人教版高中英語選修八第四單元ppt課件

1、Pygmalion,心理學(xué)家莫頓（Robert Merton）將此現(xiàn)象名之為“自我實現(xiàn)的預(yù)言”。這也就是在蕭伯納名劇窈窕淑女(My Fair Lady)中為人所熟知的“皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)”（Pygmalion effect,Have you ever heard of the “Pygmalion Effect ”,The Pygmalion Effect is that people tend to behave as you expect they will. If you expect a person to take responsibility, they probably will.

2、If you expect them not to even try, they probably wont,皮格瑪利翁效應(yīng)”留給我們這樣一個啟示：贊美、信任和期待具有一種能量，它能改變?nèi)说男袨椋?dāng)一個人獲得另一個人的信任、贊美時，他便感覺獲得了社會支持，從而增強了自我價值，變得自信、自尊，獲得一種積極向上的動力，并盡力達到對方的期待，以避免對方失望，從而維持這種社會支持的連續(xù)性,This play by George Bernard Shaw (蕭伯納) is an adaptation of a Greek story. Do you know this story,Pygmalion,

3、a gifted artist, makes a stone statue of a beautiful woman. He asks the Greek Goddess to bring her to life. His wish is granted同意,準(zhǔn)予,1. adaptation: 改編本；適應(yīng)性 這部戲劇是一部短篇小說的改編本。 動物對環(huán)境的適應(yīng)是相當(dāng)慢的。 常用結(jié)構(gòu)： adaptation to 對的適應(yīng),The adaptation of animals to the environment is rather slow,The play is an adaptation o

4、f a short novel,聯(lián)想拓展 adapt vt.使適應(yīng)(合)；修改,改編 vi. (to)適應(yīng) adapt oneself to 使適應(yīng)；使適合,He tried hard to himself (使自己適應(yīng)) the new conditions. He made a quick (適應(yīng)) the new environment. When they moved to Canada, the children (適應(yīng)) the change very well,adapt,adapted,adaptation,to,to,My Fair Lady Have you seen th

5、e film? If you have, did you like it? Have a discussion and give reasons,Pre-reading,Eliza Doolittle(E): a poor flower girl who is ambitious to improve herself. Professor Higgins(H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society. Colonel

6、Pickering(P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task,Main characters,Lower class,Language: calls gentleman “sir” and “capin” (or captain) which is a compliment,Behaviour: respectful to people of higher class,Comprehending,Language: calls Eliza “you silly girl” and P

7、ickering “my dear man” (an equal and friend,Behaviour: rude (and patronizing) to lower class; polite to same or upper class,Middle class,kind, polite, generous, enthusiastic, eager, confident,impatient, rude, confident, superior, self-important,anxious, eager, emotional, ambitious, unsure,1. Profess

8、or Higgins (H): an expert in phonetics, convinced that the quality of a persons English decides his/her position in society. 希金斯教授是一位語音學(xué)專家, 他認為一個人的英語水平?jīng)Q定了他(她)的社會地位,Language points,convince vt. 說服; 使相信; We convinced him to go by train rather than plane. 我們說服了他坐火車去,不要搭飛機,I tried to convince my wife th

9、at we cant afford a new car. 我試圖說服我妻子我們買不起新車。 convinced adj. convincing adj,堅信的;意志堅定的,令人心服的,Convince sb. Convince sb. that-clause Convince sb. to do sth Convince sb. of sth Be convinced of sth./that-clause,使某人相信,說服某人,說服某人做某事,某人確信,使某人相信某事,他使我相信他是無辜的 He convinced me of his innocence,2. Colonel Pickeri

10、ng (P): an officer in the army and later a friend of Higgins who sets him a task. 皮克林上校(簡稱P):陸軍軍官, 后來成為希金斯的朋友。希金斯給他安排了一項任務(wù),officer與official officer 主要用于指軍官,也可指公司或政府機構(gòu)中的高級職員; official 指政府內(nèi)的文職官員,用作形容詞時指“ 官方的,正式的,The live at headquarters and the soldiers live in the camps. 軍官住在總部,士兵住在軍營。 The president

11、and his ministers are government . 總統(tǒng)和部長為政府高級官員,officers,officials,set (1) vt.安排;布置(崗哨); 定(時間、標(biāo)準(zhǔn))；創(chuàng)造(記錄);專心于 Set guards around the gate. 在大門四周布下衛(wèi)兵。 The time and date of the meeting have not yet been set. 開會時間與日期尚未確定,He set a new record. 他創(chuàng)下了一項新記錄。 Nothing in the world is difficult for one who sets h

12、is mind to it. 世上無難事, 只怕有心人,2) vt. 使做某事;使處于某種狀態(tài) I opened the cage and set the bird free. 我把鳥籠打開,讓鳥自由飛翔。 A spark set the woods on fine. 星星之火使整個森林燃燒起來,3) vi. (日、月等) 下落；下沉 It will be cooler when the sun has set. 日落后天就會涼爽起來。 (4) n.一套，一組；電器設(shè)備 I bought a set of Lu Xuns short stories. 我買了一套魯迅短篇小說集。 I need

13、a radio set. 我需要一臺收音機,set off set out set about set up set sb. good example,出發(fā), 動身,出發(fā), 著手,開始,著手,建立, 成立,為某人樹立好榜樣,Its ten years since the scientist _ on his life work of discovering the valuable chemical. (2004 江蘇) A. made for B. set out C. took off D. turned up,3. While watching, he makes notes. 他一邊觀

14、察, 一邊做筆記。 while watching 為while he was watching 省略句。在以when, while, if, unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中,如果從句中的主語與主句主語一致且從句謂語動詞含有be動詞的形式,往往將從句中的主語及be動詞省略,而以動詞的-ing形式或過去分詞形式來代替,After being discussed, the plan should be carried out at once. 計劃討論后, 應(yīng)立即實施。 While crossing the street, look out for cars passing by. 過馬路時, 小心

15、過路車輛,1) When_ help, one often says “Thank you.” or “Its kind of you.” A. offering B. to offer C. to be offered80 D. offered,2) While_ the river, he saw a big crocodile. to cross B. crossing C. cross D. crossed,3) -Whats the matter with you? -_ the window, my finger was cut unexpectedly. A. Cleaning

16、B. To clean C. While cleaning D. While I was cleaning,4.hesitate:猶豫，遲疑，躊躇；常做不及物動詞，可與介詞about/over/at連用；也可接動詞不定式。表示對做某事有顧慮。 Hesitation: n. She hesitated before replying. 她猶豫了一下才作答。 對于送兒子上大學(xué)這件事，他仍然猶豫。 He is still hesitating about/over/at sending his son to college. 如果你想要更多資料，盡管和我聯(lián)系。 Please do not hesit

17、ate to contact me if you need more information,5. I aint done nothing wrong by speaking to that gentleman. 我跟那位先生說話,又沒做什么壞事呀。 aint 是不規(guī)范的語言,相當(dāng)于am not, is not, has not, have not. We aint coming. 我們不來了。 They aint got it. 他們沒有那玩意兒,6. Here you are (hands over the paper covered with writing). 給你(他把寫滿字的紙遞過

18、來) hand over 移交; 讓與；交給某人照料 The captain was unwilling to hand over the command of his ship. 船長不愿移交軍艦的指揮權(quán),The thief was handed over to the policeman. 小偷被交給警察處理。 hand down 傳給 hand on 傳遞 hands up 舉手 hand out 分給,分發(fā),It is certain that he will _ his business to his son when he gets old. A. take over B. thi

19、nk over C. hand over D. go over,covered with writing 為過去分詞短語作后置定語, 相當(dāng)于定語從句which/that is covered with writing. The concert given by him was a great success. 由他舉行的音樂會很成功,The first textbooks teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century. 最早為外語教師而寫的英語課本出現(xiàn)在18世紀,written for,Some of t

20、hem, in villages, had never seen a train. 他們當(dāng)中的一些人生長在農(nóng)村, 從未 見過火車。 The meeting yesterday proved to be a success. 昨天開的那次會議證明很成功,born and brought up,held,1)Some of the suspects_ refused to answer and kept their mouths shut. questioning B. being questioned C. questioned D. to be questioned,2)You will fi

21、nd the word “psychology” _ under “P” in any dictionary. have listed B. to be listed C. listing itself D. listed,3)The amount of money_ for the seriously sick child was soon collected. to need B. needed C. needing D. which needed,7.mistaken adj, 在句中作表語或前置定語。 作表語 be mistaken about 對某事持錯誤的見解。 You are m

22、istaken about what he said,人們對這個孩子有不對的看法。 The people has a mistaken opinion of this child. Mistake for把誤認為(take for) He mistook my politeness for friendliness,8. What if I was? 如果我是又怎樣呢？ 此句為省略句。原句為: What if I was born in? What if意思為“要是又會怎樣,9.Classify vt. 為分類 The books in the library are classified b

23、y subjects. 圖書館的書按學(xué)科分類。 classify sth. by/according to 根據(jù)分類classify sb./sth. as 把某人/物歸入類；分等級classify sb./sth. in/into. 把某人/某物歸為類,1)Zoologists _ them _ _ the structure of their bodies.動物學(xué)家按它們的身體結(jié)構(gòu)進行分類。(2)Eggs can _ their size.雞蛋可按大小分類,classify,according,be classified by,to,3)Would you _ her novels _ s

24、erious literature or other？你認為她的小說屬于文學(xué)類，還是其他類,classify,as,10.You can place a man by just a few remarks.你可以根據(jù)幾句談話來確定一個人是哪個地方的。Remark： v. gone B. had seen; had C. saw; was D. see; had gone,12. The English that will condemn her to the gutter to the end of her days. 那一口英語使她注定要在貧民窟里待一輩子. condemn vt.判刑，譴責(zé)

25、，使注定 condemn sb./sth for sth. 指責(zé).為 condemn sb to sth.判某人某種刑罰,使注定 法官判處罪犯死刑。 The judge the criminal,condemned,to death,condemnation n. 責(zé)難；判罪 She knew that society would （ ）(指責(zé)) her for leaving her children. There was widespread international（ ）of the bombing. He was found guilty and condemned（ ）death,

26、condemnation,condemn,to,13.Now once taught by me 一旦由我來教, When finished, the homework was handed in. 作業(yè)一完成就交上了去,以once, if, as, unless, when, though, although引導(dǎo)的狀語從句, 若從句主語與主句主語一致, 且從句中謂語動詞為 be+v.-ed 形式, 或從句中主謂結(jié)構(gòu)為 it is (was)+ adj.時, 則從句結(jié)構(gòu)可以直接由以上連詞加v-ed或adj.代替,Although tired, he continued climbing. 盡管

27、很累, 但他仍繼續(xù)爬著。 比較：While being operated, the machine sent off a lot of smoke. 機器被操作時, 冒出許多煙,1)When first_ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced,2)_, the vitamin C in them will be destroyed. If vegetables are cooked too long If

28、 cooked too long If cooking too long If being cooked too long,14. But, sir, (proudly) once educated to speak properly, the girl could pass herself off in three months as a duchess at an ambassadors garden party. 可是,先生(自豪地), 一旦那個女孩被教會說正確的英語, 她就能夠在三個月后由一位大使舉辦的舞會上冒充一位女公爵,這是一個復(fù)合句,從句為once she is educated

29、 to speak properly 的省略形式。 pass off as 冒充 She passed herself off as an American. 她冒充是美國人,He passed his secretary off as wife. 他把秘書冒充他的妻子。 pass off 停止;順利地舉行;躲開 pass by 走過;不理會 pass on 傳遞 pass through 通過,穿過,15. I came to England to make your acquaintance. (與人)相識 make sbs acquaintance/ make the acquainta

30、nce of sb結(jié)識某人 運用：根據(jù)漢語意思完成英文句子。 認識你我很高興。 Its a pleasure to_ 了解(U) (+with) I have some acquaintance with Spanish. 相識的人,熟人 She has many acquaintances in the business community,make your acquaintance,我是在西班牙度假時結(jié)識湯姆的。 I _ Tom when on holiday in Spain. 旅行時我認識很多有趣的人。 While _ (travel) I _ _many interesting people,travelling,made the acquaintance of,made the acquaintance of,16 .fortune：運氣,好運,幸運 一筆財富, 財產(chǎn)、錢財 （當(dāng)大筆的錢。巨款講時，常用作單數(shù)） 父親死時, 他繼承了一筆財富。 He received a large fortune when his father died. make a fortune 發(fā)財 Seek a fortune 尋找機會 fortunate adj. 幸運的 fortunately adv. 幸運地 Unfortunately