導(dǎo)學(xué)案---讓非謂語動詞作定語,狀語及賓補(bǔ)有規(guī)可尋

1、導(dǎo)學(xué)案-讓非謂語動詞作定語，狀語及賓補(bǔ)有規(guī)可尋Teaching aims : 1. Know nonfinite verbs in forms.2. Teach the students the right approach to solving the problems about nonfinite verbs used as adverbial, object complement and attribute.Important and difficult points:Train the stude nts to form a thought and apply it into pra

2、ctice.Teaching procedures:一.Forms of Non-Predicate Verbs1. 現(xiàn)在分詞：(prese nt participle)時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài) 主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式 完成式 2. 過去分詞： (past participle) 3. 不定式：(infinitive )時(shí)態(tài)語態(tài) 主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)一般式 進(jìn)行式 完成式 二.用作狀語(as adverbial)(一) doing/being done【觀察與思考】1. Walking out of the room, he found the boy still there.2. They stood ther

3、e, glaring at each other.3. Not knowing what to do n ext, he went to his teacher for advice.4. Being surrounded, the rebel troops were forced to surrender.【歸納與總結(jié)】 時(shí)間性。作狀語的分詞與謂語動詞 發(fā)生；人稱一致性。分詞的 就是句子的主語。語態(tài)性。與句子的主語之間的關(guān)系，若是主謂關(guān)系則用；若動賓關(guān)系則用?！眷柟膛c運(yùn)用】1. (不知道) her address, we can t get in touch with each other.

4、(know)2. (動動腦筋),you will find a way. (use)3. They entered the theater, (又說又笑 ).(talk, laugh )4. Her husband died in an accident, (給她留下兩個(gè)孩子 ).(leave)5. (使用)by us now, can the car be lent to you? (use)(二) having done/having been done【觀察與思考】1. Having been separated from other continents for millions of

5、 years, Australia has many pla nts and ani mals not found in any other country in the world.2. Having heard the good news, he couldn t help laughing.【歸納與總結(jié)】時(shí)間性。作狀語的分詞在謂語動詞 發(fā)生；人稱一致性。分詞的 就是句子的主語。語態(tài)性。與句子的主語之間的關(guān)系，若是主謂關(guān)系則用 _ ;若動賓關(guān)系則用 ?！眷柟膛c運(yùn)用】1. (與 斷絕)the outside world for 20 years, he hardly knew what ha

6、ppened.(cut)2. (患)heart diseases for many years, he takes his medicine wherever he goes. (suffer)3. (未收至U) an answer ,he wrote again. ( receive )(三) done【觀察與思考】1. Used as a means of traffic in China, the bike is very useful.2. Written in simple English, the book is easy to read.【歸納與總結(jié)】時(shí)間性。作狀語的分詞與謂語動

7、詞之間不強(qiáng)調(diào)動作的先后； 人稱一致性。分詞的 就是句子的主語。 語態(tài)性。句子的主語常是分詞動作的 ?！眷柟膛c運(yùn)用】1. (給予更多的關(guān)注) ，the trees could have grown better. (give , attention)2. (建造于)1992, the bridge was very useful.(build)3. (受至U 丟失的困擾) of such a valuable jewel, she hires a famous detectiveto in vestigate the theft. (trouble)4. (了解了) facts and figu

8、res , customers are better able to deal with the oftenpowerful argume nts give n by a salesma n or saleswome n.(arm)5. (以 為背景) my hometown, the film is well received by us.(set)6. (未及時(shí)治療 ),it would produce a powerful poison that would kill the patient.(treat)(四) to do【觀察與思考】1. Tim sat n ear the fire

9、 to get warm.2. The athletes practised hard so as to win the match.3. In order to achieve this aim ,we must lear n from other coun tries.4. Would you be so kind as to step this way, please?5. I tried the door, only to find it locked in side.6. I am very happy to join the Party.【歸納與總結(jié)】1. 從1-3可以看出不定式作

10、目的狀語 ，常用 / / .2. 從4-5可以看出不定式作結(jié)果狀語，常用于/ 固定搭配中。還如:tooto,eno ugh to so + 形容詞 /畐U詞 + as to, such + 名詞 + as to do 等。3. 從6可以看出不定式作原因狀語，常用一些表示變化的形容詞搭配?！眷柟膛c運(yùn)用】1. They ran over the foreign guests.(welcome)2. Let s hurry for the meeting. (late)3. She was (太激動而說不出 )a single word. (say)4. We found the room (不是足

11、夠的大而容纟內(nèi) )so many people. (hold)5. I am not (女口此一個(gè)傻瓜以至于就相信)what he has said.(believe)6. He tried to answer my question, (去卩失敗了 ). (fail)7. I am very pleased (和你交了朋友 )you. (make)【附】不定式否定為 ;強(qiáng)調(diào)作目的狀語的不定式，常用in order (not) to , so as (not)to短語前者可放在句首，也可放在句中；后者只能放在句中。三. 用作賓語補(bǔ)足語( As object complement)【觀察與思考】

12、1.1 am sorry Ikepteyou waiting.2. It s quite interestingplok at people playing chess.3. With the boy leading the way, I had no difficulty in finding the way to the primary school.4. We found him being served in the hall.5. I noticed tears come into his eyes.6. My teacher asked me to go there on time

13、.7. With a lot of homework to do , I had to stay at home.8. They found their shop windows painted .9. I saw an old man knocked dow n by a car just now.【歸納與總結(jié)】從時(shí)間性，人稱一致性及語態(tài)性三方面分析：1. 1-4用了 充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，而且賓語是充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)動詞的 或表示動作正在 。2. 5-7,用了 充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，而且賓語是充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)動詞的，多表示動作的全過程或未發(fā)生的動作。3. 8-9,用了 充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)，而且賓語是充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)動詞的，多表示動作已完成。4. 用

14、作賓補(bǔ)的常是非謂語動詞的 / / ?！緶剀疤崾尽扛泄賱釉~feel, find , hear, notice, observe, see, watch 等及使動詞 let, have,make常接省去to的不定式充當(dāng)賓補(bǔ)。其被動要把省去to加上。如：She was ofte n heard to sing the song at home.【鞏固與運(yùn)用】1. She felt her heart (跳得飛快)。(beat)2. They saw their shop windows (在粉刷)by two workers.(paint)3. I won t see this kind of th

15、in (happen) again.4. I often see my child (認(rèn)真做家庭作業(yè)).(do)5. He was seen (帶走)by a policeman . (take)6. I heard him (arrest) by the police for selling Shaking Head Pills .7. With the matter (settle), we all went home.8. She stood in front of him, with (眼睛盯著他的臉).(fix)9. I have (理發(fā))once a mon th. ( cut)四

16、. 用作定語(as attribute)(一)不定式【觀察與思考】1. Charles Lindbergh is the first man to fly the Atlantic alone.( 關(guān)系)2. She has a good chanee to go to college. (關(guān)系)3. He has got lots of questions to ask. (關(guān)系)【歸納與總結(jié)】1. 不定式作定語一般表示 發(fā)生的情況，放在所修飾詞之。2. 所修飾詞與不定式之間通常表示邏輯上的關(guān)系/ 關(guān)系/關(guān)系?！緶剀疤崾尽坎欢ㄊ脚c被修飾詞之間有動賓關(guān)系，同時(shí)句中又有不定式的邏輯主語時(shí)，盡管有

17、被動含義，卻仍用主動語態(tài)；否則，則需用被動語態(tài)。例如：Do you have anything to say on the questio n?There is nothing for me to worry about.Do you have anything to be taken to your sister?（you 不是 take 的動作執(zhí)行者；請人帶去）【觀察與思考】1. The road leading to my hometow n is very n arrow.2. The problem being discussednow has someth ing importa

18、nt.3. The thief caught by the police last night was put into prison.4. Tomorrow he will drive his repaired car to visit the whole world.5. The fallen leaves accumulated on the ground.【歸納與總結(jié)】1. 現(xiàn)在分詞：從 時(shí)間上，表示與謂語動詞動作 發(fā)生或發(fā)生的動作；從語態(tài)上若被修飾詞是該動作的執(zhí)行者用_ ;承受者則用_ 。2. 過去分詞：不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語多表示動作的 ;及物動詞的過去分詞作定語則多表示被動或

19、完成與被動。3. 作定語用的分詞多為現(xiàn)在分詞的 和 。通?，F(xiàn)在分詞的不能作定語。【鞏固與運(yùn)用】1. The room （面對著大海）is my g randpa s（ face）2. The bridge （建于二十世紀(jì)五十年代）broke down in the flood. （ build）3. The train （大約十分鐘后至U達(dá)的 ）is from London. （arrive）4. The problem （在討論的）has somethi ng to do with our daily life.（discuss）5. The flowers （聞起來很香）in the bo

20、tanic garden attract the visitors to thebeauty of nature. （sweet）7. He spent a lot of his spare time in （拜訪這位退休老師）。（visit, retire）8. Would you please give me （一些寫字的紙）。（write） ?五。 結(jié)束語：1.非謂語動詞作定語，狀語及賓補(bǔ)是有規(guī)可尋的，關(guān)鍵要學(xué)會思考。2.找到非謂語動詞邏輯主語來確定還是;確定非謂語動詞動作時(shí)間.六. Homework1. （沒見有人 ）at home, she decided to leave them a note. （see ）2. （努力學(xué)習(xí)）,you will make great progress soon