必修4unit2workingtheland詞匯講解及練習(xí)

1、4 Unit2 Work i ng the I and必修奮斗n.打斗：競(jìng)爭(zhēng)：?str?glvi.搏斗：奮斗：努力：爭(zhēng)取1 struggleThey had to struggle againstxith all kinds of difficulties.【例句 他們必須和各種各樣的困難作斗 爭(zhēng)。經(jīng)過五年的努力，After 5 years1 of stniggle,people in Wenchuan are living a normal life now.現(xiàn) 在汶川人民的生活步入了正軌。stniggle to do為爭(zhēng)取 而斗爭(zhēng) 【搭配】struggle againstAvith 與斗爭(zhēng)

2、 struggle for生死搏斗 掙扎著站起來a life-and-death struggle努力去做stniggle to ones feetbattle, war, campaign, struggle, fight辨析】【之意。這些名詞均有“戰(zhàn)斗，戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)也指陸軍或海 軍在某特定地區(qū)側(cè)重指戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中的-次較全面、時(shí)間較長(zhǎng)的戰(zhàn)斗，battle：-進(jìn)行的戰(zhàn)斗，或個(gè)人之間的爭(zhēng)斗。war：是戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的總稱，般指包括多個(gè)戰(zhàn)役的人規(guī)模戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)。？ :通常指在場(chǎng)大的戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)中在某地區(qū)進(jìn)行的連串有既定目的的軍事行動(dòng)。campaign-也可作引申用。struggle：指激烈或時(shí)間持續(xù)長(zhǎng)的戰(zhàn)斗或奮力斗爭(zhēng)fight：最普通用

3、詞，含義廣,指戰(zhàn)斗、斗爭(zhēng)或打斗。?（使）饑餓2 hunger ?h?g?（r） n餓, 饑餓:欲望 vt.& vi.His hiuiger for knowledge drove him to the library.】【例句 他對(duì)知識(shí)的強(qiáng)烈愿 望驅(qū)使他上圖書館。These students hunger for new knowledge and ideas.這些學(xué)生渴望學(xué)到新知識(shí)，獲得新思想?！敬钆洹縣a-e a hunger for渴望hunger for渴望得 到【拓展延伸的多種表達(dá)法歸納如下：/渴望做某事”】“渴望得到某物sth. be eager for hope hunger f

4、or sth. long for sth. for sth. wish for sth.be eager to long to do sth hope to do sth wish to do sth desire sth. hunger to do sth desire to do sth.do sth.展開 3 expand ?k?sp?nd vt.使變?nèi)耍簲U(kuò)張；詳述vi.擴(kuò)展；發(fā)展；張開：In ten years the cipopulation expanded by 12%.【例句 該市人口增加了百分之十二。十年之中，】【搭配 o將擴(kuò)展/發(fā)展成expand on

5、闡述：詳談 expandextend-spread/stretch】【辨析”，不僅指尺寸的增加，還可指范圉和體積的擴(kuò)大。expand意為“展開，擴(kuò)大 ,指空間范圉的擴(kuò)大，以及長(zhǎng)度，寬度的向外延伸，也可指時(shí)”伸出，延伸extend意為“間的 延長(zhǎng)。，如傳播（疾?。?。傳播：spread意為“蔓延：鋪開” 般指向四面八方擴(kuò)大傳播的范圍， 散布（信息）等。，-般指由曲變直，由短變長(zhǎng)的伸展，不是加意為stretch “伸展（”身體等）， 拉長(zhǎng)；連綿長(zhǎng)。adj .expansive廣闊的；易膨脹的展開；膨脹；擴(kuò)展expansion拓展延伸【】 nr4rid ?使擺脫解除，免除d vt.你應(yīng)該】例句【You

6、 are suppo sed to rid yourself of carelessness,fbr it often leads to trouble.7/I克服粗心，因?yàn)樗３Ｒ鹇闊?c It*s easy to get into the habit of smoking but hard to get rid of it. 染上吸煙的惡習(xí)很容易，但要戒掉很困難。擺脫，除去【搭配】nd sb of sth使某人擺脫get nd ofp vt.裝備，配備 5 equip?kv?Most parents want to equip their children with a good edu

7、cation.例 句】【大多數(shù)父母想讓他們的孩了接受良好的教有。裝備配備，使有能力做equip sb 用【搭配】equip . for 給裝備 be ftilly/poorly/well equipped be equipped for 準(zhǔn)備好 be equipped with 裝備，安裝完好齊全/簡(jiǎn)麗/equip, furnish, supply, provide, afford【辨析】之意。這些動(dòng)詞都含有“提供， 供給”：側(cè)重捉供與技術(shù)有關(guān)的裝備或設(shè)備等。equip* :多指添置家具等供給生活的必需品或 為生活舒適提供所需的服務(wù)設(shè)施。fiirmsh-:普通用詞，指提供任何所需求的東西。 s

8、upply/provide :般只用于對(duì)抽象事物捉供，也可指經(jīng)濟(jì)能力上的供給或支付。afforda pieceof equipment -件裝備拓展延伸】equipment nu裝備【。equip的過去式和過去分詞都是 equipped：現(xiàn)在分詞是equipping 溫馨捉示】使困惑?n?fju:z使困窘：使混亂：6confusekltis important to explain this again or we will confuse the students.】【例句 把這個(gè)再解釋遍很重要, 否則我們就會(huì)使學(xué)生感到迷惑。They asked so many questions that

9、 they confused me.他們問了許多問題，都把我弄糊涂了。感到困惑be confused about對(duì)】confuse A with B把 A與B混淆【搭配，農(nóng)示人的內(nèi)心感受：”指“困惑的；迷惑不解的；被弄糊涂的】【溫馨提示 confused ,衣示事物的狀態(tài)。confusing “使人困惑的：令人迷惑的；使人混亂的”后悔n.遺憾， 惋惜： gret vt.后悔，悔恨：遺憾 7 regret r? If you dont study hard now.you will regret it in the future.【例句】 如果你現(xiàn)在不好好學(xué)習(xí)，將來你會(huì)后悔的。Much to o

10、ur regret,we couldn*t attend your wedding.讓我們深感遺憾的是，我們沒能參加你們的婚禮。to ones regret regret to do遺憾 的做regret doing/havmg done sth后悔做了某事 】【搭配、訕regret遺憾地令某人感到遺憾的是 縮小 8 rediicer?dju:s vt.減少；商店已經(jīng)降低 了】They have reduced the prices in the shop,so ifs good time to buy.【例句 價(jià)格，所以現(xiàn)在是買東西的好時(shí)候。It was foggy so the drive

11、r had to reduce speed to fbrty kilometers ail hour.干米。由于人霧，司機(jī)不得不把速度減到每小時(shí)40 reduce to減少到【搭配reduce by減少 T【辨析】decrease, dmiimsh, lessen, reduce, dwindle這些詞的共同含義是“減少，變少”。decrease：指逐漸地、不斷地減少。-lessen：普通用詞，與decrease近義。指數(shù)目.程度、價(jià) 值、實(shí)力等的減少。-reduce：普通用詞，含義廣。指數(shù)量、程度的降低或減少?！?/29 comment ?k?ment n.評(píng)論;注釋 vt.& vi.評(píng)論，

12、談?wù)?Do you have any comment to make about the caxise of the accident?【例句】 你對(duì)這起事故發(fā)生的原因有何評(píng)論？對(duì)評(píng)論make a comment oiVabout.對(duì)【搭配】no comment無可奉conunent on評(píng)論 聚焦n.焦點(diǎn)；聚焦?10 focus ?P?ks vt.集中：It was the main focus of attention at the meeting.【例句】 這是會(huì)議上關(guān)注的主 妥焦點(diǎn)。focus on集中精力于focus ones attention on把注盤力集中到【搭配】集【拓展延

13、伸】 focus ones attention on sth.= center/concentrate/fix ones attention on sth.中注總力于 因?yàn)?1 thanks to由于：參虧（有時(shí)用作反語）；Thanks to the bed weathei; th已match had been cancelled.例句】多虧了這倒霉的天氣，比賽彼取消了。（反語）的短語還有： 因?yàn)?由于”表示【拓展延伸】as a result ofbecause of owing to, on account of due to 以上這些都是介詞短語，因此后面可以跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞而不可以跟從句。

14、【溫馨捉示due to 般 不用于句首12. be satisfied ith對(duì)農(nóng)示滿足或滿總:你在學(xué)校干得不錯(cuò).我對(duì)【例句】You*vedone well at school. Pm very satisfied with you.你很滿總。使某人to sb* s / sth* s satisfaction【拓展延伸】be satisfied to do對(duì)做感到滿意滿總的是 for from satisfactory 遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不能令人滿足 be content xvith be satisfied with 同義 詞be pleased with 溫馨提示【小結(jié)：本單元單詞的構(gòu)詞法1 合成詞su

15、n十burnt1） sunburntout+put 2） outputthere-rfbre 3） thereforeimder+line 4) underline詞綴+2.詞根衣示不，消失掉 I 衣示分開，分離 1) dis-discoveryr disagree dishonest disappear 如:2) -ty 農(nóng)示性質(zhì) responsibility nationality personality 如:3)ry 衣示集合名詞 summary discovery chemistry 化學(xué) 如：laboratoty 實(shí)驗(yàn)室4) -ion由動(dòng)詞變化而來的抽彖名詞常衣示狀態(tài)。occupat

16、ion production nutntion 如： communication 交瀝i，交往4 Unit2 Work i ng the I and/3基礎(chǔ)過關(guān)單詞拼寫I)change takes place in paper whEii it burns. 2. We must rA(彳匕7的 1 ourselves ofthese old ideas. 3. Not having had food for over fbrty hours, ve were all weak6 has risen the 1of the lake Because from h. 4. of the heav

17、y rainaffect it would and nobody knew how a It was new form of(細(xì) 菌)inches. 5.humans. 6. The cookies are made from gand fruit. 7. Fanners consider rabbits tonot is grow. 8. The violent film be p, because they destroy some crops theydog your(營(yíng)養(yǎng))合適的 for children. 9. This food provides the() of the fact

18、ory is20 cars a day.needs. 10. The average（產(chǎn)雖用方框內(nèi)所給短語的適當(dāng)形式填空I I insist thanks to, would rather, be satisfied with.on, care about, refer to, lead a .life,exchange for, rid of1) He got the first prize in the speech contest. His teacher liisperformance.2) It is really a hot day. I stay in the house wit

19、hair-conditioning thango outshopping.3) Pleasethe last page of the book for answers after doing the exercises.4) your help, we could finish the task on time.5) Most of the people in remote mountainous area poor6) Next week I will fly to Britain on business. Now I want tosome RMByuan British pounds.7

20、) When a child knows that he. he feels safe and secure.8) The girl struggled toherselfher fears.9) Some schoolstheir students wearing school uniforms.Ill完成句子1. 畢業(yè)后，他寧愿留在上海而不愿回家鄉(xiāng)。Hestay in Shanghaireturn to liis hometown after his graduation.2. 多虧了他的雜交水稻，農(nóng)民們種出的糧食比之前多一倍。his hybrid rice, farmers are pr

21、oducing harvestsas before.3. 農(nóng)民對(duì)今年的稻谷產(chǎn)量很滿意。Farmersquitethis yearsof rice.4. 在非洲，政府都在努力讓人民擺脫饑餓。In Africa, governments are trying tothe people.5. 他們集中精力想保持土壤肥沃且免受病害Theykeeping their soil rich anddisease.6. 他為了自由而斗爭(zhēng)。Theythe freedom.7. 最終他們到達(dá)了被稱作新美洲的地方。At last, they reachedthe New America.7 8.很抱歉地說我不能幫你

22、的忙。I that I cannot help you.IV.辯一辯1 .The black people have never stopped their struggleunfair treatment(不 公正對(duì) 待).A. against B. for c. on D. to2. He got compl已telywhen he saw both Lucy and Lily, who are twin sisters.D. confiisesD. Thank forA. confiisingB. confiisedC. confiise3. my English teacher, I

23、have become what I am.A. Thanks for B. Thank toC. Thanks to4. Nowadays the whole woildpeace.A. hunger for B. has a hunger for C. hungry for D. have a hunger for5. She wasthe result. We knew it herlook.A. satisfying with: satisfied B. satisfied with: satisfiedC. satisfied with： satisfying D. satisfyi

24、ng with; satisfying V漢譯英j1.這個(gè)戰(zhàn)士受了重傷，但最后還是掙扎巷站了起來。(struggle)2.正如所報(bào)道的那樣，西部地區(qū)的學(xué)生應(yīng)受到更好的教育。(equip with)3. 總有一天我們會(huì)有辦法使這樣可怕的疾病在世界上絕跡。(rid of)4. 因?yàn)閷?duì)我的話感到滿意，我母親同意我和我的同學(xué)去游泳。(satisfy)5. 練習(xí)中國功夫不僅可以強(qiáng)身健體，而且還可以培養(yǎng)人的性格。(build up)VI同義句轉(zhuǎn)換1. A: Compared with maths I like English better.B: IEnglishmatlis.2. A: Even if h

25、e dies he wont give in.B: Hediegive in.3. A: We should save the sick free from pain.B: We shouldthe sickpain.4. A: He doesift like to live a comfortable life.B: He doesntliving a comfortable life.5 . A: Dr Yiian has spent all his time oil liis research.B: Dr Yiian hasall liis timeliis research.VII單句

26、改錯(cuò)1. Looking forward to hear from you soon .2. Some of them even waste tune in class played video games.3. I hardly remember my grandmothe匸 She used to holding me on her knees and sing oldsongs.4. Ha*e tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and diimer, which might7/5not be served

27、until 8 o*clock at night.5. After think for some time, I let her copy my answers.提升練習(xí)VIII單項(xiàng)填空1. - You were brave enough to raise objections at the meeting.-Well, now I regretthat.A. to doB. to be doingC. to have done D. having done2. Vitanun B and C help to your resistance.A. set upB. give upC. buil

28、d upD.stand up3. He got completely when lie saw both Lucy and Lily, who are twin sisters. D. confuses C. confiiseB. confbsedA. confusingWbuld you ratherthere tomorrow? 4.No. Pd rather hethere instead of me.shall go : D goingB go： went C go：will go A to go： will go5. The officers narrowly escapedin t

29、he hot battle.D. being killed C. to be killedB. to killA. have killed6. Though it sounds a bit too dear, it is worth.D. buying it. C. to buy B. buyingA. being bought7. If I niled the world, I wouldthe woildevErything that is bad.C. rid; of D. get nd; of A. get rid of; by B. be rid of by8. As is know

30、n to all, oranges arevitamin C.D. good for C. short of A. rich in B. poor with9. The boss is quitewith hisability.B. satisfying: satisfyingA. satisfied; satisfiedD. satisfying; satisfiedC. satisfied; satisfyingenergy 10. It is reported that the Umted States usesas the whol已 of Europe.missing a bus m

31、eansfor another hour 11. In some parts of London to be waiting D to waitC wait A. waitingB 12. Progress so far lias been very good.,we are sure that the project will be completed on time.D. BesidesB. Otherwise C. Therefore A. Howeverwith into space Sheiizliou VII spacecraft successfully 13. China ha

32、s sent up the sophisticated devices of science and technology.having been equipped D C equipping A to be equipped B equippedThere was alook on his face when he met with theproblem. 14confUsed :. coiifiised B： A. confiisingconfusmg confusing confiised： D confitsing： confiised Cpeople sometimes cant h

33、elpintobuying something they don*t While shopping, 15 really need.be persuaded D C being persuaded A. to persuade B persuading16. Luckily for us, when we got there the weatherto be fine.D. turned intoC. turned over A. turned up B. tiinied outsatisfiedquite “ Pmmaster answer, heard . 17Having my the

34、nodded satisfaction,7/6ou.A. with; with B. on: by C. in: to D. in; of18. The matter must be looked into. We are supposed to have a little.A. ram B. reather C. patience D. lookIX短文填空Yiian Longping. the father of super hybrid rice, has （奮 斗）for the past fivedecades for the Chinese farmers. In 1953 when Dr Yiian graduated from college,（饑餓）was adisturbing problem in many parts of the countrywide. （因此）,