(完整版)人教版高中英語選修7Unit4知識點詳解

1、 unit 4 sharing核心單詞1. relevantadj. 有關的；切題的常用結構：be relevant to= have sth. to do with 與有關the meeting is relevant to the matter in hand.這次會議與正在進行的事情有密切關系。in the exams, make sure that everything you write is relevant to the questions you have beenasked.在考試時一定要注意，你寫的所有內容都要切合題意。聯(lián)想拓展relevance n.關聯(lián)；相關性have

2、relevance to 與有關be irrelevant to 與無關have no relevance to=have nothing to do with 與無關what you say has no relevance to the subject.你所說的與主題無關。表示“和有關”的相關短語：be related tobe connected withbe concerned withbe linked tobe associated withbe involved inhave something to do with高手過招單項填空topics for compositions

3、should beto the experiences and interests of the students.b. dependentd. relevanta. concernedc. concerning解析：選 d。句意為：作文的題目應與學生的經(jīng)歷和興趣有關。be relevant to 與有關；而 concerning 是介詞，相當于 about,后面不加 to。2. adjustvt.&vi.調整；使適合i usually adjust my watch before i go to work in the morning.我通常早上上班前校準我的表。常用結構：adjust(st

4、h.oneself)(to sth.)使適應；適應it seems that the newcomers have adjusted themselves in the schoo1. 新來的同學看來適應了學校生活。he adjusted himself very quickly to the heat of the country. 他使自己很快適應了這個國家炎熱的氣候。these desks and chairs can be adjusted to the height of any child. 這些桌子和凳子能被調整到適第 1 頁 共 12 頁 合任何孩子的高度。聯(lián)想拓展adjust

5、ment n. 調整；修正adjustable adj. 可調節(jié)的；可調整的注意：該詞作不及物動詞時，意為“適應于”，后常跟介詞 to。高手過招(1)單項填空you cant see things clearly through a telescope unless it iscorrectly to your sight.d. testeda. adjustedyou cana. adjust; to(2)翻譯句子b. examinedthis deskc. checkedthe height of any child.c. suit; tob. make; tod. remain; for

6、（原創(chuàng)）他很快就適應了這種生活方式，從此幸福地生活著。許多新兵沒能很快的適應軍中生活，結果病倒了。解析：(1)選 a。句意為：通過望遠鏡你看不清東西，除非你把它調好。adjust .to 調整以適應。選 a。句意為: 你可以調節(jié)這張桌子以適應孩子的身高。 adjust sth. to sth.調整某物以適應某物。(2)he soon adjusted himself to the way of life and has lived happily ever since.quite a few new soldiers could not adjust themselves to army li

7、fe and fell ill.3. participatevi. 參加,參與；有關系常用結構：participate in 參加,參與participate in sth. with sb. 同某人參與某事everyone in class is expected to participate in these discussions. 希望全班同學都能參與這些討論。聯(lián)想拓展participant n.participation n.易混辨析參加者,參與的人參與；分享participate in/attend/join/take part in/join inparticipate in 正

8、式用語，表示參加，參與。強調與他人共同參加某一活動，暗示以一種積極的態(tài)度參加。attend 正式用語，一般用于指參加會議，出席典禮或招待會等，也可以指上學，聽課，聽演講或講座等。join 常用詞，作及物動詞；通常指參加某組織或團體，并成為其中的一員，其賓語往往是 the army/party/team/club 等。take part in 指參加群眾性的活動，側重說明主語參加該項活動并在其中發(fā)揮一定的作用。part 前若有修飾語，要用不定冠詞。如 take (an active) part in school/activities。join in 參加正在進行的活動，其賓語一般是競賽、娛樂、

9、談話、討論、聚會、游戲等名詞，可以用于 join in (doing) sth./join sb. in (doing) sth. 結構中。第 2 頁 共 12 頁 高手過招(1)單項填空the teacher is easy-going, and she oftenin the pupilsgames.a. participatesc.joinedb. actsd. took part(2)用方框內所給單詞或短語的適當形式填空（原創(chuàng)）join/join in/take part in/attend/participate inthey allthe plot.at the age of ei

10、ghteen, hethe party.the childrenhe didntthe english evening and had a good time.school yesterday because of his illness.zhou enlaithe student movements actively when he was at school.(1)解析：選a。由時態(tài)可排除c，d 兩項；根據(jù)句意表示的是“參加一個活動”可知，答案選a。(2)participated in joined joined in attend took part in4. privilegen. 特

11、權；特別待遇vt. 給予特權常用結構：enjoy privileges 享受特權the privilege of doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事privilege sb. from . 給某人特權使某人免于i hope to have the privilege of working with them again. 但愿有幸和他們再度合作。聯(lián)想拓展privileged adj.有特權的be privileged to do sth.榮幸地去做某事we are privileged to welcome you as our speaker this evening. 我

12、們榮幸地歡迎你今晚來給我們做演講。解析：選b。句意為：女士們，先生們，我非常榮幸地介紹今晚的演講嘉賓。privilegeof doing sth./to do sth.有幸做某事。5. donatev. 捐贈，贈送常用結構：donate sth. to sb. 向某人捐贈某物she donated a large sum of money to the charity.她捐了一大筆錢給那個慈善機構。the van was donated to us by a local firm.這輛貨車是當?shù)匾患夜揪栀浗o我們的。聯(lián)想拓展donation n. 捐贈；捐贈物；捐款make/give/pres

13、ent a donation to sb. 捐贈給某人send a donation to 把捐款寄至promise a donation 應允捐贈高手過招完成句子（原創(chuàng)）he(捐贈)a million to the school.第 3 頁 共 12 頁 the rest of the money we get is答案：donated from donations單項填空(來自捐贈).()(1)local people are lining up to _ blood for the badly burnt girl in yesterdaysbig fire.a. abandon)(2)

14、if we all save a little money every day to _ to the project hope, then manydropouts can return to school again.a. send b. donate(1)c (2)bb. arrangec. donated. handle(c. presentd. give6. purchasevt.& n.買；購買; (以某種代價)換得；(經(jīng)過努力)取得，贏得(常與 with 連用)the new couple spent some money on the purchase of the furni

15、ture necessary for their new house.這對新婚夫婦花費了一些錢購買新房子里必備的家具。the farm was sold at ten years常用結構：purchase. 這農場以相當于十年土地收入的價錢售出。made a purchase 買件東西leave sb.to his purchase 讓某人自謀生路live on ones purchase 自謀生計，自找活路purchase freedom with blood以血的代價贏得自由purchase and sale 買賣高手過招翻譯句子這是我前幾天買來的一件東西。你不努力什么也不能得到。他給他的

16、兒子一些錢買課本。答案： it is a recent purchase of mine/what i purchased the other day.you cant get any purchase without efforts/purchase anything if you dont make any effort.he gave his son some money for the purchase ofto purchase school books.7. distribution n.分配；分發(fā) 分布狀態(tài)at present, the distribution of profi

17、ts cannot satisfy most of the people. 目前利潤的分配未能滿足大多數(shù)人。聯(lián)想拓展distribute vt. 分配; 散布distribute sth. to 把某物分配/分發(fā)給distribute sth. among 在分發(fā)某物before the opening ceremony of the super-market, some workers are sent to distribute handbills onthe street.超市開業(yè)前，一些工作人員被派去街上散發(fā)傳單。高手過招翻譯句子幼兒園的老師正在給小朋友們派發(fā)禮物。救援物資的發(fā)放依然在

18、討論中。第 4 頁 共 12 頁 答案：the teacher in the kindergarten is distributing the gifts to the children.the distribution of the rescuing goods is under discussion.8. otherwise adv.除此之外其他方面 adv.& conj.否則；不然well go early, otherwise we may not get a seat.我們得早點去，要不然就沒有座位了。i was ill that day, otherwise i would hav

19、e taken part in the sports meet.那天我病了，否則我會去參加運動會的。he is rich, but otherwise an unhappy man.他有錢，但在其他方面是個不幸福的人。their arrival livened up an otherwise dull afternoon. 他們的到來讓除了無聊其他還算好的下午活躍起來。句型otherwise / or / or else 引導的后面的分句中常用 would / could / might / should have done的形式表示虛擬語氣。they got two free tickets

20、 to canada；otherwise theyd never have been able to afford to go.a surveyors inspection of the building revealed faults that might otherwise have beenoverlooked.單項填空()(1)the program has saved thousands of children who would _ have died.a. therefore b. anyhow c. furthermore d. otherwise)(2)i was caugh

21、t in a traffic jam for over an hour, otherwise i _ you waiting for(such a long time.a. will not keepc. had not keptb. have not keptd. would not have kept即境活用 10 make sure the gas is turned off after a bath, which would_cause danger.asomehowcotherwisebmeanwhiledfurthermore解析otherwise 否則，符合句意。somehow

22、不知怎么地；meanwhile 在此期間；furthermore而且。答案c9. operate v.根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)more important, it could improve the skills to operate the computer.(2)a playgroup operates on the campus.(3)the whole tax system is now operating more efficiently.(4)he did this although he only had permission to operate on the right ear.

23、根據(jù)語義找匹配a. (企業(yè)，團體)經(jīng)營，營業(yè)b. (機器或設備)操作；操縱c. (系統(tǒng)或過程)運作；運行d. 動手術；開刀(1)b (2)a (3)c (4)d短語operate on / upon sb. 給某人動手術operate a business 經(jīng)營一家企業(yè)come / go into operation 開始工作 / 運轉；生效put / bring into operation 實施，施行第 5 頁 共 12 頁 do / perform / carry out an operation 實施行動be in operation 在運轉中，在行動中，在實施中完成句子(1)what

24、 skills are needed to _ (操作這臺機器)?(2)the new rules _ (開始生效)from next week.(3)the system _ (已經(jīng)運行)for six months.(4)we will have to _ (給他的眼睛動手術)(1) operate this machine(2) come into operation(3) has been in operation(4) operate on his eyes10. voluntary adj.自愿的；志愿的；無償?shù)腶ll the teachers work on an entirel

25、y voluntary basis.所有的這些老師都是志愿工作的。thirty two patients volunteered for the research study.32位病人自愿參加這項研究。on a voluntary basis 在自愿的基礎上volunteer for.自愿參加do voluntary work 參加志愿工作volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事volunteer as.志愿當即境活用 5 he _ as a teacher in tibet.avotedbvolunteereddreactedcparticipated解析volunteer as

26、 自愿當。答案b重點短語11. make any (a) difference to 對有任何關系或影響；對起作用it makes a difference which you choose.你選擇哪一個，事關重大。your support will certainly make a difference in our cause.你的支持當然會在我們的事業(yè)中發(fā)揮重要作用。聯(lián)想拓展make no/a little/much/some difference沒有/有一點/有很大的/有一些差別tell the difference between 說出的差別make a difference bet

27、ween 區(qū)分高手過招單項填空does ita.tellany difference whether we leave at 9:00 or at 10:00?b. be c. give d. make解析：選 d。句意為：我們是 9 點還是 10 點離開會有什么影響嗎？make any difference有影響。12. stick out (of sth.)=stick sth. out of 伸出；突出dont stick your arm out of the car window. 不要把胳膊伸出車窗外。聯(lián)想拓展第 6 頁 共 12 頁 stick out for 堅持索取；堅決要求

28、stick together 團結在一起；站在一起stick to 堅持；忠于stick up 向上突起；豎起stick up for 支持；維護高手過招單項填空once you made a decision, you shouldit.a.stick outb. stick toc. persist ind. insist on解析：選 b?？疾閯釉~短語辨析。句意為：一旦你作出決定，你就應該堅持下去。stick to+n./pron. 堅持；stick out 突出；堅持；persist in 固執(zhí)己見； insist on doing sth. 堅持做某事。根據(jù)句意，選 b。13. ge

29、t through根據(jù)語境猜詞義(1)lets start; theres a lot of work to get through today.(2)i finally managed to get through my driving test.(3)i tried ringing you several times but i couldnt get through.(4) dont know how were going to get through the winter.根據(jù)語義找匹配a. 通過b. 接通d. 完成c. 熬過；度過(1)d (2)a (3)b (4)c單項填空()(1

30、)readers can _ quite well without knowing the exact meaning of each word.a. get overc. get alongb. get ind. get through()(2)when i was very young, i was terribly frightened of school, but i soon _ it.a. got offb. got awayd. got overc. got across用適當?shù)慕樵~填空(3)the government managed to get the new law _.

31、(4)our new manager is easy to get along _.(5)the farmers are busy getting _ crops these days.(1) c (2) d(3) through(4) with(5) e across 偶然遇到或發(fā)現(xiàn);碰見(無被動語態(tài))用法拓展come about 發(fā)生come along / on 一起來;一道走;趕快come out 出來;開花;出版come at 攻擊;撲向come to 達到;總計為;蘇醒(過來)come up with 想出;提出come to an end 結束第 7 頁 共 12

32、 頁 come into effect / force / use 生效/開始使用16.in need 在困難中;在危急中用法拓展in need / want of 需要the need for sth 對的需要at ones need 在某人困難時satisfy / meet ones needs 滿足某人的需要in surprise 吃驚地in trouble 處于困境in danger 處于危險中there is no need to do sth. 沒有必要做某事i understand your company is司需要一些新計算機設備。單項填空some new computer

33、equipment.我獲悉你們公(2012 浙江杭州高三期中)the charity aims to provide assistance to people.a.in favourc.in publicb.in particulard.in need【答案與解析】d 考查介詞短語辨析。由 assistance 可知此處應該指提供幫助給在困境中的人。in need“在困境中”,符合語境。in favour“贊同”; in particular“尤其”; in public“公開地;當眾”。17. the other day 不久前的一天（一般過去時）one day (過去時或將來時)some

34、day(將來時)即境活用 13 i havent seen bob these days, and i wonder how things go with him?i_him the other day; he said he worked in a chemical works.aam going to seecsawbhave seendhad seen解析the other day 與一般過去時連用。答案c重點句型1. i know youre dying to hear all about my life here, so ive included some photos which

35、willhelp you picture the places i talk about. 我知道你急于了解我在這里的生活情況。我在信中附有幾張照片，能夠幫助你想像出我所談到的地方。be dying to do sth 意為“極想做某事”。all of them are dying to see the movie. 他們所有人都極想看那部電影。聯(lián)想拓展be dying for sth. 極想得到某物(1)表示“渴望”的相關短語:be thirsty for sth.be eager to do sth.desire to do sth.have a strong desire for sth

36、.long to do sth./ for sth.第 8 頁 共 12 頁 starve for sth.have an urge to do sth.be keen to do sth./ be keen on doing sth.(2) 有關 “die” 的短語die off 相繼死亡die away 消逝；靜下來die out 滅絕，廢除；絕跡die down 平息；變弱die for ones country 為國家捐軀用 die 的適當短語填空(1) you may _ know what your new lady thinks about you and your behavi

37、or.(2) the deer in the forest are all _ from disease.(3) the noise of the car _ in the distance.(4) those species inadaptable to changing conditions may _.(1) be dying to(2) dying off(3) died away(4) die out高手過招單項填空smallpox, a kind of disease, has now dieda. out b. away.c. offd. down解析：選 a?？疾槎陶Z辨析。 d

38、ie out 滅絕，消失;die away 漸息；die down 平息；die off (花、草)枯死。根據(jù)句意，選 a。2. there were no windows and the doorway was just big_enough_to_get_through沒. 有窗戶，門口只能勉強通過。句法分析(1)enough 用作形容詞常見的搭配是：enoughn. to do sth.或者 n.enough to do sth.enoughn. for sb. to do sth.(2)enough 用作副詞常見的搭配是：adj./adv.enough(for sb.)to do st

39、h.(3)enough 用作代詞作主語或賓語時常見的搭配是：enough for.對來說足夠了enough to do sth.足夠去做enough of(doing)sth.太多3.the other day i was showing the boys the weekly chemistry experiment when, before iknew it, the mixture was bubbling over everywhere. 有一天,我正在給孩子們做每周一次的化學實驗的演示,我還沒明白怎么回事,混合劑就到處冒氣泡了。要點精講本句為一個復雜的復合句,when 這個時間狀語從

40、句中,由一個 before 引導的時間狀語從句加主句構成。(2010 陜西) john thinks it wont be longhe is ready for hisnew job.a.whenb.afterc.befored.since第 9 頁 共 12 頁 【答案與解析】c 本題考查句式“it wont be long befor表e.示.“”過,不了多久就”。句意:約翰認為不久他就能為他的新工作作好準備。4. but last weekend another teacher, jenny, and i visit a village which is the home of one

41、 ofthe boys, tombe. 不過,上周末我和另外一位叫詹妮的教師去訪問了一個村莊,那是我學生湯貝的家。該句中的 which 引導定語從句,在從句中作主語,可以與 that相替換。(2011四川)the school shop,is closed for the holidays.customers are mainly students,a.whichb.whosec.whend.where用關聯(lián)詞完成句子1.the mani saw told me to wait.2.can you think of anyone3.look at that ladycould look aft

42、er him?name is pochi.4.she is a teacher5.those picturesi like very much.were drawn by tom are nice.5. she was dying to see him again but whhaet_diifdnwtant to see her她? 渴望再見到他，但如果他不想見她怎么辦？what i“f 如果將會怎樣；即使又有什么關系”，為省略結構，相當于what shall we/ido if.? what中ifwhat 可看做是 what should sb. do某(人該怎么辦)或 what does

43、 imtatter(有什么要緊) 或 what would happen將(會如何)的省略。what if he gets angry?倘若他生氣該怎么辦？what if they do not come?即使他們不來又有什么關系呢？拓展：(1)what for?“為什么？”相當于 why?well hold a party this weekend.我們要在這個周末開一個聚會。what for?為什么呢？(2)so what?那有什么了不起/有什么關系？he says he doesnt like他y說ou他. 不喜歡你。so what? 那有什么關系呢？即境活用 2 _we moved t

44、he sofa over there? would that look better?a what aboutc what forb what ifd how come6“介詞關系代詞”引導的非限制性定語從句sometimes i wonder how relevant chemistry is to thes，e_s_t_u_d_e_n_t_s_(他們中大多數(shù))will be going back to their villages after year 8 anyway.7doubt后接由 whether引導的賓語從句to be hones，t _(我真有點懷疑，是否)im making any difference tothese boys lives at all.自我診斷：most of whom i doubt whether8did動詞原形的強調句but last weekend another te，acjheenrny，and i_確( 實拜訪了一個村第 10 頁 共 12 頁 莊)which is the home of one of the boys，tombe.9wit