大學(xué)四級(jí)-1198

1、大學(xué)四級(jí) -1198（總分： 711.01 ，做題時(shí)間： 90 分鐘）一、Part Writing （總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 106.00）1.1 有的大學(xué)生有很強(qiáng)的責(zé)任意識(shí)，有的卻連最基本的責(zé)任感都沒有； 2大學(xué)生肩負(fù)些哪責(zé)任； 3大學(xué)階段是大學(xué)生成長(zhǎng)的重要階段，呼吁大學(xué)生加強(qiáng)責(zé)任感。（分?jǐn)?shù)： 106.00 ） 正確答案： （高分作文 Our times witness a striking differencebetween two groups of college students: those who beara strong sense of responsibility and t

2、hose without even a slightest one.Perhaps some are still wondering-what obligations are undergraduates supposed to take? Obviously, all adult citizens should be responsible for themselves, their families, their societies and their nations. Weu niversity students are no exception. Besides, we are exp

3、ected to be responsible for the institution where we are being educated.Years at college are the most important period in a persons growth, when we acquire knowledge and find our roles in life, so we must enhance our obligation sense at this crucial moment in order to fulfill our duties well as indi

4、viduals and members of our families, our schools, our society and our country.） 解析： 評(píng)析 本文開頭段只用了一句話就說明了提綱中的差距：有的大學(xué)生有很強(qiáng)的責(zé)任意識(shí)，有的卻連最基本的責(zé)任 感都沒有。其中動(dòng)詞 witness 的擬人法使用、短語 a striking difference（ 顯著的不同 ） 、strong 與 slightest 形成的強(qiáng)烈對(duì)比以及 responsibility 和 one實(shí)虛詞結(jié)合，都是亮點(diǎn)表達(dá)。而兩類人的定語分別使用了定語 從句 who bear a strong sense of

5、 responsibility和介詞短語 without even a slightest one，體現(xiàn)了句型的變化多樣。第二段雖然不長(zhǎng)，但是段首過渡句 Perhaps some are still wondering-what obligations are undergraduates supposed to take? 的使用，承上啟下，十分自然地引出段落主題：大學(xué)生肩負(fù)哪些責(zé)任。 隨后給出四個(gè)答案：成年公民都應(yīng)該承擔(dān)自我責(zé)任、家庭責(zé)任、社會(huì)責(zé)任、國家責(zé)任。大學(xué)生也不例外。 而為了突出大學(xué)生和一般成年公民的區(qū)別，還用 Besides 補(bǔ)充了“學(xué)校責(zé)任”。 尾段強(qiáng)調(diào)了大學(xué)時(shí)期在人生中的重要

6、性，并呼吁為了很好地履行我們作為個(gè)人以及家庭、學(xué)校、社會(huì)、國 家的成員的職責(zé)，我們要加強(qiáng)責(zé)任感的培養(yǎng)，呼應(yīng)第二段。全文以主人公的形象論述，有說服力。二、Part Reading Comprehension （Skimming and Scanning） （總題數(shù)： 1，分?jǐn)?shù)： 70.00）Communication Skills-Start Here !Why you need to get your message acrossEffective communication is all about conveying your messages to other people clearl

7、y and unambiguously. Its also about receiving information that others are sending to you, with as little distortion as possible.Doing this involves effort from both the sender of the message and the receiver. And its a process that can be fraught （充滿） with error, with messages muddled by the sender,

8、 or misinterpretedby the recipient. When this isnt detected, it can cause tremendous confusion, wasted effort and missed opportunity. In fact, communication is only successful when both the sender and the receiver understand the same information as a result of the communication. By successfully gett

9、ing your message across, you convey your thoughts and ideas effectively.Whenn ot successful, the thoughts and ideas that you actually send do not necessarily reflect what you think, causing a communications breakdown and creating roadblocks that stand in the way of your goals-both personally and pro

10、fessionally.In a recent survey of recruiters from companies with more than 50000 employees, communication skills were cited as the single more important decisive factor in choosing managers. The survey, conducted by the University of Pittsburghs Katz Business School, points out that communication sk

11、ills, including written and oral presentations, as well as an ability to work with others, are the main factor contributing to job success.In spite of the increasing importance placed on communication skills, many individuals continueto struggle, unable to communicate their thoughts and ideas effect

12、ively-whether in verbal or written format. This inability makes it nearly impossible for them to compete effectively in the workplace, and stands in the way of career progression.Being able to communicate effectively is therefore essential if you want to build a successful career. To do this, you mu

13、st understand what your message is, what audience you are sending it to, and how it will be perceived. You must also weigh-in the circumstances surrounding your communications, such as situational and cultural context.Communication Skills-The Importance of Removing BarriersProblems with communicatio

14、n can pop-up at every stage of the communication process (which consists of the sender, encoding, the channel, decoding, the receiver, feedback and the context-see the diagram below). At each stage, there is the potential for misunderstanding and confusion.To be an effective communicator and to get

15、your point across without misunderstanding and confusion, your goal should be to lessen the frequency of problems at each stage of this process, with clear, concise, accurate, well-planned communications. We follow the process through below:Source.As the source of the message, you need to be clear a

16、bout why youre communicating, and what you want to communicate. You also need to be confident that the information youre communicating is useful and accurate.Message.The message is the information that you want to communicate.Encoding.This is the process of transferring the information you want to c

17、ommunicate into a form that can be sent and correctly decoded at the other end. Your success in encoding depends partly on your ability to convey information clearly and simply, but also on your ability to anticipate and eliminate sources of confusion (for example, cultural issues, mistaken assumpti

18、ons, and missing information. )A key part of this is knowing your audience: Failure to understand who you are communicating with will result in delivering messages that are misunderstood.Channel.Messages are conveyed through channels, with verbal channels including face-to-face meetings, telephone a

19、nd videoconferencing; and written channels including letters, emails, memos and reports.Different channels have different strengths and weaknesses. For example, its not particularly effective to give a long list of directions verbally, while youll quickly cause problems if you give someone negative

20、feedback using email.Decoding.Just as successful encoding is a skill, so is successful decoding (involving, for example, taking the time to read a message carefully, or listen actively to it. ) Just as confusion can arise from errors in encoding, it can also arise from decoding errors. This is parti

21、cularly the caseif the decoder doesnt have enough knowledge to understand the message.Receiver.Your message is delivered to individualmembers of your audience. No doubt, you have in mind theactions or reactions you hope your message will get from this audience. Keep in mind, though, that each of the

22、se individuals enters into the communication process with ideas and feelings that will undoubtedly influence their understanding of your message, and their response. To be a successful communicator, you should consider these before delivering your message, and act appropriately.Feedback.Your audienc

23、e will provide you with feedback, as verbal and nonverbal reactions to your communicated message. Pay close attention to this feedback, as it is the only thing that can give you confidence that your audience has understood your message. If you find that there has been a misunderstanding, at least yo

24、u have the opportunity to send the message a second time.Context.The situation in which your message is delivered is the context. This may include the surrounding environment or broader culture (corporate culture, international cultures, and so on ).Removing Barriers at All These StagesTo deliver yo

25、ur messages effectively, you must commit to breaking down the barriers that exist within each of these stages of the communication process. Lets begin with the message itself. If your message is too lengthy, disorganized, or contains errors, you can expect the message to be misunderstood and misinte

26、rpreted. Use of poor verbal and body language can also confuse the message.Barriers in context tend to stem from senders offering too much information too fast. When in doubt here, less is oftentimes more. It is best to be mindful of the demands on other peoples time, especially in todays ultra-busy

27、 society.Once you understand this, you need to work to understand your audiences culture, malting sure you can converse and deliver your message to people of different backgrounds and cultures within your own organization, in your country and even abroad.(分?jǐn)?shù)： 70.00 )(1) .What is one of the findings

28、of the survey conducted by Katz Business School?(分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )A. Superiors tend to be better communicators than their inferiors.B. Poor communication skills can cause a loss of confidence.C. Communication skills are crucial to ones professional success.D. Modern businesses are in great need of efficien

29、t managers.解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 Katz Business School 查找到第一個(gè)次標(biāo)題下第三段尾句。 解析 原文的 main factor contributing to job success 對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng) C 中的 crucial to ones professional success.(2) .The author tells us that to communicate effectively,we must understand . (分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )A. our audience and the situation we are inB. the targ

30、et language and facial expressionsC. both sign languages and verbal languagesD. the most direct way to deliver a message 解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 communicate effectively, must understand查找到第一個(gè)次標(biāo)題下尾段。 解析 尾句中提到了 3 個(gè)因素： message, audience 和 circumstances ， A 中涉及這些因素。(3) .How can people get across their points with

31、out misunderstanding and confusion? (分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )A. By using the simplest words and sentence structures in communication.B. By reducing the frequency of problems in the communicating process.C. By making vivid comparisons and giving as many examples as possible.D. By providing the listeners as much ba

32、ckground information as possible.解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 get across their points without misunderstanding and confusion 查找 到第二個(gè)次標(biāo)題下第二段。對(duì)應(yīng) at each stage of 解析 選項(xiàng) B 中的 reducing 對(duì)應(yīng)原文的 lessen, in the communicating process this process 。(4) .The source of a message should make sure that the provided information is

33、 . (分?jǐn)?shù)：7.00 )A. abundantB. timelyC. first-handD. errorless 解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 source, information查找到第一個(gè)三級(jí)標(biāo)題 Source 下第二句。 解析 D 中的 errorless 是原文 accurate 的同義詞。(5) .Encoding is the process of a form that can be correctly decoded by the receiver.(分?jǐn)?shù)：7.00 )A. converting information into B. transmitting signal

34、s inC. classifying messages intoD. digitalizing information in查找到第三個(gè)三級(jí)標(biāo)題分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 Encoding, a form that can be correctly decoded Encoding 下首句。 解析 選項(xiàng) A 中的 convening 是原文中 transferring 的同義詞。(6) .In which of the following ways will one most probably cause trouble?A. Making faces in telepho

35、ne conferences.B. Giving negative replies in email.C. Talking for a long time face to face.D. Writing a memo in a formal way.解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 ways, cause trouble 查找到第四個(gè)三級(jí)標(biāo)題 Channel 下第二段尾句 解析 B 基本上是原詞的再現(xiàn)。 replies 為原文 feedback 的近義詞。分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )(7) .The reactions of receivers to a message may vary owing to

36、A. their different abilities to encodeB. their different communication skillsC. their different ideas and feelingsD. their different relationships解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 reactions of receivers, vary查找到第六個(gè)三級(jí)標(biāo)題 Receiver 下第二句和第三句。 解析 C 中的名詞 ideas and feelings為原文原詞。(8) .Effective communication means not only othe

37、r people clearly but also receivinginformation as accurately as possible.(分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1: (正確答案： conveying your messages to )解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 Effective communication, receiving information確定此題信息源為文章首句。 解析 題干中的 means 對(duì)應(yīng)原文的 is ，可以將后面的原文原詞作為答案。(9) .Pay close attention to your audiences feedback so as to

38、when necessary. (分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 )填空項(xiàng) 1: (正確答案： send the message a second time )解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 Pay close attention to your audiences feedback，查找到第七個(gè)三級(jí)標(biāo)題 Feedback 下第二句。 解析 第二句是祈使句，這樣建議的原因在第三句進(jìn)行了解釋，答案為原文最后的不定式短語。（10）.The author suggests that in todays society to remove communicative barriers.（分?jǐn)?shù)： 7.00 ）填空項(xiàng) 1:

39、 （正確答案： less information be offered）解析： 定位 根據(jù)題干中的 in todays society to remove communicative barriers ，查找到最后一個(gè) 二級(jí)標(biāo)題 Removing Barriers at All These Stages下第二段。 解析 題目要求用 should 型的虛擬語氣作答，總結(jié)該段前兩句，應(yīng)為less information be offered。三、Part Listening Comprehension （ 總題數(shù)： 0，分?jǐn)?shù)： 0.00）四、Section A （ 總題數(shù)： 4，分?jǐn)?shù)： 105.0

40、0）（分?jǐn)?shù)： 35.00 ）A. A railway porter.B. A bus conductor.C. A taxi driver.D. A postal clerk. 解析： 聽力原文 W: Excuse me, sir. Im going to send this parcel to London. Whats the postage for it?M: Let me see. Its one pound and fifty.Q: Who is the woman most probably speaking to? 解析 本題出現(xiàn)了幾個(gè)明顯有職業(yè)場(chǎng)所特征的詞parcel 和 po

41、stage ，由此可以判斷對(duì)話場(chǎng)所是在郵局，女士在咨詢往倫敦郵寄包裹需要多少錢，她詢問的人一定是郵局的工作人員 （postal clerk） 。A. Her hairstyle is very beautiful.B. Her hairstyle is not nice.C. The hairstyle really changes her appearance. D. The woman has a sense of style. 解析： 聽力原文 M: I didnt notice youd changed your hairstyle.W: Not very observant, are

42、 you? Some people told me they couldnt even recognize me.Q: What does the woman imply? 解析 此對(duì)話的主題是女士的發(fā)型。重點(diǎn)在女士的話，她說她換了發(fā)型之后有些人說都認(rèn)不出她來了，言 外之意就是她的發(fā)型使她外貌變化很大。從對(duì)話的內(nèi)容不能判斷A、B 是否正確， D是無關(guān)選項(xiàng)。A. Jane is looking for a summer job.B. Jane is packing for the summer vacation.C. Jane is on her way home.D. Jane is eage

43、r to go home for the vacation.解析： 聽力原文 M: Is Jane looking forward to going home for this summer?W: She is counting the days.Q: What does the woman imply? 解析 counting the days 通俗地講就是“掰著指頭數(shù)日子”， 意即“盼望、 渴望”。 對(duì)話沒有提到 summer job ，A 不對(duì)；也沒有提到收拾行李或 Jane 已經(jīng)上路，所以 B、C也不對(duì)。A. The chocolate cookie tastes terrible.B

44、. The chocolate cookie is very delicious.C. Jack will never make such cookies.D. He got the only one in this world.解析： 聽力原文 W: Have you tried Jacks chocolate chip cookies?M: I managed to get the last one. It was out of this world.Q: What does the man mean? 解析 out of this world是個(gè)習(xí)語，表示“非常好”， cookies 很

45、好吃，即 delicious 。A. He has never felt good in his life.B. The Yoga has improved his health.C. He is unhappy about his life.D. He is thinking of taking a Yoga exercise.解析： 聽力原文 W：You look great since youve been taking the Yoga exercise.M: Thanks! Ive never felt better in my life.Q: What does the man i

46、mply? 解析 Ive never felt better in my life和寒暄常用語 couldnt be better 意思差不多，即表明現(xiàn)在的健康狀況非常好。男士這樣回答是對(duì)女士觀點(diǎn)you look great since youve been taking the Yogaexercise 的贊同，由此引申出瑜伽改善了男士的健康。A、C對(duì)男士的話理解有誤。(分?jǐn)?shù)： 21.00 )A. The train is delayed.B. The train has left.C. The train leaves three times a day.D. Someone gave t

47、he woman wrong information. 解析： 聽力原文 W: I thought there was still time for me to catch the train to New York. But someone told me it left an hour ago.M: Are you sure? I thought it leaves at three. Wait, Ive got a schedule here. Gosh, you still may be able to catch it.Q: What does the man imply? 解析 本

48、題對(duì)話信息較多，需要進(jìn)行一定的推理，難度稍大。女士說她本以為自己能趕上去紐約的火車， 但有人告訴她火車一小時(shí)之前就開走了。男士對(duì)女士的話表示懷疑(are you sure?) ，男士說他認(rèn)為火車 3點(diǎn)才開，接著拿出列車時(shí)刻表查看，最后告訴女士她還能趕上這趟車。且不管火車是否是 3 點(diǎn)離開，根據(jù) 男士的話，我們可以確定的是女士仍然能趕上火車，這就說明某人告訴女士火車一小時(shí)之前已經(jīng)開走的信 息是錯(cuò)誤的。A. Go to watch the baseball match.B. Drive to work.C. Try to fix the car.D. Stop working and have s

49、ome rest.解析： 聽力原文 M: I think Ill go and watch the baseball game today.W: But I thought you were going to work on the car.Q: What does the woman imply the man should do? 解析 女士的建議提得很含蓄，她用“我還以為你要修車呢(but I thought you were going to work onthe car) ”來提醒男士他應(yīng)該修車，而不是去看比賽。work on the car 是 fix the car 的口語化表達(dá)

50、。A. She can only make it on Sunday.B. She doesnt like volleyball.C. She doesnt want to play volleyball on Sunday. D. She will try to make it on Sunday.解析： 聽力原文 M: Hello, I wonder if we could change the time for volleyball to Sunday.W: Is that the only time you can make it?Q: What call be inferred ab

51、out the woman? 解析 男士提出想將打排球的時(shí)間調(diào)換到星期天，女士問“你就只有這一天能打排球嗎?”其實(shí)是間接告訴男士星期天這個(gè)時(shí)間對(duì)她不合適，希望男士改其他時(shí)候。A 正好與原意相反； B 屬無關(guān)， D錯(cuò)在 try 。Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.(分?jǐn)?shù)： 28.00 )A. The guided tours.B. University Bo

52、oks. C. The Student Federation.D. A volunteer group.解析： 聽力原文 19-22M: Hello, University Books. Tim Weber speaking.W: Hi, Tim, this is Ruth.M: Oh, hi, Ruth, Whats up?W: Well, the Student Federation needs a couple of volunteers to give guided tours to the new students next week. Would you be able to he

53、lp out?M: That depends on the days you have in mind. Im working here full-time before classes begin.Its really busy now, with all the textbook orders coming in, but I do have some time off.W: What about Saturday-? Most new students arrive on the weekend.M: Sorry, I have to work all day Saturday. How

54、 about Thursday and Friday? Ive got both mornings free.W: I dont have the schedule on me. Kens got it. Maybe you ean set something up with him.M: Ill only be able to spare a couple of hours, though.W: No problem. Ill ask Ken to get in touch with you later today. Will you be at this number?M: Yeah, t

55、ill four. Look, Ive got to go. I have to get all the orders out before I leave today. W: OK, thanks, Tim. Bye.19. Where does Tim work? 解析 瀏覽選項(xiàng)時(shí)如果發(fā)現(xiàn)第一題選項(xiàng)為機(jī)構(gòu)組織名稱的短選項(xiàng)，聽音時(shí)要高度注意對(duì)話開頭部分，因?yàn)?接電話的人一般拿起電話就會(huì)自報(bào)姓名，如果是單位電話還會(huì)向?qū)Ψ酵▓?bào)公司名稱，這種題目非常容易漏 聽答案。 C項(xiàng)和 D項(xiàng)都是 Ruth 服務(wù)的地方， guided tours 是他們組織的一次活動(dòng)，只有 B 項(xiàng)正確。A. To find o

56、ut if the books she ordered are in.B. To ask him to attend a Student Federation meeting.C. To get his schedule of classes for next term.D. To see if he has time to welcome the new students.解析： 聽力原文 Why does Ruth call Tim? 解析 本題為細(xì)節(jié)題， 從 to do 結(jié)構(gòu)可判斷問題和說話人的目的有關(guān)。 Ruth 在 Student Federation 服務(wù)， 她們將舉行歡迎新生的活

57、動(dòng)，想邀請(qǐng) Tim 當(dāng)志愿者， D項(xiàng)中的 welcome the new students 其實(shí)就是 to give guided tours to the new students比較慨括的表達(dá)法。A. Take the place of Ruth as a tour guide.B. Ask Ken if he will be at the activity.C. Help out when he is free.D. Leave work early if he can.解析： 聽力原文 What does Tim offer to do? 解析 對(duì)話的主題是當(dāng)志愿者， Tim 非常樂意參與這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)，但在具體時(shí)間方面還要商榷。他提出“ How about Thursda y and Friday? Ive got both mornings free.”A. Tomorrow evening.B. 5