The Symbolic Meaning of House in The House on Mango Street英語專業(yè)畢業(yè)論文

1、the symbolic meaning of house in the house on mango streetabstractas a classic in contemporary american ethnic literature，the novel the house on the mango street has brought sandra cisneros international famethe house on mango street records the struggling history of mexican immigrants in americaapp

2、roaching the life of immigrants, the novel discloses the dilemma of minority communities in american society from the perspective of a little female protagonist esperansathe novel also portrays the growth of esperansa，reflecting esperansas and other mexican womens marginal status in american society

3、 and their subordinate reality from their fathers or oppression by their husbands after marriage，through which the work lays bare those mexican womens physical and spiritual pursuit of social equality，racial and gender identity this thesis will analyze esperansas narrating of her ordinary life to ex

4、plore the symbolic meaning of “house” in the house on mango street. it consists of five parts. chapter one introduces the genre and themes of the house on mango street. chapter two defines the meaning of the house. chapter three discusses about how people on mango street pursue class equality. it al

5、so talks about the birth of the novel. in chapter four, the lower-class latinos fight for equal racial identity. chapter five introduces the male chauvinism and how the women try to win an equal gender status.keywords：house；pursue ;class identity; racial identity； gender identity內(nèi)容摘要作為美國(guó)當(dāng)代族裔文學(xué)經(jīng)典之作，小

6、說 芒果街上的小屋為美國(guó)女作家桑德拉 希斯內(nèi)羅絲贏得國(guó)際聲譽(yù)。芒果街上的小屋描述了墨西哥移民在美國(guó)辛酸的奮斗史。小說從主人公-一個(gè)小女孩埃斯佩朗莎 科德羅的視角書寫芒果街的移民生活，尤其是社區(qū)中少數(shù)族裔女性在夾縫中的生存狀態(tài)，呈現(xiàn)美國(guó)社會(huì)少數(shù)族裔社區(qū)的困境。小說講述了主人公埃斯佩朗莎 科德羅的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷，反映埃斯佩朗莎以及其它少數(shù)族裔女性在美國(guó)社會(huì)的弱勢(shì)地位以及在家庭受男性壓迫的現(xiàn)實(shí)，折射出以埃斯佩朗莎為代表的墨西哥裔女性對(duì)象征階級(jí)、種族和性別平等的一所完全屬于自己的房子不懈追尋的心聲。本論文通過分析主人公埃斯佩朗莎 科德羅講述她的日常生活來探討房子在芒果街上的小屋一書中的象征意義。本文包括五個(gè)

7、部分：第一章介紹該小說的流派和主題。第二章討論了房子的定義。第三章介紹了在芒果街上的人是如何追求階級(jí)的平等，包括介紹這部小說是如何誕生的。第四章寫了社會(huì)下層的墨西哥裔的人們?yōu)榱似降鹊纳贁?shù)民族地位是如何奮斗的。第五章介紹了在芒果街上的大男子主義現(xiàn)象和那些女人是如何爭(zhēng)取性別平等的地位。關(guān)鍵詞：房子；追尋；階級(jí)身份；種族身份；性別身份outlinethesis statement: this thesis is talking about the symbolic meaning of house in the house on mango street.1 introduction1.1 genr

8、e 1.2 themes2 the definition of house 3 house: pursuing of equal class identity3.1 pursuing of equal class identity3.2 background information4 house: pursuing equal racial identity5 house: pursuing equal gender identity5.1 male chauvinism5.2 pursuing equal gender identity6 conclusion table of conten

9、ts1 introduction.11.1 genre.21.2 themes .22 the definition of house .43 house: pursuing of equal class identity.63.1 pursuing of equal class identity63.2 background information94 house: pursuing equal racial identity115 house: pursuing equal gender identity.135.1 male chauvinism.135.2 pursuing equal

10、 gender identity.156 conclusion .16notes .17bibliography .191. introductionvirginia woolf, regarded as one of the forerunners of british feminist writers of the 20th century, once said a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction1. woolf noted that women have been kept fr

11、om writing because of their relative poverty, and financial freedom will bring women the freedom to write.2 it is obvious that woman has to become independent not only in space but also in economy in order to have the scope for her particular talents of literary and artistic creation and achieve the

12、 independent and equal status in a world dominated by men. the subsequent feminists, however, found out that the obstacles they met with were far more than they had thought on the way to pursue independence and equality. one of the outstanding american jewish writers tillie olsen who struggled for a

13、 living dissects deeply that women will be confronted with big barriers in social status and gender equality when they are writing or doing other things in literary and artistic creation. likewise, an outstanding afro-american woman writer alice walker called the defender of the black race and black

14、 women sharply scolds that sex and racial discrimination are obstruction in the emergence of the sense of the black females. like alice walker, sandra cisneros a female chicana writer in contemporary america has gathered criticism, social status and gender discrimination in her master piece the hous

15、e on mango street. it probes a mexican-american female esperansa in the marginal status of the lowest caste, minority and subordinate reality makes a sustained effort for her own house which is a symbol of class, race and sex of mexican-american. so some authors say three books by alice walker, sand

16、ra cisneros, and adrienne rich exemplify the examination of womens personal identities from a communal perspective.cisneros the house on mango street covers hispanic identity.31.1 genrethe house on mango street is a coming-of-age novel by the mexican-american writer sandra cisneros, published in 198

17、4. it won the american book award from the before columbus foundation in 1985. almost immediately after publication, people started to take notice of sandra cisneross the house on mango street. the house on mango street is consisted of vignettes that are not quite poems and not quite full stories. e

18、speranza narrates these vignettes in first-person present tense, focusing on her day-to-day activities and her view of herself within the community where she resides, in addition to an examination of her neighbors, but sometimes narrating sections are just a series of observations. so the vignettes

19、are not connected to one another closely, although they often mention characters introduced in earlier sections. each vignette can stand as an independent mini-story. they can be as short as two or three paragraphs long and sometimes contain internal rhymes. in the family of little feet for example,

20、 esperanza says:their arms were little, and their hands were little, and their height was not tall, and their feet very small;”4,1931.2 themes cisneros paints a picture of an oppressive latino patriarchal community where women are expected to conform to traditional female roles; however, esperanza r

21、ejects those roles and forges her own path, thereby inventing her own definition of what it means to come of age as a chicana. it is also through these short literary sketches that cisneros explores the struggles of the women in her neighborhood. the work, in fact, is dedicated to “a las mujeres,” t

22、ranslated as “to the women.” 4,151the collection of vignettes explores many topics including sexism, racism, classism, domestic violence, power of language, hope, pride, poverty, coming of age, empowerment, independence, identity, and sexuality. the examination of these topics demonstrates to the re

23、ader that esperanza develops into an empowered character. nothing can hold her back to the oppressive community.many of the past critical articles use feminist and cultural lenses to focus on the topic of women as second-class citizens. through these explorations, they show how esperanzas forced pos

24、ition as a second-class citizen within her community relates to her development and self-identity when compared to others in the neighborhood.additionally, several critics draw attention to peoples lives as second-class citizens. it explores the hard life the mexican-americans led. through discussin

25、g the meaning of house in the house on mango street, two points of views will be adopted. within the house on mango street, cisneros weaves several subtle literary allusions, mostly from fairy tales including the house, into many of her vignettes. these subtle allusions help cisneros create a portra

26、it of expected feminine roles within the patriarchal community, which, when juxtaposed with esperanzas ideals for herself, help distinguish her as different from those around her. because she is different and stronger than other women in her community, esperanza will be able to reject the other fema

27、le role models presented by both the women in her community and the women in her dream she has been inundated with her entire life. she includes allusions to the house to teach esperanza how not to be one like other women in her community. the rejection of the models that have been presented to her

28、will allow her to create her own story instead where she will be able to “l(fā)ive happily ever after” on her own terms and not to rely on waiting for someone else to save her. esperanza says “not a flat. not an apartment in black. not a mans house. not a daddys. a house all my own.”4, 279esperanza is d

29、esirous of a house on her own. only by owing a house of her own, can she escape from the patriarchal community and poverty. as the novel says”one day i will go awaythey will not know i have gone away to come back. for the ones i left behind. for the ones who cannot out. ”4, 281 her escape will allow

30、 her to finally escape poverty and the oppression of her community, but will also give her the strength to return to save other women from similar trappings, thereby becoming their figurative prince charming.2. the definition of house the concepts of “space” and “house” are the central themes of the

31、 house on mango street. the narrator, esperanza, attempts to find a house on her own while in the process of maturing and searching for her identity by looking for a place that will define her individuality. the house should be both a physical and a psychological place. it should be a place where on

32、e feels comfortable: the shape and the content of the house should accord with the owners identity. thus this “house” can serve as a foundation for cultural identity.first of all, what is the definition of the “house”? gaston bachelard in the “the poetic of space” defines the term as something that

33、“constitutes a body of images that give mankind proofs or illusions of stability”. 5a house means stability and roots. “ in both the east and the west mystics use images of the house; more frequently, the body is figured as the house of the soul” 5. a house has something to do with the human soul. t

34、he english romantic poet john keats compared life to “a large mansion of apartments” and described the development of the human thought process as a journey through the variations of consciousness, just like a big mansion with different apartments. on the other hand, the image of a decaying house ha

35、s been employed as a symbol of political or social instability and decline by writers like virgina woolf. virgina woolfs famous feminist book, a room of ones own declared that a woman must have money and a room of her own if she is to write fiction and if she wants to write.1in the book, esperanza w

36、ants a house of her own. why does she want a house? there are several reasons for this. (1) a poor house symbolizes poor status. instead of being labeled as “poor”, everyone likes to be rich. the house on the mango street does not match the image that she has given of herself. it is the pursuit of e

37、qual social status. (2) sense of belonging. in immigration literature of afro-american, asian american and latino culture, house is an important image that means somewhere one belongs to. esperanza has no sense of belonging to her house on mango street. belonging is a term which is generally known a

38、s the feeling of acceptance by others and having a place in the world to call ones own. however, esperanza who feels that without a house of her own, she has or owns no place in the world. the house on the mango street which may protect her from being discriminated is not the house she thought she d

39、eserves. (3) esperanzas ideal house is not one house with a dominant male power. cisneros once claimed that she has seven fathers, her father and her six brothers. the situation is the same in esperanzas house, the males power is always stronger than the females power. a house on her own could help

40、her get rid of the patriarchal community.so the symbol of house in the house on mango street is the dreams of esperanza-leaving from slum to get rid of poverty; winning equity in the atmosphere of racial discrimination; realizing her value in the patriarchal community. it is plain to see that house

41、of her own actually means physical and spiritual pursuit of equality of class，racial and gender identity3. house: pursuing of equal class identity3.1 pursuing of equal class identityas shown in the title, the house is the central image which resulted in a variety of interpretations. as william lloyd

42、 warner, the pioneering anthropologist noted for applying the techniques of his discipline to contemporary american culture, says, “we are proud of those facts of american life that fit the pattern we are taught but somehow we are often ashamed of those equally important social facts which demonstra

43、te the presence of social class. consequently, we tend to deny them, or worse, denounce them and by doing so we tend to deny their existence and magically make them disappear from consciousness.” 7the americans should have equal status. however, class discrimination does exist in the whole society,

44、not only in the united states. mccracken ellen pointed out that the house seems to be a perception, an objective concrete event independent from esperanza, is instead the materialization of her own inner emotions, energy, and mental environment. 7from the very beginning of the novel, there is the co

45、unterpart between the house and the social status of esperanza. esperanza finds this scheme of equating self with the physical construct of ones home more difficult. the difficulty arises not only because of her familys financial inability to get the big white house. the problem lies more in the cal

46、culation of the house being both symbolic of social status and of personal identity; such an equation identity does not rest well with esperanza. she learns this early on while living in a third-floor apartment. while playing out front, she is asked by a nun from school where she lives. at that time

47、 the families of esperanza were living on the loomis. one day, a nun from esperanzas school passed by her home and asked esperanza where she lived. “there, i said pointing out to the third flooryou live there? the way she said it made me feel like nothing”. 4,153suddenly, esperanza sees how home can

48、 equal social status, and she is aware of how she is perceived because of her home. she becomes “l(fā)ike nothing” in the eyes of the nun, even esperanzas own by pointing out her home, where moments before she was not nothing. the house becomes a sort of status symbol of the master of the house. the mot

49、tled wall which has fallen into ruins and the wooden bars nailed on the windows show esperanzas minor status as a descendant of colored mexican. as a result, the nun held esperanza in contempt and esperanza also felt robbed of her dignity and self esteem. the loss of identity made little esperanza p

50、ainfully aware of the importance of pursuing equal status. at that moment she recognized her need for a real sense of house which “i could point to.” to move “up” in american society. and she would be proud of the house but never be ashamed of it. the pursuit of house with real value reawakes espera

51、nzas consciousness of her identity. she began making energetic efforts for rebuilding the ego and she wanted herself to be on an equal footing with others. however, the process of pursuing was thickly sown with thorns and bitterness. in the residential area, the unsophisticated esperanza had once ex

52、perienced transitory happiness from identity of equal status. esperanzas first friend in mango street is cathy, a white girl from the upper classes. she enjoyed the pure friendship between them and carefree equal status. however, the difference between two social classes predestined esperanzas beaut

53、iful and fond dreams to be short lived. cathys father soon moves the family away because the neighborhood is getting bad, or in other words becoming more inhabited by lower-class latinos like esperanzas family.the distinction in social status and the gap between wealth and poverty are plotting out p

54、eople not only physically but psychologically. cathy could move in better community, but esperanza couldnt. and her friends could only be second-class colored men like rachel, lucy,etc.at school, esperanza is not satisfied with status marked by house. she tries to break the boundary of social status

55、 in order to have equal treatment, but she fails. in the chapter “a rice sandwich”, she wants to eat in the canteen just like “the special kids”. “the canteen! even the name sounds important.”4,198 she asks her mother to write a note to the sister superior, but ends in exchanging for insult. the sis

56、ter superior asks esperanza” which one? which one is your house”4,201 while pointing to a row of ugly three-flats, the ones even the raggedy men are ashamed to go into. though she knew that wasnt her house, she admitted it. because esperanza knew the brutal reality that the house is a symbol of soci

57、al status and of personal identity. a shabby house declares a shabby owner. on the other hand, esperanzas sandwich made of leftovers without meat much less peanut butter and bologna also shows the distinction in social status. effort and failure make esperanza deeply realize the reason which causes

58、different social status in different house. they are different and not allowed to cross the boundary. “people who live on hills sleep so close to the stars they forget those of us who live too much on earth. they dont look down at all except to be content to live on hills. they have nothing to do with last weeks garbage or fear of