英語等級考試五級（PETS－5）專家預測試卷（1）

1、姓名：_ 班級：_ 學號：_-密-封 -線- 英語等級考試五級（pets5）專家預測試卷（1）考試時間：120分鐘 考試總分：100分題號一二三四五總分分數(shù)遵守考場紀律，維護知識尊嚴，杜絕違紀行為，確?？荚嚱Y(jié)果公正。 his own business and privacyb secrets as far as interviews are concernedc the property of an american magazined the firstrate national confidential information52 to audience， the typical amer

2、ican astronauta has a limited vocabularyb is a cleancut， cheerful and frank guyc cant understand a sophisticated joked is wellbuilt but rather slowwitted53 in politics， astronauts are generallya democratsa republicansc conservativesd communists54 the phrase” talking shop” （ line 4， para 6 ） probably

3、 meansa talking about shoppingb discussing ones work with colleaguesc exchanging personal newsd talking with friends in a group55 which of the statements is nldefenders of special protective labor legislation for women often maintain that eliminating such laws would destroy the fruits of a centurylo

4、ng struggle for the protection of women workers even a brief examination of the historic practice of courts and employers would show that the fruit of such laws has been bitter； they are， in practice，more of a curse than a blessingsexdefined protective laws have often been based on stereotypical ass

5、umptions concerning women s needs andabilities， and employers have frequently used them as legal excuses for discriminating against women after the second world war， for example， businesses and government sought to persuade women to vacate jobs in factories， thusmaking room in the labor force for re

6、turning veterans the revival or passage of state laws limiting the daily orweekly work hours of women conveuiently accomplished this employers had only to declare that overtime hourswere a necessary condition of employment or promotion in their factory， and women could be quite legally fired，refused

7、 jobs， or kept at low wage levels， all in the name of “protecting” their health by validating such laws whenthey are challenged by lawsuits， the courts have colluded over the years in establishing different， less advantageousemployment terms for women than for men， thus reducing women”s competitiven

8、ess on the job market at the sametime， even the most wellintentioned lawmakers， courts， and employers have often been blind to the real needs ofwomen the lawmakers and the courts continue to permit employers to offer employee health insurance plans thatcover all known human medical disabilities exce

9、pt those relating to pregnancy and childbirthfinally， labor laws protecting only special groups are often ineffective at protecting the workers who are actuallyin the workplace some chemicals， for example， pose reproductive risks for women of childbearing years； manufacturers using the chemicals com

10、ply with laws protecting women against these hazards by refusing to hire them thus the sexdefined legislation protects the hypothetical female worker， but has no effect whatever on the safety of anyactual employee the health risks to male employees in such industries cannot be negligible， since chem

11、icals toxic enough to cause birth defects in fetuses or sterility in women are presumably harmful to the human metabolism protectiv laws aimed at changing production materials or techniques in order to reduce such hazards would benefit allemployees without discriminating against anyin sum， protectiv

12、e labor laws for women are discriminatoryand do not meet their intended purpose legislatorsshould recognize that women are in the work force to stay， and that their needsgood health care， a decent wage，and a safe workplaceare the needs of all workers laws that ignore these facts violate womens right

13、s for equalprotection in employment56 according to the author， which of the following resulted from the passage or revival of state laws limitingthe work hours of women workers?a women workers were compelled to leave their jobs in factoriesb many employers had difficulty in providing jobs for return

14、ing veteransc many employers found it hard to attract women workersd the health of most women factory workers improved57 according to the first paragraph of the passage， the author considers which of the following to be most helpful in determining the value of special protective labor legislation fo

15、r women?a a comparative study of patterns of workrelated illnesses in states that had such laws and in states that did notb an estimate of how many women workers are in favor of such lawsc an analysis of the cost to employers of complying with such lawsd an examination of the actual effects that suc

16、h laws have had in the past on women workers58 the main point of the passage is that special protective labor laws for women workers area unnecessary because most workers are well protected by existing labor lawsb harmful to the economic interests of women workers while offering them little or no ac

17、tual protectionc not worth preserving even though they do represent a hardwon legacy of the labor movementd controversial because male workers receive less protection than they require59 the author implies that which of the following is characteristic of many employee health insurance plans?a they c

18、over all the common medical conditions affecting men， but only some of those affecting womenb they lack the special provisions for women workers that proposed special labor laws for women would providec they pay the medical costs associated with pregnancy and childbirth only for the spouses of male

19、employees， not for female employeesd they meet minimum legal requirements， but do not adeqately safeguard the health of either male or female employees60 according to the passage， special labor laws protecting women workers tend generally to have which of the following effects?a they tend to modify

20、the stereotypes employees often hold concerning womenb they increase the advantage to employers of hiring men instead of women， making it less likely that women will be hiredc they decrease the likelihood that employers will offer more protection to women workers than that which is absolutely requir

21、ed by lawd they increase the tendency of employers to deny health insurance and disability plans to women workerstext 3before a big exam， a sound nights sleep will do you better than poring over textbooks that， at least， is thefolk wisdom and science， in the form of behavioral psychology， supports t

22、hat wisdom but such behavioral studiescannot distinguish between two competing theories of why sleep is good for the memory one says that sleep is whenpermanent memories form the other says that they are actually formed during the day， but then “edited” at night，to flush away what is superfluousto t

23、ell the difference， it is necessary to look into the brain of a sleeping person， and that is hard but after adecade of painstaking work， a team led by pierre maquet at liege university in belgium has managed to do it theparticular stage of sleep in which the belgian group is interested is rapid eye

24、movement （rem） sleep， when brainand body are active， heart rate and blood pressure increase， the eyes move back and forth behind the eyelids as i！watching a movie， and brainwave traces resemble those of wakefulness it is during this period of sleep that peopleare most likely to relive events of the

25、previous day in dreamsdr maquet used an electronic device called pet to study the brains of people as they practiced a task duringthe day， and as they slept during the following night the task required them to press a button as fast as possible， inresponse to a light coming on in one of six position

26、s as they learnt how to do this， their response times got fasterwhat they did not know was that the appearance of the lights sometimes followed a patternwhat is referred to as”artificial grammar” yet the reductions in response time showed that they learnt faster when the pattern was presen！than when

27、 there was notwhat is more， those with more to learn （ i e the “grammar”， as well as the mechanical task of pushing thebutton） have more active brains the “editing” theory would not predict that， since the number of irrelevant stimuliwould be the same in each case and to eliminate any doubts that th

28、e experimental subjects were learning as opposedto unlearning， their response times when they woke up were even quicker than when they went to sleepthe team， therefore， concluded that the nerve connections involved in memory are reinforced through reactivation during rem sleep， particularly if the b

29、rain detects an inherent structure in the material being learnt so now， onthe eve of that crucial test， maths students can sleep soundly in the knowledge that what they will remember the nextday are the basic rules of algebra and not the incoherent talk from the radio next door61 researchers in beha

30、vioral psychology are divided with regard toa how dreams are modified in their coursesb the difference between sleep and wakefulnessc why sleep is of great benefit to memoryd the functions of a good night s sleep62 as manifested in the experimental study， rapid eye movement is characterized bya inte

31、nsely active bralnwave tracesb subjects quicker response timesc complicated memory patternsd revival of events in the previous day63 by referring to the artificial grammar， the author intends to showa its significance in the studyb an inherent pattern being learntc its resemblance to the lightsd the

32、 importance of a night s sleep64 tn their study， researchers led by pierre maquet took advantage of the technique ofa exposing a longheld folk wisdomb clarifying the predictions on dreamsc making contrasts and comparisonsd correlating effects with their causes65 what advice might maquet give to thos

33、e who have a crucial test the next day?a memorizing grammar with great effortsb study textbooks with close attentionc have their brain images recordedd enjoy their sleep at night soundlypart b：in the following article some paragraphs have been removed for questions 66 70， choose the most suitablepar

34、agraph from the list a f to fit into each of the numbered gaps there is one paragraph which does not fit in anyof the gaps mark your answers on answer sheet 1periodically in history， there come periods of great transition in which work changes its meaning there was atime， perhaps 10，000 years ago， w

35、hen human beings stopped feeding themselves by hunting game and gatheringplants， and increasingly turned to agriculture in a way， that represented the invention of “work”then， in the latter decades of the 18th century， as the industrial revolution began in great britain， there wasanother transition

36、in which the symbols of work were no longer the hoe and the plow； they were replaced by the milland the assembly line66with the industrial revolution， machinerypowered first by steam， then by electricity and internal combustion enginestook over the hard physical tasks and relieved the strain on huma

37、n and animal muscles67and yet， such jobs have been characteristic of the human condition in the first threequarters of the 20th century they ve made too little demand on the human mind and spirit to keep them fresh and alive， made too much demand for any machine to serve the purpose until nowthe ele

38、ctronic computer， invented in the 1940 s and improved at breakneck speed， was a machine that， for thefirst time， seemed capable of doing work that had until then been the preserve of the human mind with the coming ofthe microchip in the 1970 s， computers became compact enough， versatile enough and （

39、most important of all） cheapenough to serve as the brains of affordable machines that could take their place on the assembly line and in the office68first， what will happen to the human beings who have been working at these disappearing jobs?second， where will we get the human beings that will do th

40、e new jobs that will appearjobs that are demanding， interesting and mindexercising， but that requires a hightech level of thought and education?69the first problem， that of technological unemployment， will be temporary， for it will arise out of the fact thatthere is now a generation of employees who

41、 have not been educated to fit the computer age however，（in advancednations， at least） they will be the last generation to be so lacking， so that with them this problem will disappear or，at least， diminish to the point of noncrisis proportionsthe second problemthat of developing a large enough numbe

42、r of hightech minds to run a hightech worldwill be no problem at all， once we adjust our thinking70right now， creativity seems to be confined to a very few， and it is easy to suppose that that is the way it must behowever， with the proper availability of computerized education， humanity will surpris

43、e the elite few once againa there remained， however， the “easier” laborthe labor that required the human eyes， ears， judgment andmind but no sweating it nevertheless had its miseries， for it tended to be dull， repetitious， and boringand there is always the sour sense of endlessly doing something unp

44、leasant under compulsionb for one thing， much of human effort that is today put into “running the world” will be unnecessary withcomputers， robots and automation， a great dead of the daily grind will appear to be running itself this isnothing startling it is a trend that has been rapidly on its way

45、ever since world waric and now we stand at the brink of a change that will be the greatest of all， for work in its old sense will disappear altogether to most people， work has always been an effortful exercising of mind or bodycompelled by the bitter necessity of earning the necessities of lifeplus

46、an occasional period of leisure in whichto rest or have fund clearly there will be a painful period of transition， one that is starting already， and one that will be in full swing as the 21st century beginse in the first place， the computer age will introduce a total revolution in our notions of edu

47、cation， and is beginning to do so now the coming of the computer will make learning fun， and a successfully stimulated mindwill learn quickly it will undoubtedly turn out that the “average” child is much more intelligent and creativethan we generally suppose there was a time， after all， when the abi

48、lity to read and write was confined to avery small group of “scholars” and almost all of them would have scouted the notion that just about anyonecould learn the intricacies of literacy yet with mass education general literacy came to be a factf this means that the dull， the boring， the repetitious，

49、 the mindstultifying work will begin to disappear fromthe job marketis already beginning to disappear this， of course， will introduce two vital sets of problemis already introducing thempart c：answer questions 71 80 by referring to the following places of interestnote： answer each question by choosi

50、ng a， b， c or d and mark it on answer sheet 1 some choices may be required more than oncea the imperial palaceb the temple of heavenc potala palaced jokhang templewhich palace or temple is the spiritual center of tibet?71is circular in the northern part while square in the southem part?72presents th

51、e largest and most complete ensemble of traditional architecture?73covers a building space of 90 thousand square meters?74is the oldest one among the four in the text?75can present the visitor the significance of heaven kitchen?76is a combination of architectural styles from han，tibetan and nepalese

52、?77was the religious and political center of old tibet?78is along with many comparatively small buildings on either side?79presents an edict signed with the great fifuls handprint?80the imperial palacewhat strikes one first in a bird seye view of beijing proper is a vast tract of golden roofs flashi

53、ng brilliantly in the sun with purple walls occasionally emerging amid them and a stretch of luxuriant tree leaves flanking oneach side that is the former imperial palace， popularly known as the forbidden city， from which twentyfour emperors of the ming and qing dynasties ruled china for some 500 ye

54、arsfrom 1420 to 1911 the ming emperor yong le， who usurped the throne from his nephew and made beijing the capital， ordered its construction， on whichapproximately i0，000 artists and a million workmen toiled for 14 years from 1406 to 1420 at present， the palaceis an elaborate museum that presents th

55、e largest and most complete ensemble of traditional architecture complex andmore than 900， 000 pieces of court treasures in all dynasties in chinalocated in the center of beijing， the entire palace area， rectangular in shape and72 hectares in size， is surrounded by walls ten meters high and a moat 5

56、2 meters wide at each comer of the wall stands a watchtower with adoubleeave roof covered with yellow glazed tilesthe main buildings， the six great halls， one following the other， are set facing south along the central northsouth axis from the meridian gate， the south entrance， to shenwumen， the gre

57、at gate piercing in the north wall oneither side of the palace are many comparatively small buildings symmetrically in the northeastern section lie the sixeastern palaces and in the northwestern section the six western palaces the palace area is divided into two parts：the outer court and the inner pal