拓展：try搭配的詞組：try to do sth設(shè)法做某事；try doing sth 嘗試做某事 try ones best盡全力；have a try試一下。try on試穿；try out嘗試，實(shí)驗(yàn)； 1.我們的老師總是嘗試一些新的想法。 2. Lucy將盡力趕上其他同學(xué)。 3.讓我試一下。單項(xiàng)填空 ( )1.She bought a digital camera online she would save a lot of time. A. so that B.as soon as C.no matter D.such that ( ) 2. Once upon a time, an old man tried _ the mountains. A not move B not to move C moving D to move ( ) 3. When I walked past the park, I saw some old people _ Chinese Taiji. A do B did C doing D are doing ( ) 4. Ill phone you as soon as I _. A get to home B got to home C get home D got home( ) 5.You cant cross the street now. You have to wait _ the traffic lights turn green. A when B after C until D while ( )6.The writers new book will _ next month. A come in B come on C come out D come into ( )7. Some parents make their children _ chore