語(yǔ)法填空技巧講解 終極版

1、 似曾相識(shí)：似曾相識(shí)： 1. 【2015課標(biāo)全國(guó)課標(biāo)全國(guó)】It was raining lightly when I _(arrive) In Yangshuo just before dawn(黎明). 2. 【2015安安徽徽】Just as I got to the school gate ,I realized I _ (leave) my book in the restaurant. 3. 【2014山山東東】Susan made _clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself. arrived had lef

2、t it 4. 【2014江江西西】Whenever I made mistakes, the teacher pointed them out with _(patient). 5. 【2013天天津津】I think watching TV every evening is a waste of timethere are _(meaningful) things to do. 6. 【2014北北京京】Jane is in a hurry because the train to the airport leaves _ half an hour. patience more meani

3、ngful in 7. 【2014天天津津】After the event(活動(dòng)） the _(piano) were donated to local school and community groups. 8. 【2015重重慶慶】He wrote many childrens books, nearly half of _wered published in the 1990s. 9. 【2014安安徽徽】The exact year _Kate and her family spent together in China was in 2008. pianos which which

4、/that 考試題型解讀考試題型解讀 20162016年年新課標(biāo)高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空類題目語(yǔ)法填空類題目的考綱考綱 要求：要求： 在一篇200詞左右的語(yǔ)言材料中留出1010個(gè)空白， 部分空白的后面給出單詞的基本形式，要求要求考 生根據(jù)上下文填寫空白處空白處所需的內(nèi)容（1 1個(gè)單個(gè)單 詞詞）或所提供單詞所提供單詞的正確形式正確形式。 題題型的顯著特型的顯著特點(diǎn)：點(diǎn)：將語(yǔ)言知語(yǔ)言知識(shí)識(shí)和語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法知識(shí)法知識(shí)放在 語(yǔ)篇中進(jìn)行考察。 文章內(nèi)容題文章內(nèi)容題材材，體體裁多樣裁多樣化化（記敘文，議論文， 對(duì)話等）。 命題形式命題形式 無(wú)提示詞無(wú)提示詞 冠詞冠詞 代詞代詞 連詞連詞 介詞介詞 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、強(qiáng)調(diào)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、

5、強(qiáng)調(diào) 助動(dòng)詞等助動(dòng)詞等 能能力要求力要求: 1.詞匯詞匯量量 2.構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法的變化和運(yùn)用的變化和運(yùn)用 3.句句子分析子分析能力與能力與語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用能力能力 4.對(duì)對(duì)文意文意的理解及上下文的理解及上下文語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)義、語(yǔ)境的語(yǔ)境的邏邏 輯判斷及推理能力輯判斷及推理能力 根根據(jù)詞意據(jù)詞意, 定定詞形詞形 分分析空格前后提示詞，析空格前后提示詞，, 定定詞性詞性 解題四步走解題四步走 提示：尋找填詞的 依據(jù)。每一個(gè)空格里 所需的單詞或短語(yǔ)其 實(shí)都可以從所在的句 子或者上下文中找到 它的依據(jù)。 快速讀文快速讀文,了解大了解大意意 詞組搭詞組搭配配, 前后連貫前后連貫 動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞 名詞名詞 形容詞形容詞

6、 副詞副詞 冠詞冠詞 代詞代詞 連詞連詞 介詞介詞 詞性詞性 一一 般般 有有 提提 示示 詞詞 無(wú)無(wú) 提提 示示 詞詞 定冠詞定冠詞,不定冠詞不定冠詞 并并列連詞，復(fù)合連詞列連詞，復(fù)合連詞 doing, done, to do 及變形及變形 時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)時(shí)態(tài)，語(yǔ)態(tài)態(tài), 主主謂一致謂一致 常用介詞的用法，詞常用介詞的用法，詞組搭配組搭配 詞匯詞匯, 構(gòu)詞法構(gòu)詞法 人稱代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞，指示代人稱代詞，物主代詞，不定代詞，指示代 詞，反身代詞詞，反身代詞 有提示詞類的詞形變化有提示詞類的詞形變化: 1.動(dòng)動(dòng)詞詞除了謂除了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，還考詞，還考慮慮其其 否定詞否定詞

7、（dis- /mis），），名詞名詞（-ment/ ation /-er 等等），），形容詞形容詞（-able /-ed /-ing ) 2. 名詞名詞形容詞形容詞（名詞（名詞cet，天氣類常加，天氣類常加-y， 或者考或者考-ful/-less等等） 3. 形容詞形容詞比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，副詞比較級(jí)，最高級(jí)，副詞（修飾（修飾adj / verb / sentence），），名詞名詞（情感類常加（情感類常加-ness） （PSPS：填：填名詞名詞時(shí)得注意時(shí)得注意單復(fù)數(shù)單復(fù)數(shù)，以及，以及動(dòng)詞，名詞，動(dòng)詞，名詞， 形容詞形容詞的的否定形式否定形式以及以及派生詞派生詞，具體情況需要，具體情況需要 根據(jù)語(yǔ)

8、境來(lái)判斷。）根據(jù)語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷。） 派生派生詞：詞：即由一個(gè)即由一個(gè)詞根詞根加上加上前綴前綴或或后后 綴綴，構(gòu)成另一個(gè)單詞的構(gòu)詞法。，構(gòu)成另一個(gè)單詞的構(gòu)詞法。 添加在添加在詞根前詞根前面的構(gòu)成部分叫面的構(gòu)成部分叫前綴前綴 （它一般不改變?cè)~的詞性，（它一般不改變?cè)~的詞性，只改變其只改變其 詞義詞義）；）； 添加在添加在詞根后詞根后面的構(gòu)成部分叫面的構(gòu)成部分叫后綴后綴 （它改變了原詞的詞性，有時(shí)可改變其（它改變了原詞的詞性，有時(shí)可改變其 詞義）。詞義）。 前前 綴綴 例例 詞詞 dis- disappear un- unknown in- indirect (常用在常用在adj.后后) im-im

9、possible(用在用在b,p,m 開頭前開頭前) ir- irregular ab- abnormal il- illegal mis-misunderstand non- nonsmoker ( (否定否定) ) ( (不不) ) ( (不不) ) （不）（不） ( (誤誤) ) ( (非非) ) ( (不不, ,非非) ) （不（不) ) （不）（不） 前前 綴綴 例例 詞詞 a-構(gòu)成形容詞構(gòu)成形容詞,副詞副詞asleep, alone, abroad over- oversleep inter- international re-recover en- enrich 過(guò)度過(guò)度 相互相

10、互 再，又再，又 使使 后后 綴綴 例例 詞詞 名 詞 -er;- or;-ee . 者者 employer,actor,employee -ess 女的女的 waitress, hostess -ese . 地方的人地方的人Chinese, Japanese -ian 精通精通的人的人, 地方人地方人 musician, Russian -ist 專業(yè)人員專業(yè)人員 pianist，journalist（詞根：（詞根： 日?qǐng)?bào)，雜志）日?qǐng)?bào)，雜志） -ment 性質(zhì)性質(zhì),狀態(tài)；運(yùn)動(dòng)、狀態(tài)；運(yùn)動(dòng)、 結(jié)果結(jié)果 movement ，argument - ness 性質(zhì)性質(zhì), 狀態(tài)狀態(tài) kindness

11、-tion 表示動(dòng)作表示動(dòng)作,過(guò)程過(guò)程,結(jié)果結(jié)果 suggestion 形容詞后綴形容詞后綴: : - al ; an ; ern; -ble ; ish ; ive; y; -ful ; - less 表示具有表示具有的性質(zhì)的性質(zhì), , 或與或與有關(guān)有關(guān) e.g. practical , American, southern , possible, foolish, native, rainy, helpful，careless 副詞后綴副詞后綴: : - ly 表示方式表示方式, ,程度程度 : freely ，happily - -ward (s) 表示方向表示方向 : westward

12、s 動(dòng)詞后綴動(dòng)詞后綴: : -fy (使使化化) ; -ize (使成為使成為 ) ; en(使使） e.g. satisfy , beautify; realize , symbolize, deepen, lengthen, strengthen 數(shù)詞后綴數(shù)詞后綴: - teen 十 fourteen -ty整十位數(shù) forty -th序數(shù)詞 fifth 無(wú)提示詞類的填空：無(wú)提示詞類的填空： 1. 連詞連詞： 1) 名詞從句名詞從句: that, what, which, how, why, where(that不在從句中充當(dāng)成分) 解題技巧：找解題技巧：找動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞，確定，確定句型句型（復(fù)

13、合句（復(fù)合句/并列句）并列句）， 再確定所再確定所缺成分缺成分。 Eg1 -I wonder _ Mary has kept her figure after all these years. -By taking exercise every day. Eg2 Most of us truly believe _ beauty comes from within. how that 2)2)狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句 時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ):when, while, until等；地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ): :where, wherever;原因狀語(yǔ)原因狀語(yǔ): :because, since等；結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ):

14、:so that, that;目的狀語(yǔ)目的狀語(yǔ): :so that, in case等；條件狀語(yǔ)條件狀語(yǔ): :if, unless, once等；讓步狀語(yǔ)讓步狀語(yǔ): :although, even if / though等；方式狀方式狀 語(yǔ)：語(yǔ)：as, as if / though等。 解題技巧：看解題技巧：看時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)態(tài)，分析句子，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)，根據(jù)句意句意填出連詞。填出連詞。 Eg1 I left the party early because I had an appiontment later that day. My friends walked me to the bus s

15、top and waited with me _ the bus arrived. Eg2 Its so cold that you cant go outside _ youre fully covered in thick clothes. until unless 3) 3) 定語(yǔ)從句定語(yǔ)從句: : 關(guān)系代詞：關(guān)系代詞：who, whom, that, which, as, whose + n. ; 關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when, where, why 解題技巧：先確定解題技巧：先確定先行詞先行詞，然后看句子，然后看句子缺少缺少什么什么 成分成分。 Eg1 Nicks guests, _

16、 had heard their conversation, left his house immediately. Eg2 I will never forget the days _ we worked together. who when 4 4）并列連詞）并列連詞 表并列：表并列：and, neither.nor., both and, not only .but also. 表轉(zhuǎn)折表轉(zhuǎn)折：but, yet, however, while 表選擇表選擇：either.or., or, not but, otherwise； 表因果表因果：for, therefore, so, thus

17、 解題技巧：分析句子解題技巧：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)，根據(jù)句子間句子間的語(yǔ)言的語(yǔ)言邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系推斷出推斷出 合適的并列連詞。合適的并列連詞。 Eg1 He likes pop music, _ Im fond of light music. Eg2 The children can go with us, _ they can stay in. while or 2. 冠詞冠詞 解題技巧：先觀解題技巧：先觀空白前后空白前后的詞的詞, ,再看上下文，再看上下文， 確定用確定用a/ an/ thea/ an/ the。 Eg1 A young man, while traveling thro

18、ugh a desert, came across a spring of clear water. _ water was sweet. Eg2 We are living in _ Information Age. Eg3 Youll get _ second chance in the next exam. The the a 3. 3. 代詞代詞 人稱代詞（主格人稱代詞（主格 賓格）、物主代詞（形容詞性和賓格）、物主代詞（形容詞性和 名詞性）、反身代詞，名詞性）、反身代詞，以及以及不定代詞，不定代詞，如如one, none, another, both,either等。等。 解題技巧：

19、細(xì)讀解題技巧：細(xì)讀句子句子，找出，找出指代關(guān)系指代關(guān)系。 Eg1 The shorttempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help _ rice crop grow up quickly. Eg2 We make _ a rule that we get up at 6:30 every day. his it 4. 4. 介詞介詞 解題技巧：分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)解題技巧：分析句式結(jié)構(gòu)，根據(jù)句意句意使用使用 恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。（固定搭配）恰當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~。（固定搭配） Eg1 The young man went home _ a happ

20、y heart. Eg2 Teachers tell us to take good care _ old people. Eg3 _ a rainy day, the little boy was alone at home with of On 5. 5. 固定搭配固定搭配 考點(diǎn)：固定搭配中的考點(diǎn)：固定搭配中的名詞、介詞、冠詞、名詞、介詞、冠詞、 連詞連詞等。等。 Eg1 It is very important to keep classes in _ . Eg2 Go to the village and buy some salt, but pay a fair price for

21、it: neither too much _ too little. Eg3 As _ result, he is unwilling to talk to strangers. order nor a 6. 6. 過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ) There is no doubt . Why not .? ; Why dont you ? A few years ago I had an expensive bottle of wine _1_(wrap) with a piece of red and green silk, and left _2_ in our post-box as a Chris

22、tmas gift for our letter carrier, Larry. The bottle was gone the next day, _3_ to my surprise and disappointment, Larry never thanked me _4_ the present. I soon brushed it off, _5_(know) Larrys route was long and she would receive too _6_ presents to have sent thank-you notes. That spring _7_ we wer

23、e planning a party, I told my husband that I would go out to buy some wine. He opened _8_ closet door and showed me a bottle with a piece of red and green silk, just the same _9_ the one I had presented to Larry.“_10_dont you use this?” he asked. “Larry left it in our post-box for Christmas.” wrappe

24、d it but for knowing many when as why the Once there lived a rich man 1 wanted to do something for the people of his town. 2 first he wanted to find out whether they deserved(值得) his help. In the centre of the main road into the town, he placed 3 very large stone. Then he 4 (hide ) behind a tree and

25、 waited. Soon an old man came along with his cow. “Who put this stone in the centre of the road?” said the old man, but he did not try to remove the stone. Instead, with some difficulty he passed around the stone and continued on his way. 5 man came along and did the same thing; then another came ,a

26、nd another. All of them complained about the stone but not tried to remove 6 . Late in the afternoon a young man came along. He saw the stone, 7 (say) to himself: “The night 8 (be) very dark. Some neighbors will come along later in the dark and will fall against the stone.” who/that But ahid Another

27、 it saying will be Then he began to move the stone. He pushed and pulled with all his 9 (strong) to move it. How great was his surprise at last! 10 the stone, he found a bag of money. strength Under 語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：法填空專項(xiàng)練習(xí)： 測(cè)評(píng)語(yǔ)法填空組二 P117 Passage 1,2,3 1. 動(dòng)詞形態(tài)變化動(dòng)詞形態(tài)變化 技巧一技巧一 根據(jù)上下文上下文確定時(shí)態(tài)。時(shí)態(tài)。 Eg1 One day, Nick was cooking some dilicious food in the kitchen. Suddenly, he _ (find) that he had run out of salt. 技巧二技巧二 根據(jù)主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)和提示詞提示詞的邏輯關(guān)系邏輯關(guān)系確定語(yǔ)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 Eg2 When Jane got home, her