九年級英語全冊 Unit 6 When was it invented詞句精講精練 （新版）人教新目標版

1、Unit 6 When was it invented？詞句精講精練【詞匯精講】1. invent （1）invent 作動詞，意為“發(fā)明；創(chuàng)造”。例如：Edison invented the light bulb. 愛迪生發(fā)明了電燈。（2）invent還可以表示“虛構(gòu)”。例如：The whole story was invented. 整個故事是虛構(gòu)的。（3） invent的名詞形式有兩個，一個是inventor（發(fā)明者；發(fā)明家），另一個是invention（發(fā)明物）。例如：Edison is a great inventor in history. 愛迪生是歷史上偉大的發(fā)明家。Human

2、history is also a history of great inventions. 人類的歷史也是一個偉大發(fā)明的歷史?！就卣埂縤nvent和discover辨析（1）invent 意為“發(fā)明，發(fā)明之物”指“從無到有”。例如：Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876. 亞歷山大格雷厄姆貝爾在1876年發(fā)明了電話。（2）discover 意為“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，指“本來就已經(jīng)存在，但不為人知”的事物。例如：Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥倫布在1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)了美洲。2. for exampl

3、e for example意為“例如”，強調(diào)“舉例”說明，而且一般只舉同類人或物中的一個作為插入語，且用逗號隔開。for example可置于句首、句中或句末。例如：There are many kinds of pollution, for example, noise is a kind of pollution.有許多種污染方式，例如噪音就是一種污染。 Many students like playing computer games，for example，Mike.許多學(xué)生喜歡玩電腦游戲，比如邁克。【拓展】 such as意為“例如”，用來“羅列”同類人或物中的幾個例子，可置于被列舉

4、的事物與前面的名詞之間，但such as后邊不能用逗號。例如：Many of the English programs are welcome, such as Follow Me, Follow Me to Science. 其中有許多英語節(jié)目很受歡迎，例如跟我學(xué)跟我學(xué)科學(xué)。English is spoken in many countries, such as Australia, Canada and so on.許多國家說英語，如澳大利亞和加拿大等。3. popular（1） popular作形容詞，意為“流行的，受人歡迎的”。常用短語為be popular with，意為“受的歡迎。

5、例如：The most popular sport is football. 最流行的運動是足球。He is popular with our classmates. 他在我們班里有人緣。（2）popular作形容詞，意為“民眾的;大眾的”。例如：Popular education is one of our major objectives. 民眾教育是我們的主要目標之一。He speaks in popular language. 他用通俗的語言講話?！就卣埂縫opularity作名詞，意為“普及,流行;大眾化”。例如：Golf has gained popularity among th

6、e wealthy in my country. 高爾夫球已在我國富有的人中流行起來。 The popularity of private cars is changing the peoples life style.私家車的普及正在改變著人們的生活方式。4. remain（1）remain用作不及物動詞,意為“剩下、留下、呆在”,相當于stay。 例如：When the others had gone, Joan remained (=stayed) to clean the room. 別人走了,瓊留下來清掃房間。 Only a few leaves remained (=were st

7、ill) on the tree. 樹上只剩下幾片葉子了。 The Smiths remained there all through the year. 史密斯一家人在那里呆了整整一年。 The soldiers were ordered to remain where they were. 士兵們接到命令呆在原地。 （2）remain作連系動詞,意為“一直保持,仍然處于某種狀態(tài)中”。例如： Peter became a manager but John remained a worker. 彼得當上了經(jīng)理,但約翰仍然是一個工人。 Whatever great progress you ha

8、ve made, you should remain modest. 無論你取得了多么大的進步,你都應(yīng)一直保持謙虛。 The shop remains open until 11 at night. 這個商店一直營業(yè)到晚上十一點。 Whether it will be good to us remains to be seen. 這是否對我們有好處,還有待觀察。5. smell smell作名詞，表示“氣味”。smell作連系動詞，意為“聞、嗅”，后面常用形容詞作表語。例如：Whats the pleasant smell? 香味是什么？The dumplings smell nice. 這些

9、水餃聞起來很好?！就卣埂浚?）look，sound，smell，taste，feel這五個動詞都與人的感覺有關(guān)，可稱之為“感官”動詞。這五個動詞均可作連系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語，說明主語所處的狀態(tài)。其意思分別為“看/聽/聞/嘗/摸起來”。除look之外，其它幾個動詞的主語往往是物，而不是人。例如：The old man looks very happy. 那個老人看起來很幸福。These flowers smell very sweet. 這些花聞起來很香。The tomatoes feel very soft. 這些西紅柿摸起來很軟。（2）look，sound，smell，taste，fe

10、el這些動詞后面也可接介詞like短語，like后面常用名詞。例如：Her idea sounds like fun. 她的主意聽起來很有趣。6.take placetake place常用于歷史事件或會議的發(fā)生，以及化學(xué)、物理變化，有事先預(yù)料或計劃的意思，即“計劃發(fā)生”。例如：The party took place yesterday evening. 昨晚舉辦了晚會。Great changes have taken place in our hometown during the past ten years.我們家鄉(xiāng)在過去的十年里發(fā)生了巨大的變化?！就卣埂縣appen指具體客觀事物的發(fā)

11、生，常有偶然性，未能預(yù)見性，即“偶然發(fā)生”。happen和take place均為不及物動詞，無被動語態(tài)。 (1) 表示“某地/某時發(fā)生了什么事”，常用“sth. + happened + 時間/地點”這一結(jié)構(gòu)，此時主語應(yīng)該是物。例如： The story happened in 2008. 這個故事發(fā)生在2008年。 An accident happened in that street. 那條街上發(fā)生了一起事故。(2) 表示“某人出了某事（常指不好的事）”要用“sth. + happened + to sb.”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： A car accident happened to her

12、this morning. 今天上午她出了車禍。 What happened to you? 你怎么啦？(3) 表示“某人碰巧做某事”要用“sb. + happened + to do sth.”這一結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： I happened to meet a friend of mine in the street yesterday. 昨天我碰巧在街上遇到了我的一個朋友。7.boilboil作動詞，意為“使煮沸，使燒開”。例如：I stood in the kitchen, waiting for the water to boil.我站在廚房，等著水燒開?！就卣埂?1) boiling作形容詞

13、，表示 “炎熱的; 沸騰的”。例如：When everybody else is boiling hot, Im freezing!當其他所有人都酷熱難耐時，我卻凍得夠嗆！Placing an egg into a huge pan full of boiling water isnt easy either. 把蛋丟進一口裝滿開水大鍋也不是容易的事。（2）boiled作形容詞，表示“煮過的；煮熟的”。例如： Id like to drink a glass of cool boiled water. 我想喝一杯涼開水。8. achieve( 1）achieve作及物動詞，意為“完成,實現(xiàn)”。

14、例如：You will never achieve anything if you spend your time that way. 你若總是這樣消磨時間,就永遠不會有所成就。 Everybody should be given the chance to achieve their aims. 要讓每個人都有機會實現(xiàn)自己的目標。No one can achieve anything without effort. 誰也不可能不努力而有所作為。（2）achieve作及物動詞，意為“達到,贏得”。例如：The actor achieved fame when he was only ninet

15、een. 那位演員十九歲時就成名了。 She achieved no success. 她沒有獲得成功?！就卣埂縜chievement作名詞，意為“成就,成績”。例如： The invention of the computer is a great achievement. 發(fā)明電腦是一大成就。9. pleasurepleasure作名詞,指“愉快的事,樂趣”。Its a pleasure to meet you. 見到你很快樂。Its my pleasure. 不客氣(接受道謝時回答)?！就卣埂?1) pleased作形容詞，指外物作用于感官,使人感到“高興、滿意”,常見的結(jié)構(gòu)為：be p

16、leased+不定式或從句, be pleased with, be pleased at (about)。例如：Im very pleased with the performance. 我很滿意這次表演。Were pleased about (at) your success. 對于你的成功我們很滿意。Im quite pleased that she has got such a good chance. 我很高興她得到這樣一個好的機會。(2) pleasant作形容詞，意為“令人愉快的,討人喜歡的”。例如：They spent a very pleasant afternoon in

17、the hills. 他們在山上度過一個令人舒心的下午。Spring weather is pleasant. 春天的天氣讓人心曠神怡?！驹~匯精練】I.根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全句子。1. This kind of camera is p_ in an American factory.2. A few pears r_ on the trees.3. Can you name the four famous i_ in ancient China？4. The song is very p_ on the Internet. 5. Lu Xun was one of the greatest

18、writers in the 20th c_ of China.6. His laziness makes it impossible for him to a_ success. 7. Heres some b_ water, and have a drink whenever youre thirsty.8. Every time when we m_ this teacher, their students are very proud. II. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. Julie Thompson is the _ (invent) of battery-operated sl

19、ippers.2. There are some green _ (leaf) on the tree.3. His paintings is very _(create).4. This trip was very _ (please). Everyone had a good time.5. I think the soup tastes quite _ (salt).6. Do you know the tea was _ (invent) by a Chinese man？7. Have you _ (notice) that big sign on the wall? Whats t

20、he meaning of it?8. This new kind of train was _ (produce) by our own country.9.Zheng Chenggong is a great _(nation) hero in Chinese history.10. When we got to the park, we found the rubbish was _ (throw) everywhere.III. 選用pleasant, pleased, pleasure填空。1.It was a _ surprise. 2.I went to Rome for _,

21、not on business.3.Ill be _ to lend you the book.4.That movie isnt _ to see. 5.It gives me great _ to grow flowers.6.He showed her around the city with _.7.She was _ with her new room.8.Would you hold this for a moment? With _.IV. 用方框內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式完成短文。learn, help, much, happy, teach, attitude, how Have

22、you ever had problems in your life that got in the way of your happiness? If so, you will find Being a Happy Teenager by Australian writer Andrew Matthews (1) _. In his book, Matthews tells us（2）_ to have a happy life, and answers some common questions teenagers have.The book says we should stop bei

23、ng angry. The book also (3)_ us some useful skills such as how to put what you have learnt into mental (心理的) pictures to make your memory better. Success comes from a good（4）_. Some schoolboys have problems such as being too tall or too short. But Matthews tells us（5）_ comes from thinking about thin

24、gs in a positive way. If you are tall, people notice you, and you can get a good view at the movie; if you are short, your clothes and shoes wont take too much room in your bedroom! This is Matthews most important lesson: You can（6）_ to be happy!【參考答案】I. 根據(jù)句意及首字母提示補全句子。1. produced 2. remain 3. inven

25、tions 4. popular 5. century 6. achieve 7. boiled 8.mentionII. 用所給單詞的適當形式填空。1. inventor 2. leaves 3. creative 4. pleasant 5. salty6.invented 7.noticed 8.produced 9. national 10.thrownIII. 選用pleasant, pleased, pleasure填空。1.pleasant 2.pleasure 3.pleased 4.pleasant 5. pleasure 6.pleasure 7. pleased 8. p

26、leasureIV. 用方框內(nèi)所給單詞的適當形式完成短文。1. helpful 2. how 3. teaches 4. attitude 5. happiness 6. learn【句式精講】1. When was it invented？was invented 句意為“某物被發(fā)明”，是被動句式。例如：The abacus was invented in the sixteenth century by the Chinese.算盤在十六世紀由中國人發(fā)明的。Who was the light bulb invented by？燈泡是由誰發(fā)明的？【拓展】被動語態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)是：主語+be done

27、（及物動詞的過去分詞），be是隨人稱和時態(tài)變化而變化的。（1）一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)：am/ is/ are done 例如：The blackboard is cleaned by the students every class.黑板每節(jié)課都被學(xué)生擦干凈。（2）一般過去時的被動語態(tài)：was/ were done 例如：The computer was invented last century. 電腦是上個世紀被發(fā)明的。（3）一般將來時的被動語態(tài)：shall/will be done 例如：A new school will be built in our village next year

28、.明年一所新的學(xué)校將在我們村莊建設(shè)。（4）現(xiàn)在進行時的被動語態(tài)：am/is/are being done 例如：A sports meeting is being held in our school now. 運動會正在我們學(xué)校舉行。（5）現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)：have/has been done 例如：All of the work has been finished since I came here.自從我來這里以來，所有的工作都已經(jīng)完成。（6）含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài)：can/may/must/should be done 例如：Your homework must be handed

29、 in after school.你們的家庭作業(yè)必須在放學(xué)后交上。（7）復(fù)合賓語的被動語態(tài)：原來的句子是“主語謂語賓語賓語補足語”，在變被動語態(tài)的時候只能將賓語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語，賓語補足語變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的主語補足語。主動語態(tài)中賓語補足語是省掉to的不定式時，在被動語態(tài)中需要還原to。They heard her sing an English song at the party.他們在晚會上聽到她唱了一首英語歌。變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)是：She was heard to sing an English song at the party.2. But at that time, it wasnt use

30、d widely. sth. be used是被動語態(tài)句式，表示“某物被使用”。常用如下搭配：（1）be used for 意思是“被用來做某事”，for是介詞，它的后面用名詞或者動名詞作賓語。例如： Knives are used for cutting things. 刀是用來割東西的。（2）be used as意思是“被作為使用”，as是介詞，意思是“作為”。 它強調(diào)被當作工具或者手段來使用。例如：Our classroom is used as a reading-room. 我們的教室被用來當閱覽室使用。（3）be used by意思是“被使用”，by后面跟人或者物，表示強調(diào)動作的使

31、用者。 This radio is often used by my mother. 這臺收音機經(jīng)常被我的媽媽使用。（4）be used to do something意思是“被用來做某事”，和be used for doing是同義詞短語。It is used for learning English.It is used to learn English. 它是被用來學(xué)習(xí)英語的。3. It is said that a Chinese ruler called Shen Nong wasIt is said that是一個固定搭配的句型，it是形式主語，真正的主語是后面的that從句。它的

32、思是“據(jù)說”。例如： It is said that Mary is very happy in London. （主語從句）= They say that Mary is very happy in London.（賓語從句）據(jù)說瑪麗在倫敦是非常幸福的?！就卣埂苛硗忸愃频木湫陀校篒t is believed（人們相信），It is reported that （據(jù)報道），It is supposed that （據(jù)猜測）。例如：It is believed that on December 21st,1981, the first basketball game in history was

33、 played.人們相信歷史上首次籃球比賽是在1891年12月21日舉行的。It is supposed that there is no life on the moon.據(jù)推測月球上是沒有生命的。It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit. 據(jù)報道又有一顆衛(wèi)星上天了。 4. In England, tea didnt appear until around 1660, butuntil意為“直到”，有下列用法：（1）作介詞，后接時間名詞，在句中作時間狀語。作連詞，后接從句，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。 例如：

34、 She stayed there until 9 oclock. 她一直等到9點鐘。We waited until the rain stopped. 我們等到雨停了。 (2) until用在肯定句中，多與持續(xù)性的動詞連用。如：stand/wait/stay等，表示主句動作的終止時間。 (3) until可用于否定句中，即notuntil意為“直到才”，常與非延續(xù)性動詞連用。如：open/start/leave/arrive等，強調(diào)主句動作開始的時間。例如： The child didnt go to bed until his father came back. 直到父親回來，那個孩子才睡

35、覺。5. Basketball has not only become a popular sport to play, but it has also become （1）not only.but also的意思是“不但而且”，連接兩個并列成分，如果連接兩個主語的時候，謂語動詞和also后面的主語保持一致。Not only my mother but also I like to go to the garden.不僅媽媽而且我也喜歡去花園。（2）以not onlybut also 開頭的句子往往引起倒裝。 Not only did he complain about the food, b

36、ut he refused to pay for it. 他不僅抱怨飯不好吃，而且拒絕付飯錢。【句式精練】I.被動語態(tài)句式變換。1. My mother made this skirt last month.（改為被動語態(tài)）This shirt _ _ by my mother last month.2. Li Lei asked me to go to his birthday party.（改為被動語態(tài)）I _ _ to go to Li Leis birthday party.3. What do people use the pen to do? （改為被動語態(tài)）What _ the

37、pen _ to do by people?4. Many books have been sent to the Hope School in that village.（改為主動語態(tài)）We _ _ many books to the Hope School in that village.5. The workers were made to finish the work at once by the manager. （改為主動語態(tài)）The manager _ the workers _ the work at once.II. 根據(jù)漢語提示，完成句子。1.這是由誰發(fā)明的？Who _

38、_ _ by ?2.你的手機是國產(chǎn)的嗎？_ your mobile phone _ _ China?3.這個孤兒將由一位女士照顧。This orphan _ _ _ _ _by a lady.4.我們被分成了兩個小組。We _ _ _ two groups.5.直到他明天回來我才能告訴他。I wont tell him _ he _ back tomorrow.6.英語被作為一種重要的工作語言使用。English is _ _ an important working language.7.冰不夠厚，不能滑冰。The ice wasnt _ _ for you to skate on.8.他不

39、僅學(xué)習(xí)努力,而且認真工作。He not _ studies hard _ also works well.9. 據(jù)說她很有成功的把握。_ _ _she is quite sure of success. III. 按要求完成下列句子。1. This sign means cars and buses mustnt turn right here.（對劃線部分提問）_ _ this sign mean?2. The telephone was invented before the car.（改為同義句）The car was invented _ _ _.3. This boy is not

40、old enough to go to school.（改為同義句）This boy is _ _ to go to school.4. I prefer oranges to apples.（改為同義句）I _ _ oranges _ _ apples.5. Taking exercise often can make you healthy. ( 改為同義句) Its _ _ your health _take exercise often.6. The man made his baby laugh. （改為同義句） The baby was _ _ _.IV. 補全對話。根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容，從