中考英語專題復習介詞

1、.專題：介詞尹會敏教學目標：一 了解介詞考察趨勢。二 了解介詞的定義和分類。三 學習并且掌握介詞的用法和解題技巧。四 掌握一些固定的介詞短語搭配。重點：學習并且掌握介詞的用法。難點：介詞解題技巧。教學過程1. 介詞的功能介詞是一種虛詞，用來表示名詞或相當于名詞的其它詞語句中其它詞的關(guān)系，不能單獨使用。介詞可與名詞或相當于名詞的其它詞構(gòu)成介詞短語。介詞短語可在句中作定語，狀語，表語和賓語補足語。例如：The boy over there is Johns brother. (定語)The girl will be back in two hours. (狀語)Our English teache

2、r is from Australia. (表語)Help yourself to some fish. (賓語補足語)2. 常用介詞的用法辨析（1）表時間的介詞1）at, in on表示時間點用at。例如：at six oclock, at noon, at midnight。表示在某個世紀，某年，某月，某個季節(jié)以及早晨，上午，下午，晚上時，用in。例如：in the nineteenth century, in 2002, in May, in winter, in the morning, in the afternoon等。表示具體的某一天和某一天的上午，下午，晚上時，用on。例如：o

3、n Monday, on July 1st, on Sunday morning, on a cold morning等。2）since, after由since和after 引導的詞組都可表示從過去某一點開始的時段，但since詞組表示的時段一直延續(xù)到說話的時刻，因而往往要與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。而after詞組所表示的時段純系過去，因而要與一般過去時連用。例如：I havent heard from him since last summer.After five days the boy cameback.3）in, afterin與將來時態(tài)連用時，表示“過多長時間以后”的意思，后面跟表示一段

4、時間的詞語。After與將來時態(tài)連用時，后面只能跟表示時間點的詞語。After與過去時態(tài)連用時，后面才能跟表示一段時間的詞語。例如：He will be back in two months.He will arrive after four oclock.He returned after a month.（2）表示地點的介詞1）at, in, onat一般指小地方；in一般指大地方或某個范圍之內(nèi)；on往往表示“在某個物體的表面”。例如：He arrived in Shanghai yesterday.They arrived at a small village before dark.T

5、here is a big hole in the wall.The teacher put up a picture on the wall.2）over, above, onover, on和above都可表示“在上面”，但具體含義不同。Over表示位置高于某物，在某物的正上方，其反義詞是under。 above也表示位置高于某物，但不一定在正上方，其反義詞是below。On指兩個物體表面接觸，一個在另一的上面。例如：There is a bridge over the river.We flew above the clouds. They put some flowers on the

6、 teachers desk.3）across, throughacross和through均可表示“從這一邊到另一邊”，但用法不同。Across的含義與on有關(guān)，表示動作在某一物體的表面進行。Through的含義與in有關(guān)，表示動作是在三維空間進行。例如：The dog ran across the grass.The boy swam across the river.They walked through the forest.I pushed through the crowds.4) in front of, in the front ofin front of 表示“在某人或某物的

7、前面”，在某個范圍以外；in the front of 表示“在的前部”，在某個范圍以內(nèi)。例如：There are some tall trees in front of the building.The teacher is sitting in the front of the classroom.3. 介詞的固定搭配 介詞往往同其他詞類形成了固定搭配關(guān)系。記住這種固定搭配關(guān)系，才能正確使用介詞。（1）介詞與動詞的搭配listen to , laugh at, get to, look for, wait for, hear from, turn on, turn off, worry a

8、bout, think of, look after, spendon, 等。（2）介詞與名詞的搭配on time, in time, by bus, on foot, with pleasure, on ones way to, in trouble, at breakfast, at the end of, in the end等。（3）介詞與形容詞的搭配be late for, be afraid of, be good at, be interested in, be angry with, be full of, be sorry for等。基礎訓練1. Youd better no

9、t go _ the forest. Its dangerous.2. Which room are you going to live _?3. The building is _ fire. There are some people _ thetop floor.4. Before 1990 there was no airline _ the two cities.5. Its not good to come late _ school.6. Whats wrong _ your bike?7. Thank you very much _ coming to see me.8. I

10、couldnt finish it _ your help.9. Dont laugh _ others mistakes.10. Do the twins look _ their father?11. How do you usually come to school every day?-Sometimes _ bike, sometimes _ foot.12. Its very kind _ you to help me _ my maths.13. Dont read _ the sun. Its bad _ your eyes.14. The teacher told us th

11、e moon travels _ the earth.15. You must learn these words _ heart, and answer my questions _ English.16. Please meet your uncle _ noon _ Saturday.17. Thanks _ your help. I finished the work before dark.18. Its cold and the temperature is _ zero during the night.19. The teacher is writing _ red ink _

12、 a piece of paper.20. The children are waiting _ the gate _ their mother.中考鏈接1. There are two classes _ Wednesday afternoon. (99南京) A. at B. in C. on D. to2. This programme was sent to the USA _ China _satellite. (99遼寧)A. in; of B. of; in C. from; by D. by; from3. The visitors _ Japan arrived _ Beij

13、ing Station last Tuesday morning.A. from; at B. of; to C. from; to D. of; on (99江西)4. Here are some presents _ you _ our best wishes. (99安徽)A. to; with B. for; with C. of; about D. for; for5. Lily asked her brother, Mike, not to be angry _ her. (99蘭州) A. in B. to C. with D. for6. Is everyone here go

14、od _ dancing? (99昆明) A. at B. on C. to D. for7. They arrived _ Guangzhou _ the morning of May 25. (98廣州)A. at; in B. in; in C. in; on D. at; during8. Children are often told not to play _ fire. (98上海) A. on B. for C. with D. under9. No one can stop her _ going away. (98河北) A. of B. from C. to D. out

15、 of10. The eraser goes _ one student _ another. (98福州)A. from; for B. from; till C. from; after D. from; to11. Youll get a nice present _ your parents _ your birthday.A. from; on B. for; at C. from; in D. of; during12. Lets wait _ her _ the corner of the street. A. on; on B. for; in C. at; at D. for

16、; at13. Look! The two men are _ trouble. They are calling _help.A. with; for B. in; for C. under; at D. into; out14. The boy filled the bottle _ some milk. Now its full _ milk.A. with; with B. of; with C. with; of D. off; without15. Mother always talks _ her friends _ the phone _weekend.A. with; on;

17、 at B. to; with; on C. about; on; through D. of; by; at16. When did he lend the dictionary _ you?-I borrowed it _ him the day before yesterday.A. from; to B. to; by C. to; from D. on; out of17. Uncle Wang lives _ a farm, but he works _ a factory.A. in; in B. to; in C. in; at D. on; in18. She came up

18、 to me, _ a smile _ her face.A. with; in B. like; on C. with; on D. without; at19. He wanted to ask _ some books _ music.A. for; in B. about; of C. for; on D. about; about20. His school is far _ his home, but near _ mine.A. from; to B. from; from C. to; to D. to; from 綜 合 型1. The bridge _ the river

19、is made _ big stone.A. on; from B. over; of C. above; in D. of; into2. He stayed _ his uncles _ a week.A. in; for B. with; till C. at; for D. for; about3. I cant swim _ the river _ a piece of wood.A. across; without B. through; with C. over; on D. in; by4. The desk _ the teacher is _ the classroom.A

20、. of; in front B. to; in front of C. at; before D. for; in the front of5. John cut the pear _ four pieces _ a knife.A. in; by B. into; with C. with; by D. to; in6. The other day I met a friend _ my way to school.A. of me on B. of my on C. in D. of mine on7. Its easy _ us to finish the work _ time.A.

21、 for; on B. of; in C. for; before D. of; at8. We, League members, should be strict _ ourselves _ our work.A. in; in B. with; with C. with; in D. in; with9. She asked me to sit _ her and help her _ Chinese.A. between; at B. beside; with C. before; in D. on; of10. Lin Tao answered all the questions _

22、the last one _usual.A. except; as B. beside; as C. except; on D. but; in11. Jims gone _ England with his family and he wont be back _ Monday.A. for; on B. to; at C. for; till D. to; until12. _ Christmas Eve, children all over Britain put a stocking_ the end of their beds before they go to sleep.A. A

23、t; by B. During; in C. On; at D. In; before13. Is the girl _ red _ duty today? A. with; on B. on; for C. of; at D. in; on14. _ a few years time, it will be covered _ many thousands of trees.A. In; with B. After; by C. In; on D. After; over15. Many old things _ show were used _ keeping tea hot.A. at;

24、 to B. on; for C. for; on D. in; as16. English is spoken _ a first language _ most people in the USA.A. by; as B. as; by C. for; of D. like; in17. We visited him _ his workplace _ the young trees.A. in; beside B. at; along C. at; among D. to; between18. It will stop the sand _ moving _ the rich farm

25、land in the south.A. from; towards B. from; to C. into; towards D. at; down19. Whats the difference _ a sheep and a goat?A. from B. to C. between D. among20. They got _ the foot of the mountain just now.A. at B. in C. to D. off21. My father returned at 10 oclock _ of June 15. (2000重慶)A. in the night

26、 B. by the night C. on the night D. at night22. He often mistakes me _ my brother. (2000黑龍江) A. to B. as C. for D. with23. China has built a Great Green Wall _ the northern part _ the country.A. to; in B. across; of C. across; on D. at; of (2000遼寧)24. Thank you very much _ lending the eraser _ me. (

27、2000河南)A. for; at B. to; to C. for; to D. to; for25. Since you are _ trouble, why not ask _ help?(2000安徽)A. in; for B. in; to C. with; for D. with; to26. My aunt arrived here _ a warm spring morning. (2001哈爾濱) A. in B. at C. on D. by27. His father has been _ Australia _ 1998. (2001汕頭)A. to; in B. in; since C. to; from D. in; from28. Mr. Black was angry _ Jim _ laughing _ him.(2002汕頭) A.at; for; to B. for; with; on C.