現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語,過去分詞作狀語,表語,賓補,定語

1、V-ing (現(xiàn)在分詞)作狀語 v-ed/done(過去分詞)作狀語，表語，定語, 賓補 .現(xiàn)在分詞的形式 形式 主動形 式 被動形式 否定形 式 一般式 doi ng be ing done not doing/ be ing done 完成式 havi ng done having been done not havi ng (bee n) done 二.現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 辨析： 動詞的-ing 形式和動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別。 句子功能 例句 1作時間狀語，相當于 whe n, while,as,after 等弓丨導 的時間狀語從句 Crossing the road, the old

2、man was knocked over by a car.=When he was crossing the road, the old man was knocked over by a car. 2作原因狀語，相當于 as,because,s ince等弓丨導的原 因狀語從句 Having eaten too much he couldnt go to sleep.=Because he had eate n too much, he could nt go to sleep. 3作條件狀語，相當于 if,o nce,u nless等引導的條件 狀語從句 Using your head,

3、 youll find a good way. =If you use your head, youll find a good way. 4作方式或伴隨狀語，相當于 and連接的并列謂語動詞。 Four people entered the room looking around in a curious way. =Four people entered the room and looked around in a curious way. 5作結(jié)果狀語，可擴展為有并 列謂語的句子。 It rained heavily, causing flooding in that city. =I

4、t rained heavily so it caused flooding in that city. 6作讓步狀語，相當于 although,though,eve n if,even though引導的讓步狀 語從句 Living miles away, he attended the course.=Although he lived miles away, he attended the course. 辨析：(1)動詞的-ing形式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示自然而然的結(jié)果。 (2)動詞不定式作結(jié)果狀語通常表示意想不到的結(jié)果，常與only連用，構(gòu)成only to do 三連詞+動詞的-ing形

5、式作狀語，省略狀語從句的主語和系動詞be,表示主動或者正在 進行。 省略條件1:狀語從句的主語必須和主句的主語一致 省略條件2 :狀語從句有be動詞 Eg. While （I Was） wait in g, I was readi ng magaz in es. 溫馨提示 現(xiàn)在分詞表示主動或正在進行；過去分詞表示被動或已經(jīng)完成。 注意非謂語動詞的邏輯主語是否與主句的主語一致。 注意確定是否該用非謂語動詞；注意標點符號，如果句中有連詞（and,/but/or-）,要 用謂語動詞。 注意非謂語動詞與主句謂語動詞的時間順序。 注意與句式祈使句 +an d/or+陳述句”的區(qū)別。 V-ed過去分詞）作

6、狀語 一. 過去分詞（短語）作狀語時，表示被動和完成，在句中一般可 以做時間，條件，原因，伴隨或方式，讓步狀語等。 Eg. Asked about his family, he made no answer. Given more time, we will do it well. 注意：（1）分詞狀語，其邏輯主語必須與句子主語一致。否則，需加上 自己的邏輯主語，構(gòu)成獨立主格。 Eg. Weather/Time permitting, we will go shopping together tomorrow. 二. 過去分詞（短語）與現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）作狀語的區(qū)別 過去分詞（短語）與句子的主語

7、之間存在邏輯上的動賓關系，即表被 動；現(xiàn)在分詞（短語）與句子主語 之間存在邏輯上的主謂關系，即 表主動。 三. 過去分詞作定語 單個過去分詞作定語一般放在被修飾詞之前，分詞短語作定語一般放 在被修飾詞之后，往往可被定語從句代替。 四. 過去分詞作賓補 規(guī)律說明 例句 過去分詞（短語）用在感官類動 詞 see,watch, notice, hear,fee等后 面 I was glad to see the child well take n care of . 過去分詞（短語）用在表示心理 狀態(tài)的動詞find,think等后面 Whe n 1 came in, 1 found the glas

8、s broke n. 過去分詞（短語）用在使役動詞 keep,get,make,leave,let, have 等 后面 They leave the water running. I raised my voice to make myself heard 過去分詞（短語）用在“ with+賓 語+賓補”的復合結(jié)構(gòu)中，表示時 間，方式，條件，原因等。 The murderer was brought in, with his hands tied beh ind his back. 典例 1. （2014.四川高考）The manager was satisfied to see many

9、new products after great effort. A. having developed B. to develop C. developed D.develop Practice: 五. 過去分詞（v-ed/done）作表語 .過去分詞（短語）放在系動詞 be, get, become,feel,remain, seem 等后 面作表語，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語所處的狀態(tài)。 Please rema in seated whe n the professor comes in . He seemed quite delighted at the news. 1. Practice

10、: 1. nearly all our money, we couldnt afford to stay at a hotel. A. Having spent B. To spent C. Spent D. To have spent 2. which university to attend, the girl asked her teacher for advice. A. Not knowing B. Knowing not C. Not known D. Known not 3. e course very difficult , she decided to move to a l

11、ower level. A. Find B. Finding C. To find D. Found 4. When I was little, my mother used to sit by my bed, me stories till I fell asleep. A. having told B. telling C. told D. to tell 5. The pretty girl was dressed in bright red,_ Her more beautiful. A.mak in g;lookB. to make;lookedC.mak in g;lookedD.

12、and making ;looked 6. The stranger said something in a voice and the little girl was very much A. frighte ning, frighte nedB. frighte ned, frighte ning C. frighte ning, frighte ningD. frighte ned, frighte ned 7. the pia no, some one sudde nly kno cked at the door. A. Play ingB. When I was play ingC.

13、 Repairi ngD. Exam ining 8. in the seat for half an hour, Tom suddenly realized that he had left his wallet(錢包)at home. A. To wait B. Have waited C. Havi ng waited D. To have waited 9. the work , they have to stay there for another two weeks. A.Not completi ng B. Not completed C. Not hav ing complet

14、ed D. Have not completed 用所給詞語的適當形式填空 1. All night long he lay awake, (think) of the problem. 2. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, thus (cause)the delay. 3. (live)with the girl for 5 years, we all know her very well. 4. Though (work) so hard, he failed again. 5. eive) his reply, she wrote anoth

15、er letter. 6. )by so manypeople, she felt nervous , (not know ) what to say. After (tell) many times , he un derstood what was happe ning. 1. into English, the sentence was found to have an entirely differe nt word order. A. Tran slati ngB. Tran slated C. To tran slate D. Havi ng tran slated 2. an i

16、mportant role in a new movie, Andy has a chanee to become famous. A. OfferB. Offering C. Offered D. To offer 3. his scientific work, he has no time to care for his family affairs , which his wife always complains about. A. Devoting into B. Devoted to C. Being devoted with D. Devoted with 4. Di na, f

17、or mon ths to find a job as a waitress, fin ally took a positi on at a local advertis ing age ncy. A. struggling B. struggled C. having struggled D. to struggle 5. the right kind of training, these teenager soccer players may one day grow into intern ati onal stars. A. Givi ng B. Havi ng give nC.To

18、give D. Give n 6. In order not to be found , I spent the whole nig in my room. A. lockingB. locked C. to lock D. Lock 7. twice, the postma n refused to deliver our letters uni ess we cha ined our dog. A. Being bitten B. BittenC. Having bittenD. To be bitten 8. Michaels new house is like a huge palac

19、e, with his old one. A. comparing B. compares C. to compareD. compared 9. but excited , the runner raced to the finishing line. A.Exhausting B. Exhausted C. Being exhausted D. To be exhausted 二.用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當形式填空。 1. The news reporter hurried to the airport, only (tell) the film star had left. 2. After

20、her journey from abroad , Mary returned home,( ) (exhaust ). 3. (see) from the top of the building, our school looks beautiful. 4. False friends are just like leaves, (find) everywhere, but true friends are like diam onds , precious and rare. 1.She felt rather that she should nt have drive n the car

21、 at such a speed. A. frightening;frightening B.frighte ned;frighte nedC. Frightening;frightenedD. frightened ;frightening 2. There is a big dog to a fence outside the house. A. tying B. tied C. to tie D. ties 3. In April, thousands of holidaymakers remained abroad due to the volca nic ash cloud. A.

22、sticking B. stuck C.to be stuck D.to have stuck 4. As soon as she entered the room, the girl caught sight of the flowers by her mother. A. buying B. being bought C. were bought D.bought 5. The stude nt, at the way the questi on was put, did nt know how to an swer it. A. Being surprised B. Surprising

23、 C. Surprised D. Having surprised 6. Look at the note to the door; you will see that some one paid a visit whe n we were away. A. pinning B. pinned C. being pinned D. is pinned 7. It is one of the funniest things on the Internet so far this year. A finding B. being found C. to find D. found 8. We fi

24、nished the run in less than half the time . A. allowingB. to allow C. allowed D. allows 9. When I came in, they were in a heated discussion. A. absorb B. absorbed C. absorbing D. being absorbed 10. The woman sitting there under the tree, in a blue skirt, is our head master. A. wearingB.dressed C. wo

25、rn D. dressing n.用所給動詞的適當形式填空 1. In our daily life, there are a lot of health problems that, when not (treat) in time, can become bigger ones later on . 2. The thief (question) by the police a moment ago still could nt tell the truth. 3.1 could nt accept the view (offer) to me uni ess it is based on

26、 facts. 4. Cleaning workers in big cities usually get (pay) by the mon th. 5. The (surprise) look on his face suggested that he must have heard some surpris ing n ews. (2014.臨沂高二檢測)While you were out, you should keep your doors and win dows A. close B. clos ing C. closed D.be closed 2. I ll have all

27、 of the reading by the end of this term if my plan goes well. A.completi ngB.to complete C. completed D. being completed 3. To learn English well , we should find opportunities to hear English as much as we can . A.speak B. speaki ng C.spoke n D. to speak 4. John received an invitation to dinner, and with his work , he gladly acce