倒裝句經(jīng)典用法

1、 思考： （一）句子的語(yǔ)序 （二）倒裝的分類 （三）倒裝產(chǎn)生的原因 英語(yǔ)句子的自然語(yǔ)序：主語(yǔ)在前英語(yǔ)句子的自然語(yǔ)序：主語(yǔ)在前,謂語(yǔ)在后謂語(yǔ)在后 （主語(yǔ)（主語(yǔ)+謂語(yǔ)）。把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前謂語(yǔ)）。把謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞放在主語(yǔ)之前 （謂語(yǔ)（謂語(yǔ)+主語(yǔ)）主語(yǔ)）,就叫就叫倒裝語(yǔ)序倒裝語(yǔ)序。 如果全部謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前如果全部謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前, 叫叫全部倒裝全部倒裝; 如果把謂語(yǔ)的一部分（通常是助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài)如果把謂語(yǔ)的一部分（通常是助動(dòng)詞、情態(tài) 動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞或be 動(dòng)詞）放在主語(yǔ)之前就叫動(dòng)詞）放在主語(yǔ)之前就叫部分倒裝。部分倒裝。 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 序序 自自 然然 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 序序 主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)The boy came i

2、n. 倒倒 裝裝 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) 序序 完全完全 倒裝倒裝 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 + +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ) In came the boy. 部分倒部分倒 裝裝 助動(dòng)詞助動(dòng)詞/ / 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + +主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)+ +謂謂 語(yǔ)語(yǔ) Never shall we forget them. n倒裝的原因： n引起倒裝的兩個(gè)原因：語(yǔ)法需要和修辭需要 n在語(yǔ)法需要時(shí)，倒裝是必須的，否則會(huì)出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò) 誤；在修辭需要時(shí)，倒裝是任意的，目的是為了強(qiáng) 調(diào)，否則的話，還可以還原成自然語(yǔ)序。 請(qǐng)觀察： The mens 110 hurdles come now. The athletes rush out. They jump up.

3、John runs so fast that he breaks the school record. We shall never forget the exciting moment. Now come the mens 110 hurdles. Out rush the athletes. Up they jump. So fast does John run that he breaks the school record. Never shall we forget the exciting moment. （一）完全倒裝的情況： n1.表方位的副詞here, there 或out,

4、 in, up, down, away, off，now ,then,等標(biāo)志詞放在句首，句子用完全倒 裝。 E.g. 1）Here comes the bus. 2）Out rushed the children. 3）Away went the boy. 此時(shí)主語(yǔ)必須是名詞,謂語(yǔ)是系動(dòng)詞或不及物動(dòng)詞； 主語(yǔ)若是代詞時(shí),不需要倒裝。 e.g. Out it rushed. Here you are. 注注 意意 n2.2.There be結(jié)構(gòu)。 n另外, ,在此結(jié)構(gòu)中可以用來(lái)代替bebe動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)詞有: : exist, seem, happen, appear, live, rise, sta

5、nd等。如: : e.g. 1)There stood a dog before him. 2)There exist different opinions on this question. n鞏固練習(xí): 1) _ a beautiful palace _ the foot of the hill. A. There stand; at B. There stands; under C. Stands there; underD. There stands; at n3.表示地點(diǎn)的介詞詞組( (如如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the ho

6、use, in the middle of the room等等) )放在句首時(shí)，且謂語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞為come, be,live, lie, go等時(shí)用完全倒裝。 ne.g. 1）At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake. 2）In the front of the room was a table, and behind it stood a beautiful lady. 3） From the valley came a cry. 4. such, the following等放句首時(shí)， 句子要完 全倒裝。 e.g.(1)Such are th

7、e facts. 情況就是如此。 (2) Such is life. 生活就是這樣。 (3)The following is the answer to the question. 這個(gè)問(wèn)題的答案如下。 5.“表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)”的結(jié)構(gòu)。 e.g. 1）Present at the party were Mr Green and many other guests. 出席晚會(huì)的有格林先生，還有一些別的賓客。 2）Seated on the ground are a group of young men. 坐在地上的是一群年輕人。 n【注意】此時(shí)，主語(yǔ)較長(zhǎng)，可還原為正常語(yǔ)序即： 主系動(dòng)詞表語(yǔ)。 （二

8、）部分倒裝的情況 n1.含有否定意義的副詞或短語(yǔ)如： nfew, little, never, not, not until, neither, nor, nin no way（無(wú)論如何不，決不，一點(diǎn)也不） nnowhere（無(wú)處；任何地方都不）, rarely, seldom, nhardly / scarcelywhen， no sooner(than)（一.就） not only(but also), in no case /under no circumstances/at no time/by no means （在任何情況下都不）, 等表示否定含義的詞放在句首時(shí)，需用部分倒裝。 e

9、.g. 1）Little does he know about the news. 他對(duì)這消息知之甚少。 2)By no means can he catch up in such a short time. 他根本不可能在這么短的時(shí)間里趕上來(lái)。 3）Hardly / Scarcely had he fallen asleep when a loud knock at the door awaked him. 4） No sooner had I reached the station than train moved. 【疑難【疑難1】 He is active in personality

10、, and he seldom stays indoors. (無(wú)助動(dòng)詞) He is active in personality, and seldom does he stay indoors. (添加does) 【疑難剖析【疑難剖析1】若原句中沒有助動(dòng)詞，必須根據(jù)謂 語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的具體時(shí)態(tài)來(lái)確定相應(yīng)的助動(dòng)詞do, does 或 did。 【疑難【疑難2】 Not only children but also adults are interested in the film Harry Potter. 【疑難【疑難2】Not onlybut also連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)不 可倒裝。只有在連接兩個(gè)

11、句子且將not only所連接的 句子提到句首時(shí)，才可用倒裝，but also后面的句子 不倒裝。前倒后不倒前倒后不倒. Not only did we lose all our money, but we also lost our Way. 【疑難【疑難4】 The villagers did not realize how serious the pollution was until all the fish died in the river. Not until all the fish died in the river did the villagers realize how

12、 serious the pollution was. (將until后面的全部?jī)?nèi)容提前) 【疑難剖析【疑難剖析4】not until提前時(shí)，要用倒裝，且 必須將not until后面的全部?jī)?nèi)容提前，而不僅僅 是not until這兩個(gè)詞。 Not until放在句首,從句不 倒裝,主句倒裝。 【疑難【疑難3】 I had hardly got to the airport when the plane took off. Hardly had I got to the airport when the plane took off. (注意謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式) 【疑難剖析【疑難剖析3】在“hard

13、ly / scarcelywhen / no sooner” 位于句首時(shí)，要用部分倒裝。 no soonerthan, hardly/scarcelywhen表示表示“一一就就時(shí)時(shí), 主句用過(guò)去主句用過(guò)去 完成時(shí)完成時(shí) (倒裝倒裝),從句用過(guò)去時(shí)從句用過(guò)去時(shí)。前倒后不倒前倒后不倒. e.g. No sooner had I got home than it began to rain. 【疑難【疑難5】 I neither wanted to see the film nor bought the ticket. Neither did I want to see the film nor d

14、id I buy the ticket. 【疑難剖析【疑難剖析5】neither nor 句型中兩個(gè)句子都 需要部分倒裝。 n2.so / as / neither / nor 為標(biāo)志詞放在句首時(shí)，句子 用倒裝。 表示前面所說(shuō)的肯定情況，也適合于另一人或物 時(shí)，句式如下： so / as be (助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 主語(yǔ)。 表示前面所說(shuō)的否定情況也適合于另一人或物時(shí)， 句式如下： neither (nor) be (助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 主語(yǔ)。 【特別提醒】【特別提醒】 “so 主語(yǔ)助動(dòng)詞(或be動(dòng)詞)”表示對(duì)上 文肯定的內(nèi)容加以肯定或贊同，意為“的確如 此”；例如： Its raining h

15、ard. 天下著大雨。 So it is. 是的。 “主語(yǔ)did so”表示：“主語(yǔ)”這樣做 了。 例如： Tom asked me to go to play football with him and I did so. Tom要我去踢足球，我去了。 n3. only 修飾的狀語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí),主句倒裝。 e.g. (1)你只有用這種方法才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。 Only in this way can you learn English well. (2)只有他有時(shí)間的話他才會(huì)來(lái)。 Only if he has time will he come here. (3)他被請(qǐng)了3次才來(lái)開會(huì)。 Only a

16、fter being asked three times did he come to the meeting. (4)Only that boy can work out the problem. 只有那個(gè)男孩才能解答出這個(gè)問(wèn)題。 【結(jié)論【結(jié)論3】 1.“only 狀語(yǔ)(或狀語(yǔ)從句)”放在句首時(shí)， 句子用部分倒裝。倒倒裝主句而不倒裝從句，裝主句而不倒裝從句， 即：即：“主倒從不倒主倒從不倒”。 2.only之后強(qiáng)調(diào)的不是狀語(yǔ)而是主語(yǔ)部分時(shí)， 不可倒裝。 3. only 后被強(qiáng)調(diào)的狀語(yǔ)一般為副詞（如then 等）、介詞短語(yǔ)（in this way)或狀語(yǔ)從句 （when從句）。 n4.在 “s

17、othat” 和 “ suchthat”表程度時(shí)， 將“soadj. ”和“suchn. ”提到句首時(shí)，句子用 部分倒裝。 前倒后不倒. e.g.(1) So terrible was the storm that the whole roof was blown off. 暴風(fēng)雨如此厲害，整個(gè)屋頂都被吹掉了。 (2)Such a clever boy was Jack that he was able to work out all these difficult problems. 杰克是如此聰明的孩子，他能解答所有這些難題。 5. as/ though (雖然，盡管）引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從 句

18、，只須把表語(yǔ), 狀語(yǔ), 或動(dòng)詞原形提到as前。主 謂不發(fā)生倒裝。 nTired as he felt, he kept on working. nChild as he was, he could work out the problem. nA bad-tempered man as he is, he loves me deeply. nMuch as he likes English, he is not good at it. nTry as we might, we could not bring him around to accept our view. n注意：作表語(yǔ)的單數(shù)可數(shù)

19、名詞提到主語(yǔ)前時(shí)不帶 冠詞。as也可以替換成though. 6.表示時(shí)間頻率的狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，且表示強(qiáng)表示時(shí)間頻率的狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)，且表示強(qiáng) 調(diào)時(shí)，句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序。調(diào)時(shí)，句子用倒裝語(yǔ)序。 常用的頻率狀語(yǔ)有常用的頻率狀語(yǔ)有always,usually,often,now and then,once,many a time, every day等。等。 Eg. 1）Often did he come to my home in the past. 2）Many a time have I seen her walking alone in the street. 倒裝倒裝 倒裝句的高考考點(diǎn)：倒裝句

20、的高考考點(diǎn)： 全部倒裝全部倒裝 部分倒裝部分倒裝 1. 在以在以here、there、now、then、 off、away等副詞開頭的句子里。等副詞開頭的句子里。 2. 表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)。 1、Only+狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)狀語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí) 2.否定副詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí)否定副詞或短語(yǔ)位于句首時(shí) 3、在省去、在省去if的虛擬條件從句的虛擬條件從句 中中 4、So Neither Nor 位于句首時(shí)位于句首時(shí) 5、as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句 6、特殊句式、特殊句式 n1.【2011全國(guó)卷I 28】Only when he reached the te

21、a- house _it was the same place hed been in last year. A. he realized B. he did realize C. realized he D. did he realize 2.【2011福建卷29】Its nice. Never before_ such a special drink! Im glad you like it. A.I have had B. I had C. have I had D. had I 3.10江蘇Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there_ the rest

22、of our guests! A. come B. comes C. is coming D. are coming 4.10江西Not until he left his home _ to know how important the family was for him. A did he begin B had he begun C he began D he had begun 5.09海南The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only _, but students became more interested in the lessons. A. saved was teachers energy B. was teachers energy saved C. teachers energy was saved D. was saved teachers energy 6.09山東So sudden _that the enemy had no time to escape. A. did the attack B. the attack did C. was the attack D