現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語

1、Grammar 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語 Revision: _ is believing. 眼見為實。眼見為實。 In the summer we enjoy _(坐坐) under the big tree. Her job is _(照顧照顧 嬰兒）。嬰兒）。 The story is _(有趣的有趣的)。 How can you keep her _(等待等待) in the rain. The man _ (站在那里）站在那里） is my father. Finish the sentences. Seeing sitting taking care of the babies

2、 interesting waiting standing over there 主語主語 動名動名 賓語動名賓語動名 表語（動名詞）表語（動名詞） 表語表語（現(xiàn)在分詞）（現(xiàn)在分詞） 賓語補足語賓語補足語 定語定語 lWhen meeting guests, he often felt uneasy. lNot knowing her telephone number, I didnt phone her. lTurning to the left, youll see a school. lThe child fell off the tree, hitting his head again

3、st the ground. 表條件表條件 表結(jié)果表結(jié)果 表原因表原因 表時間表時間 句型轉(zhuǎn)換：句型轉(zhuǎn)換： When he heard the news, he jumped with joy. _ the news, he jumped with joy. 2. As she was ill, she went home. _ ill, she went home. 3. The girl came in and she smiled. The girl came in _. She sat at the desk and read a newspaper. 1. She sat at th

4、e desk _ a newspaper. Hearing Being smiling reading 表伴隨狀況表伴隨狀況 時間狀語時間狀語 原因狀語原因狀語 方式狀語方式狀語 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語（現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語（adverbial) 現(xiàn)在分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以在句子中現(xiàn)在分詞和現(xiàn)在分詞短語可以在句子中 作狀語來修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，表作狀語來修飾謂語動詞或整個句子，表 示動作發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、示動作發(fā)生的時間、原因、條件、結(jié)果、 讓步或伴隨狀況。讓步或伴隨狀況。 V-ing 形式由形式由 “doing” 構(gòu)成構(gòu)成, V-ing 可以帶賓可以帶賓 語或狀語構(gòu)成語或狀語構(gòu)成 V-in

5、g 短語短語, 沒有人稱和數(shù)的變沒有人稱和數(shù)的變 化化, 但有但有時態(tài)和語態(tài)時態(tài)和語態(tài)的變化。的變化。 需要注意的事項需要注意的事項 1. V-ing 形式形式 語態(tài)語態(tài) 時態(tài)時態(tài) 主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài) 一般式一般式 完成式完成式 (not) doing (not) being done (not) having done (not) having been done V-ing：表主動或進(jìn)行：表主動或進(jìn)行 Not v-ing：否定式：否定式 Being dong：v-ing的被動式表被動的被動式表被動 Having done：v-ing的完成式表主動的完成式表主動 和完成和完成

6、Having been done：v-ing的被動完成的被動完成 式表被動和完成式表被動和完成 Having done：v-ing的完成式表主動的完成式表主動 和完成和完成 Having been done：v-ing的被動完成的被動完成 式式 表被動和完成表被動和完成 此兩形式均表示發(fā)生的動作比謂此兩形式均表示發(fā)生的動作比謂 語動詞表示的動作先發(fā)生語動詞表示的動作先發(fā)生 Find examples of these4 After hitting the rock， the ship sank. the ship sank. Having hit the rock， 1 2 Practice

7、4 1. finish my English homework walk to the post office to post a letter. After finishing my English homework, Having finished my English homework, I walked to the post office Practice 4 2. post the letter meet a friend and go for a coffee After posting the letter, Having posted the letter, I met a

8、friend and went for Practice 4 we went to the cinema together. 3. have coffee go to the cinema together After having coffee, Having had coffee, Practice 4 we went to play table tennis 4. watch a really bad film go to play table tennis at the local club After watching a really bad film, Having watche

9、d a really bad film, l _ _ _ _, he missed the first bus. l _ _ _ _ _ _, he stood up. l _ _ _ _, he stopped to have a rest. l _ _ _ _ _, she didnt know what he wanted. 沒有早起，他錯過了第一趟公共汽車。）沒有早起，他錯過了第一趟公共汽車。） 由于被要求回答這個問題，他站了起來。由于被要求回答這個問題，他站了起來。 已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)，他停下來休息。已經(jīng)完成了作業(yè)，他停下來休息。 沒有與約翰談過，她不知道他想要什么。沒有與約翰談過，她不

10、知道他想要什么。 Not getting up early Being asked to answer the question Having finished his homework Not having talked with John 2. 當(dāng)分詞的動作正在進(jìn)行時，主句的動當(dāng)分詞的動作正在進(jìn)行時，主句的動 作發(fā)生了，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，譯作作發(fā)生了，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，譯作 “當(dāng)當(dāng)時候時候”，前面可以加，前面可以加when或或 while. When leaving the station, he waved again and again to me. 3. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，有時可以在

11、分詞前加現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，有時可以在分詞前加 once, although, though, until, if 等連詞。等連詞。 l _(一旦一旦) remembering the word, you will never forget it. l _ （雖然）（雖然）being tired, he went on doing the work. l She didnt recognize Tony, _（直到）（直到） being greeted by him. l _（如果）（如果） turning left, you will find a supermarket. Once Alth

12、ough until If 4. 現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，根據(jù)需要可以在分詞現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語時，根據(jù)需要可以在分詞 前加前加after, before等介詞。等介詞。 After taking a bath, he went to bed. Having taken a bath, he went to bed. Before having supper, he did his homework. 5. 當(dāng)表示分詞的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作隨之也當(dāng)表示分詞的動作一發(fā)生，主句的動作隨之也 發(fā)生時，可以使用發(fā)生時，可以使用“on動名詞動名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)，翻譯的結(jié)構(gòu)，翻譯 成成“一一就就”, 能夠用于這種用法的動

13、詞都能夠用于這種用法的動詞都 是瞬間動詞；如是瞬間動詞；如look, hear, see, open, close等。等。 Hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. = On hearing the news, they couldnt help jumping. _ _ the case, I saw the bird fly out of it. 一打開這個盒子，我看到有只鳥飛出來。一打開這個盒子，我看到有只鳥飛出來。 On opening Tell the differences: 1.She keep the man waiting in

14、 the rain. 2. I will give the present to the student getting the first place. 3. Being ill, she went home. Questions: 1. 現(xiàn)在分詞分別作什么成分？現(xiàn)在分詞分別作什么成分？ 2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語分別是什么？現(xiàn)在分詞的邏輯主語分別是什么？ 賓補賓補 定語定語 狀語狀語 V -ing形式作狀語時形式作狀語時, 它的邏輯主語必須與它的邏輯主語必須與 主句的主語主句的主語一致。一致。 6) (When) Hearing the news, he got frightened. =

15、When he heard the news, he got frightened. (時間時間, 可以在分詞前保留可以在分詞前保留when ) 7) The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 結(jié)果結(jié)果 1. When he approached Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. _ _ Ms Smith, he touched her shoulder and kissed her. Rewrite the following sentence

16、s. When approaching 2. The person who is translating the songs can speak seven languages. The person _ _ _can speak seven languages. translating the songs 3. The boy standing there is reading a book about body language. The boy _ _ _ there is reading a book about body language. who is standing 5. Sh

17、e sat at the desk and did her homework. She sat at the desk- doing her homework Grammar work 語法專練語法專練 用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。用所給動詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Not _(know) his address, I couldnt go to see him yesterday. 2. Look out(小心）小心） for cars when _(cross) the street. 3. Not _ (invite) to the party, Mary was greatly hurt.

18、 knowing crossing having been invited 4. He dived into the water, _ (leave) only his face exposed(暴露）暴露）. 5. When I got back home I saw a message pinned(別在）別在） to the door, _ (read 寫著寫著) “Sorry to miss you; I will call later.” 6. _ (take) a deep breath, they dived into the water. 7. _ (close) the wi

19、ndows and the door, the students left the room. leaving reading Taking Having closed 1. Having not seen the film, I cant tell you what I think of it. 2. The men worked for extra hours got an extra pay. 3. Seen from the top of the hill, we find the city more beautiful. 4. Generally speak, facial expr

20、essions are helpful communications, too. Not having working Seeing speaking 單句改錯單句改錯 5. “ Cant you read?” the man said, angrily pointed to the notice on the wall. 6. Knocking at the door before entering, please. 7. European football is played in 80 countries, made it the most popular sport in the world. pointing Knock making Listen a song and find out the missing words. _ from the rain and snow， _ to forget but I wont let go， _ at a crowded street， _ to my own heart beat， So many people all around the world， Tell me where do I find someone