七年級英語第三單元語法篇

1、unit 3 the earth（語法篇）一.可數名詞和不可數名詞1. 可數名詞的用法（1）可數名詞有單復數之分。可數名詞單數形式常為名詞本身，且一般要在其前加冠詞或其他限定詞。單數可數名詞做主語時，謂語動詞常用單數形式。eg：my name is alice.（2）名詞負數形式一般是在名詞詞尾加-s（-es），具體變化規(guī)則如下：大多數名詞變復數時均在詞尾加-s。如：rulerrulers, bookbooks以s，x，ch，sh結尾的在詞尾加-es。如：watchwatches以“輔音字母+y”結尾的，變y為i，再加-es。如：familyfamilies，strawberrystrawbe

2、rries以f，fe結尾的，變y為i，再加-es。如：knife（小刀）knives，wifewives以o結尾的，一般來說加-s。如：zoozoos，photophotos；也有單詞加-es，如：tomatotomatoes，potatopotatoes，heroheroes名詞變復數不規(guī)則變化：通過內部元音變化構成復數。womanwomen，manmen，footfeet，toothteeth，goosegeese有些名詞的單復數形式相同。sheepsheep（綿羊），deerdeer（鹿），chinesechinese,japanesejapanese有些名詞單復數形式不同。childc

3、hildren，mousemice（老鼠）2.不可數名詞的用法不可數名詞不能計數，一般沒有復數形式，也不能用不定冠詞a/an或數詞one直接修飾。它包括物質名詞和抽象名詞。不可數名詞作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。eg：this is glue.這是膠水。不可數名詞可用some，any，much，a lot of，（a）little，a bit of來修飾，表示一定的量。eg：i dont have any milk, but i have some tea. 我沒有牛奶，但我有茶。不可數名詞可用表示數量的名詞來表示其數量，此時的名詞有復數形式。eg：three bags of milk a

4、re three yuan. 3袋牛奶3元錢。二.there be句型there be句型表示其地或某時有某物。there是引導詞，本身無實際意義；be是謂語動詞，be后的名詞是真正的主語。其句式變化見下表：肯定式there+be+主語+地點狀語/時間狀語eg：there is a car in front of the house.否定式there+be+not+主語+其他.eg：there isnt any water here.一般疑問句及其答語be+there+主語+其他？yes,there+be./no,there+be+not. eg：are there any books in

5、the bag?yes, there are./no,there arent.當主語是可數名詞單數或不可數名詞時，其謂語必須用單數；當主語是可數名詞復數時，其謂語必須用復數。如果there be句型后的主語是幾個并列名詞時，則根據第一個名詞地點數確定be的形式，即該名詞若是單數或不可數名詞，be用單數；該名詞若是復數，be用復數。將來時結構there will be./there be going to be. eg：there will/is going to be a meeting tomorrow.實踐才是硬道理：一. 單項選擇1. are there any maps on the

6、wall? a. there are some. b. yes, there is. c. yes, there is one. d. no, there are.2. how many _ are there in the picture? a. woman b. women c. boy d. milk3. there on the wall .they are very beautiful.a. are photoes b. are photos c. is a photo d. is photos4. there are four and two in the group.a. jap

7、anese, germen b. japaneses, germen c. japanese, german d. japanese, germans5. the boys have got already. a. two bread b. two breads c. two pieces of bread d. two piece of bread6. the old man wants .a. six boxes of apples b. six boxes of apple c. six box of apples d. six boxs of apples7. there some i

8、n the river. a. is, fish b. are, fishs c. is, fishs d. are, fish8. we should clean twice a day. a .our tooth b. our tooths c. teeth d. our teeth9. the meeting room is near the reading room. a. teacher b. teachers c. teachers d. teachers10. in britain are all painted red. a. letter boxes b. letters b

9、oxes c. letter box d. letters box11. there are birds in that big tree. a. hundreds of b. five hundreds of c. five hundred of d. hundred of12. there two bowls of rice on the table. a. is b. have c. has d. are13. there not milk in the cup on the table.a. are, many b. are, much c. is, many d. is, much1

10、4. there is some on the table.a. apple b. orange c. cake d. sandwich15. there isnt _ paper in the box. will you go and get some for me? a. any b. some c. a d. an16. how many _ are there in your classroom? a. desks b. desk c. chair d. door17. there _ something wrong with our classroom. a. are b. has

11、c. is d. have18. _ any flowers on both sides of the street ? a. is there b. are there c. has d. have19. there _ a football match on tv this evening. a. will have b. is going to be c. has d. is going to have20. there _ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. you can take any of them. a. are b. is c.

12、has d. have二完形填空bruce likes playing 1 a river. but there 2 a river near his new house. he is not very happy.one day, he asks 3 mother,“ 4 a river near here?”“no, there 5 ”,his mother says, “but 6 new house has a garden? ”“i dont like 7 ”says bruce.one morning, his mother says “ 8 is a beautiful park

13、 near here. bruce, and there 9 two pools in it. well go there this afternoon.” bruce is very happy.after lunch, bruce and his mother 10 the park, and he plays in one of the pools. he has a very good time.( )1.a. atb. toc. ind. from( )2.a. isntb. isc. arentd. are( )3.a. herb. hisc. ourd. their( )4.a.

14、 there isb. are therec. there ared. is there( )5.a. isntb. isc. arentd. are( )6.a. yourb. myc. ourd. us( )7.a. youb. mec. themd. it( )8.a. theyb. itc. thisd. there ( )9.a. isb. arec. isntd. arent( )10.a. go tob. comes toc. tod. come三. 閱讀理解it seems to us that the earth stands quite still (靜止的). but i

15、t is really moving all the time. it turns around a make-believe line through its center. we call this make-believe line the earths axis (地軸). the two ends of the earths axis are called its poles (極). the earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.we look at the sun and say it travels acros

16、s the sky, but the sun doesnt really do so. the turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky. we cant see that the earth is moving because everything else on the earth is turning with us. as the earth turns around every twenty-four hours, first one half faces the sun a

17、nd then the other half. when our half of the earth is facing the sun, we say it is day. when our half is away from the sun, we say it is night. it is the turning of the earth that tells us when to go to bed and when to get up.1.the meaning of a make-believe line is a line that _.a. is called pole b.

18、 we cant seec. anyone can see d. we can make and believe2.it takes the earth _ to turn around its axis once.a. a week b. a month c. 12 hours d. 24 hours3.usually we say, the sun rises in the east and sets in the west. in fact, the sun _.a. does not move b. is moving all the timec. moves sometimes d.

19、 is too heavy to move4.we cant see the earth moving because _.a. the earth stands stillb. everything on the earth is moving with usc. the earth is smaller than the sund. the earth goes only at night5.when our part of the earth turns away from the sun we have _, and when our part faces the sun we hav

20、e _.a. day; night b. day; day c. night; day d. night; night四寫出下列名詞的復數形式1、orange 2、class 3、text 4、monkey 5、piano 6、child 7、shelf 8、bed 9、country 10、family 11、toy 12、foot 13、japanese 14、radio 15、potato 16、army 17、tomato 18、fox 19、woman 20、knife 21、sheep 五根據所給漢語完成句子。1. 桌子上有一本書和兩支鋼筆。there a book and two

21、 pens on the desk.2. 錢包里有些錢。there some money in the picture.3. 在吉姆的書包里有一些卡片。 some cards in jims bag.4. 里面還有其他的東西嗎？ anything else in it?5. 我們學校有許多班。there many _ in our school.6. 樹上沒有鳥。there _ _ birds in the tree.7. 樹上有很多蘋果。_ _ _apples _the tree.六句型轉換：1.there is a woman near the house.（變復數） 2. there a

22、re some buses near the hill.（變單數） 3. there are some apples on the tree.（變一般問句） 4. there is some orange in the glass.（變否定句） 5. is there a baby in the room?（變復數） 6. there arent any pictures on the wall. (同意句轉換)there _ _ pictures on the wall.7. there is no milk in the glass. (同意句轉換)there milk in the gl

23、ass.8. there are four children on the playground. (就劃線部分提問)_ children _ on the playground?9. there is only one cat behind the door. (就劃線部分提問) _ there behind the door?10. there is some water in the bottle. (就劃線部分提問)_ there in the bottle?參考答案：一15：cbbdc 610：aadca 1115：aadba 1620：acbbb二15：cabda :610：cdd

24、ba三15：1.b。根據句子的意思及地理課上學到的知識，可知地球繞其中心旋轉的那條線叫做地軸。這是一條假想的、看不見的東西。故答案是b。2.d。根據the earth travels twenty-four hours around its axis once.這個句子可直接選出正確答案。事實上，確切地說，地球自轉一周所用的時間是23時48分46秒。3.a。答案就在 but the sun doesnt really do so. the turning of the earth makes us feel as if the sun were moving across the sky.這兩句話中。選項d迷惑性較大，但是這利用由地理知識來排除。4.b。這是表層理解題，很明顯答案在because everything else on