(完整版)高中英語倒裝句(完整版詳細(xì)講義+隨堂練習(xí))5頁

1、Grammar of the Inversion （Module 5 Unit 4）倒裝句英語最基本的語序是主語在前，謂語動詞在后。但有時由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)的需要或表示強(qiáng)調(diào)，就要采用倒裝形式。倒裝分兩種情況: 1)將謂語動詞完全移到主語之前稱為完全倒裝，2)只將助動詞或情態(tài)動詞放到主語之前稱為部分倒裝。并且強(qiáng)調(diào)性倒裝和以so， neither， nor開頭的句子是高考例題的熱點(diǎn)。一、倒裝句的意義1. 用倒裝構(gòu)成疑問句,適應(yīng)一定的語法結(jié)構(gòu)的需要。e.g. May I come in？Was the Peoples Liberation Army founded in 1927？2. 為了強(qiáng)調(diào)某一部分，

2、而把這部分放到句首，構(gòu)成倒裝。e.g. Never have I been late for school this term. So early did he come to school that no other students came.二、倒裝的用法完全倒裝1. 在“there be”結(jié)構(gòu)里，there是引導(dǎo)詞，主語在be后。在“there + be”結(jié)構(gòu)中的謂語動詞有時不用be , 而用表示類似“存在”觀念的其他不及物動詞。如：live, stand, come, lie, flow, enter, rise 和appear等。e.g. There is a box on the

3、 table.There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house.Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.2. 為了表達(dá)生動，有時把表地點(diǎn)、方位的副詞，如here, there, now , then, , thus , up， down， out，off, over, away， in等放在句首，同時把謂語動詞放在主語之前, 在here， there等副詞開頭的某些句子里（要用一般

4、現(xiàn)在時態(tài)）。若主語為人稱代詞，主語和謂語動詞的位置不變，只將副詞放在句首。（完全倒裝）。e.g. There goes the bell. Here is an apple for you.There she comes.(人稱代詞倒裝)e.g. Away hurried the boy. Out rushed the girl.Away she went with tears in her eyes.Ex：Out _, with a stick in his hand. A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rushEx：The

5、re _. And here _.A. goes the phone; she comes B. is the phone going; is sheC. does the phone go; does she come D. the phone goes; come she3. 為了保持句子的平衡或?yàn)榱藦?qiáng)調(diào)表語和狀語，或使上下文緊密銜接，常把表示地點(diǎn)的介詞短語 (如on the wall, under the tree, in front of the house, in the middle of the room等)放在句首用時, ,要用完全倒裝,該結(jié)構(gòu)不需加助動詞。構(gòu)成: 1) 表(介

6、短)+系+主; 2) 狀(介短)+謂動+主 . 如:On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.In front of the classroom is a playground. East of the town lies a beautiful lake. In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor. Outside the doctors clinic were twenty patients. Ex：Under a big tree _, half asleep.A.

7、 did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man 4.直接引語的全部或一部分放在句首時，主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。（完全倒裝）e.g. Very well， said the French student. Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea， please. he said.()5. “表語(代詞such) + be + 主語結(jié)構(gòu)。如: Such was the story he told me.Such were her words.Such was the

8、result.部分倒裝1. 在疑問句中。e.g. Is she singing in the classroom？What does your mother do？ 2. 重復(fù)倒裝句型，用在以so， nor， neither開頭，表示謂語所述的情況也適用于另一個人或一事物的肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示“也一樣”“也這樣”；nor， neither用于否定句，表示“同樣也不，也不這樣”。e.g. I am watching TV. So is she. My parents didnt watch TV last night. Neither （Nor） did I.She is bus

9、y doing her homework. So is her brother.You passed the exam. So did I.He doesnt like shopping. Neither do i.He cant speak any foreign language. Nor can his father.注意: 表示兩人的同樣一個情況時，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的動詞、時態(tài)要一致。否則要用so it is withHis uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten y

10、ears. So it is with his aunt.Ex：1)I dont know how to swim, _. A. and my sister doesnt neither B. nor my sister can C. nor does my sister D. and my sister does either2)Shes passed the test. _. A. So am I B. So have I C. So I have D. Also I have3） Do you know Tom bought a new car? I dont know, _. A. n

11、or dont I care B. nor do I careC. I dont care neitherD. I dont care also 注意：當(dāng)so引出的句子用以對上文內(nèi)容加以證實(shí)或肯定時，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。意為的確如此。例如： Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did. 湯姆邀我去踢球，我去了。 -Its raining hard. -So it is. 雨下得真大。是呀。 3. 在以hardly(scarcely), never, not, little, few，seldom, nowhere，no,no- 等否定或半否定意

12、義的副詞、連詞放在句首時要用倒裝句，采用部分倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。e.g. Little did he say at the meeting. Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.Not once did we visit the city of our own.Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.Never have I seen such a performance. 從未見過如此糟糕的表演。 Nowhere will you find

13、 the answer to this question. 無論如何你不會找到這個問題的答案的。 Never have I seen such a performance.Ex.-Why cant I smoke here? -At no time_ in the meeting-room A. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permitted C. smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit 比較：I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.Ex：2)

14、 Have you ever seen anything like that before? No, _ anything like that before.A. I never have seenB. never I have seenC. never have I seenD. I have seen4. 用于以only所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子中。e.g. Only when the war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to wrk. Only in this way can we learn Englis

15、h well.注意：如果only后的詞組不是狀語，不需倒裝。e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this. only Only a few young men went to the theatre. （修飾主語時則不用倒裝）Ex：1)Only in this way _ make progress in your English. A. youB. can youC. you be able toD. will you able to2) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend. A. he cou

16、ldB. he was able toC. was he able toD. was able to he3)Only after liberation_ to be treated as human beings.A.did they begin B. they had begun C.they did begin D. had they begun5. 在虛擬結(jié)構(gòu)中，條件從句的謂語含有were， had 和should這三個詞是，可省去if，將這些詞移至主語之前。e.g. Had I time （= If I had time）， I would go and help you. Were

17、 I you （= If I were you）， I would go abroad. Should he come （=If he should come）， tell him to ring me up.6. as引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句時要倒裝（形容詞/ 副詞/ 名詞/ 動詞 + as + 主語 + 謂語）。 e.g. Proud as they are， they are afraid to see me. Child as he is， he seems to know everything.（child前不加冠詞）Hard as he worded， he made little pro

18、gress.Much as she likes him, she doesnt love him.Ex：_, hes honest. A. As he is poorB. Poor is heC. Poor as he isD. Poor as is he_, he knows a lot of things. A. A child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as is he D. Child as is he 7. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。e.g. May you succeed！ Long live the Peoples Republi

19、c of China！8. So + 形容詞、副詞及such 置于句首時要倒裝。 So happy did he feel.Such was me.Such a good girl is she. Such delicious food did he cook.9.固定搭配 hardlywhen; scarcelywhen; no soonerthan 可以用正常語序 had hardly done when did 或用倒裝句式Hardly had + 主語+ done when did 句式。hardly所在的句子用過去完成時。(主倒從不到)Hardly(Scarcely) had he

20、reached the station when the train started.The bell hardly had rung when the class began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.Ex：1）Hardly _down _he stepped in.A.had I sat than B. I had sat when C.had I sat then D. had I satwhen2) H

21、ardly _ the airport when the plane took off. A. I had arrived atB. had I arrivedC. had I reachedD. I had got to10. 在以often, well, many a time, now and again 等方式或頻度副詞(短語)開頭的句子中,要用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Often did we warn them not to do so.Well d

22、id I remember the day I saw a wild tiger.Always did the soldier go to help the villagers.Many a time has John given me good advice.Ex：Many a time _ swimming alone. A. the boy wentB. went the boyC. did the boy goD. did go the boy11. so+ 形容詞/副詞that 的結(jié)果狀語從句可以用正常語序表示，也可以把so+形容詞/副詞放于句首構(gòu)成倒裝。句型如下： so +形容詞/

23、副詞+be/助動詞/情態(tài)動詞that +從句。(主倒從不倒)Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.12. 分詞+ be + 主語結(jié)構(gòu)。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teach

24、er.Lying on the floor was a boy aged seventeen.13. done做形容詞在句中做表語時，常把表語放在句首，要用倒裝句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.Seated on the ground are a group of young men playing cards.14. not only but also引出的并列句，緊跟not only后的句子要倒裝，but also后的句子不倒裝。注意： 如否定詞not only不在句首不倒

25、裝。例如： Not only did he refuse the gift, he also severely criticized the sender. 他沒有收下禮物，還狠狠批評了送禮的人。 Not only was there no electricity, but also no water.如果置于句首的Not only but also僅連接兩個并列詞語，不可用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，如：Not only you but also I am fond of music。 15. 當(dāng)not until引出主從復(fù)合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。注意： 如否定詞不在句首不倒裝。例如： Not until

26、 the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room. 母親一直到孩子入睡后離開房間。Not until the child fell asleep the mother did leave the room.Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn her head.Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is. A. man did know B. man know C. didnt man

27、 know D. did man know Ex.1）Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat is A. man did know B. man knew C. didnt man know D. did man know 2）Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted. A. didnt I realizeB. did I realizeC. I didnt realizeD. I realize 倒裝句綜合練習(xí)：1._ and caught the m

28、ouse. A. Up the cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat D. Jumped up the cat2._ and the lesson began. A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came he D. came in Mr Brown3.Over _ , dead. A. rolling the goatB. rolled the goat C. did the goat rollD. the goat rolled4.Where is my shirt

29、, mum? _. A. There is it B.There it is C. There is D. Here is it5. Where is your father? Oh, _. A. here he comes B. he here comes C. here does he come D. here comes he6.The door opened and there _ .A. enters an old man B. entered an old man C. did an old man enter D. an old man entered7. Now _ your

30、turn to recite the text. A. will comeB. comesC. has comeD. there is8.Often _ them not to smoke here. A. we advised B. advised me C. did we advise D. had we advised9._ playing soldiers. A. Inside the room were two boys B. Inside the room two boysC. Were two boys inside the room D. Inside the room was

31、 two boys10. On the wall _ two large portraits. A. are hangingB. Hanged C. hangD. hangs 11._ who was wounded in the stomach. A. Among them were a soldier B. Among them was a soldier C. Among them a soldier was D. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours _ , who is no less than eighty. A. that l

32、ives an old man B. does an old man live C. lives an old man D. where lives an old man13.She plays the piano very well, _. A. so every one of us does B. every one of us does C. so does every one of us D. so do every one of us14.You say he works hard, _, and _. A. so he does; so you do B. so he does;

33、so do you C. so does he; so do you D. so does he; so you do15. I thought you women were present at the meeting. _. A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16.I dont think Jack will come today, _. A. nor will Mary B. and Mary doesnt C. Mary will either D. or Mary does17. She is fond of c

34、ooking, _I . A. so am B. nor am C. neither do D. nor do18.Marx was born in Germany and German was his native language . A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles19.A fish needs water and without water it will die._. A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man20. So absorbed _ the work that she often forgot to _ her meals. A. had she been in; do B. she was in; make C. was she in; take D. she had been in ; have21.So loudly _ that every one of the class could hear him. A. did he speak B. did he