VB課程設(shè)計(jì)九格游戲

1、vb課程設(shè)計(jì)摘要: 隨著計(jì)算機(jī)的普及和網(wǎng)絡(luò)技術(shù)的飛速發(fā)展，人們的娛樂(lè)生活越來(lái)越豐富，一些小游戲也逐漸成為了人們休閑娛樂(lè)生活的一部分。九格是一種老少皆宜、容易上手的益智類小游戲。本游戲采用visual basic編程語(yǔ)言完成了該程序的編寫(xiě)，實(shí)現(xiàn)了游戲功能。關(guān)鍵詞： visual basic 小游戲 益智 abstract: with the popularity of computer and network technology development, peoples entertainment is more and more rich. some games have gradually

2、 become part of peoples leisure life. nine grid is an all ages, easy to use puzzle game. the game uses visual basic programming language to complete the preparation process to achieve the game features.keywords: visual basic small games puzzle一、程序原理 本游戲采用visual basic 編程語(yǔ)言進(jìn)行游戲編程。visual basic是由美國(guó)微軟公司于

3、1991年開(kāi)發(fā)的一種可視化的、面向?qū)ο蠛筒捎檬录?qū)動(dòng)方式的結(jié)構(gòu)化高級(jí)程序設(shè)計(jì)語(yǔ)言，可用于開(kāi)發(fā) windows 環(huán)境下的各類應(yīng)用程序。它簡(jiǎn)單易學(xué)、效率高，且功能強(qiáng)大可以與 windows 專業(yè)開(kāi)發(fā)工具sdk相媲美。在visual basic環(huán)境下，利用事件驅(qū)動(dòng)的編程機(jī)制、新穎易用的可視化設(shè)計(jì)工具，使用windows內(nèi)部的廣泛應(yīng)用程序接口（api）函數(shù)，動(dòng)態(tài)鏈接庫(kù)（dll）、對(duì)象的鏈接與嵌入（ole）、開(kāi)放式數(shù)據(jù)連接（odbc）等技術(shù)，可以高效、快速地開(kāi)發(fā)windows環(huán)境下功能強(qiáng)大、圖形界面豐富的應(yīng)用軟件系統(tǒng)。 在vb中必須熟知以下vb專用術(shù)語(yǔ)?？丶?jiǎn)單的說(shuō)，控件就是構(gòu)成或者說(shuō)建造visual

4、basic應(yīng)用程序的圖形化工具，包括窗體、按鈕、復(fù)選框、列表框、數(shù)據(jù)控件、表格控件和圖片控件等等.。事件由用戶或操作系統(tǒng)引發(fā)的動(dòng)作。事件的示例有擊鍵、單擊鼠標(biāo)(click)、雙擊鼠標(biāo)(dblclick)、一段時(shí)間的限制，或從端口接收數(shù)據(jù)。方法嵌入在對(duì)象定義中的程序代碼，它定義對(duì)象怎樣處理信息并響應(yīng)某事件。例如，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)對(duì)象有打開(kāi)紀(jì)錄集并從一個(gè)記錄移動(dòng)到另一個(gè)記錄的方法程序的基本元素，它含有定義其特征的屬性，定義其任務(wù)和識(shí)別它可以響應(yīng)的事件的方法?？丶痛绑w是visual basic中所有對(duì)象的示例。對(duì)象一個(gè)控件、窗體等都可被看作一個(gè)對(duì)象。過(guò)程為完成某些特定的任務(wù)而編寫(xiě)的代碼段，過(guò)程通常用于響應(yīng)特

5、定的事件，也可以當(dāng)作應(yīng)用程序的用戶自定義函數(shù)來(lái)使用。屬性屬性是組成用戶界面的各對(duì)象的性質(zhì)的具體描述。例如上述“對(duì)象”中所提到的尺寸、位置、顏色、寬度、高度等等都稱為控件的 屬性。屬性決定對(duì)象的外觀，有時(shí)也決定對(duì)象的行為。對(duì)象的屬性絕大部分是vb中已經(jīng)事先定義好的，但也有的屬性是需要在應(yīng)用 過(guò)程中才去定義的。屬性即可為對(duì)象提供數(shù)據(jù)，也能從對(duì)象取回信息。二、窗體介紹本程序只有一個(gè)窗體。1.當(dāng)程序未運(yùn)行時(shí)圖1窗體中包含：游戲窗口（form）、 游戲提示說(shuō)明（label）、游戲顯示（picture）、 秒數(shù)控制（timer）、時(shí)間顯示（text）游戲說(shuō)明窗口：圖22.當(dāng)程序運(yùn)行時(shí)在游戲選項(xiàng)中，包含開(kāi)始

6、游戲、游戲模式、退出游戲三種選擇。在游戲模式中選擇人機(jī)游戲則如圖所示：圖2這時(shí)游戲者自動(dòng)選擇的是x，電腦選擇的是0。在限時(shí)5秒內(nèi)進(jìn)行游戲，否則電腦勝利。下圖是游戲者勝利時(shí)的窗體顯示。圖33.在游戲模式中選擇雙人游戲，可以兩個(gè)人一起玩。在5秒內(nèi)誰(shuí)先排成一條直線，則誰(shuí)勝利。若兩個(gè)人都沒(méi)有排成一條直線，則平局。圖4三、程序調(diào)試源代碼寫(xiě)完后，對(duì)程序進(jìn)行調(diào)試運(yùn)行，要求變量聲明，對(duì)可能出現(xiàn)的幾種錯(cuò)誤，如：編輯時(shí)錯(cuò)誤、編譯時(shí)錯(cuò)誤、運(yùn)行時(shí)錯(cuò)誤、邏輯錯(cuò)誤，進(jìn)行修改，調(diào)試，運(yùn)行，直至程序能正常運(yùn)行。但是在一些細(xì)節(jié)方面仍然需要完善，比如在游戲中可以加入一些聲音的提示，在游戲完成和失敗的時(shí)候可以彈出一些小的flash

7、動(dòng)畫(huà)等等?？偟膩?lái)說(shuō)本次設(shè)計(jì)在功能上已經(jīng)基本達(dá)到要求，其他細(xì)節(jié)方面有待以后完善。四、收獲體會(huì)visual basic 語(yǔ)言是以結(jié)構(gòu)化basic語(yǔ)言為基礎(chǔ)，以事件驅(qū)動(dòng)為運(yùn)行機(jī)制。它的誕生標(biāo)志著元件設(shè)計(jì)和開(kāi)發(fā)的新時(shí)代的開(kāi)始。vb具有面向?qū)ο罂梢暬O(shè)計(jì)工具，是事件驅(qū)動(dòng)的編程機(jī)制，同時(shí)也提供了易學(xué)易用的應(yīng)用程序集成開(kāi)發(fā)環(huán)境。從visual basic 語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)到編程，當(dāng)時(shí)很想自己能夠熟練的進(jìn)行程序編輯，工程上的軟件編輯。隨著visual basic 語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)才逐漸發(fā)現(xiàn)這理想想要實(shí)現(xiàn)的難度。對(duì)我而言學(xué)習(xí)編程，不僅能夠幫自己解決在生活中可能遇到的一些問(wèn)題；自己設(shè)計(jì)一些小游戲還可以給自己帶來(lái)一些樂(lè)趣。同時(shí)

8、也為自己在尋找理想工作添加重要的砝碼。所以，我覺(jué)得在學(xué)習(xí)vb是我們要明確學(xué)習(xí)的目的。另外我覺(jué)得個(gè)人的數(shù)學(xué)基礎(chǔ)，思維邏輯能力對(duì)vb的學(xué)習(xí)有著至關(guān)重要的影響。而在學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程中最重要的就是理解，正如老師在課上經(jīng)常對(duì)我們所講的，不要始終照搬書(shū)上已有的代碼，要學(xué)會(huì)理解、掌握編程的思想與方法，這樣才能融會(huì)貫通，只有在理解方法的基礎(chǔ)上學(xué)習(xí)才是最有效的學(xué)習(xí)。visual basic 語(yǔ)言的學(xué)習(xí)要多實(shí)踐，多交流。掌握編程方法必須在編程實(shí)際工作中去實(shí)踐和體會(huì)。在學(xué)習(xí)初期要經(jīng)常自己動(dòng)手設(shè)計(jì)程序，不要拘泥于固定的思維方式，遇到問(wèn)題要多想幾種解決方案。而這也要求與同學(xué)多多的交流，畢竟每個(gè)人的思維方法不同，角度各異。通過(guò)

9、交流可以不斷的吸收他人的長(zhǎng)處，豐富編程實(shí)踐，從而提高自己的水平。親自動(dòng)手實(shí)踐試創(chuàng)造性思維應(yīng)用的體現(xiàn)，也是培養(yǎng)邏輯思維的好方法。五、致謝在這次完成vb課程設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程中，我深刻意識(shí)到vb在實(shí)際應(yīng)用中的重要性。感謝老師在這一學(xué)期辛勤教導(dǎo)。老師在課堂上認(rèn)真詳細(xì)的講解使我對(duì)vb有非常深刻的理解。通過(guò)這一學(xué)期的學(xué)習(xí)及這次vb課程設(shè)計(jì)，我基本掌握了vb知識(shí)。感謝同學(xué)還有朋友給了我很大的幫助，沒(méi)有他們的幫助，我也不能很順利完成這次論文，在此對(duì)他們給予我最真心的感謝！這次的課程設(shè)計(jì)對(duì)我的學(xué)習(xí)有很大的提高，使我在今后找工作中又有了一個(gè)有力砝碼。六、參考文獻(xiàn)1劉炳文.精通visual basic 6.0中文版.北京

10、：電子工業(yè)出版社，1999年7月2田文勝，劉陽(yáng)，學(xué)勤. visual basic編程指南.北京：清華大學(xué)出版社，2003年2月3王祖衛(wèi)，李偉.visual basic 程序設(shè)計(jì).天津：南開(kāi)大學(xué)出版社，2004年4牛又奇,孫建國(guó).新編visual basic程序設(shè)計(jì)教程.蘇州：蘇州大學(xué)出版社，2004年1月5 范曉平編著.visual basic 6.0軟件開(kāi)發(fā)項(xiàng)目實(shí)訓(xùn). 北京：海洋出版社.20026 唐兵、李桂花等編著.visual basic中文版程序設(shè)計(jì)教程.北京：機(jī)械工業(yè)出版社7 松橋工作室編著.深入淺出visual basic 6.0程序設(shè)計(jì).北京：中國(guó)鐵道出版社附錄：源程序代碼dim

11、 topleft as integerdim topmiddle as integerdim topright as integerdim midleft as integerdim center as integerdim midright as integerdim bottomleft as integerdim bottommiddle as integerdim bottomright as integerdim xscore as integerx贏的次數(shù)dim oscore as integero贏的次數(shù)dim draw as integer平局次數(shù)dim turntime as

12、 single游戲時(shí)間dim maxtime as single游戲允許的最大時(shí)間dim oneplayer as boolean單人模式則為truedim xturn as boolean如果xs為ture則為truedim gameover as boolean如果游戲結(jié)束則為true，除非某一方贏。private sub mnuexit_click()退出游戲 endend subprivate sub mnunewgame_click() if val(txttimelimit.text) 0 then maxtime = val(txttimelimit.text) else txt

13、timelimit.text = maxtime end if pic1.cls pic2.cls pic3.cls pic4.cls pic5.cls pic6.cls pic7.cls pic8.cls pic9.cls topleft = 0 topmiddle = 0 topright = 0 midleft = 0 center = 0 midright = 0 bottomleft = 0 bottommiddle = 0 bottomright = 0 xturn = true gameover = false lblmesg = x下子 pic1.fontsize = 8 pi

14、c2.fontsize = 8 pic3.fontsize = 8 pic4.fontsize = 8 pic5.fontsize = 8 pic6.fontsize = 8 pic7.fontsize = 8 pic8.fontsize = 8 pic9.fontsize = 8 tmrtimer.enabled = true turntime = 0 dim i as integer for i = 1 to 9 taken(i) = false next iend subprivate sub form_load() randomize topleft = 0 topmiddle = 0

15、 topright = 0 midleft = 0 center = 0 midright = 0 bottomleft = 0 bottommiddle = 0 bottomright = 0 xturn = true gameover = true lblmesg = 開(kāi)始新游戲 lblplayers.caption = 人機(jī)游戲 oneplayer = true txttimelimit.text = 5 maxtime = val(txttimelimit.text) turntime = 0 xscore = 0 oscore = 0 draw = 0 lblx.caption =

16、x贏: + str(xscore) lblo.caption = o贏: + str(oscore) lbldraw.caption = 平局: + str(draw) dim i as integer for i = 1 to 9 taken(i) = false next iend subprivate sub pic1_click() if not gameover then if topleft = 0 then taken(1) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic1.print ; pic1.fontsize = 36 pic1.print x

17、 xturn = false topleft = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic1.print ; pic1.fontsize = 36 pic1.print o xturn = true topleft = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic2_click() if not gameover

18、then if topmiddle = 0 then taken(2) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic2.print ; pic2.fontsize = 36 pic2.print x xturn = false topmiddle = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic2.print ; pic2.fontsize = 36 pic2.print o xturn = true t

19、opmiddle = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic3_click() if not gameover then if topright = 0 then taken(3) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic3.print ; pic3.fontsize = 36 pic3.print x xturn = false topright = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if n

20、ot gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic3.print ; pic3.fontsize = 36 pic3.print o xturn = true topright = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic4_click() if not gameover then if midleft = 0 then taken(4) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then

21、 pic4.print ; pic4.fontsize = 36 pic4.print x xturn = false midleft = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic4.print ; pic4.fontsize = 36 pic4.print o xturn = true midleft = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend

22、 subprivate sub pic5_click() if not gameover then if center = 0 then taken(5) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic5.print ; pic5.fontsize = 36 pic5.print x xturn = false center = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic5.print ; pic5.fo

23、ntsize = 36 pic5.print o xturn = true center = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic6_click() if not gameover then if midright = 0 then taken(6) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic6.print ; pic6.fontsize = 36 pic6.print x xturn = false midright = 1 if no

24、t ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic6.print ; pic6.fontsize = 36 pic6.print o xturn = true midright = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic7_click() if not gameover then if bottomleft = 0 then tak

25、en(7) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic7.print ; pic7.fontsize = 36 pic7.print x xturn = false bottomleft = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic7.print ; pic7.fontsize = 36 pic7.print o xturn = true bottomleft = 2 if not ttt then

26、 lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic8_click() if not gameover then if bottommiddle = 0 then taken(8) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic8.print ; pic8.fontsize = 36 pic8.print x xturn = false bottommiddle = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and onep

27、layer then call compplay end if else pic8.print ; pic8.fontsize = 36 pic8.print o xturn = true bottommiddle = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend subprivate sub pic9_click() if not gameover then if bottomright = 0 then taken(9) = true turntime = 0 if xturn then pic9.print

28、; pic9.fontsize = 36 pic9.print x xturn = false bottomright = 1 if not ttt then lblmesg = o下子 end if if not gameover and oneplayer then call compplay end if else pic9.print ; pic9.fontsize = 36 pic9.print o xturn = true bottomright = 2 if not ttt then lblmesg = x下子 end if end if end if end ifend sub

29、private function ttt() as boolean if topleft = 1 _ and topmiddle = 1 _ and topright = 1 _ or midleft = 1 _ and center = 1 _ and midright = 1 _ or bottomleft = 1 _ and bottommiddle = 1 _ and bottomright = 1 _ or topleft = 1 _ and midleft = 1 _ and bottomleft = 1 _ or topmiddle = 1 _ and center = 1 _

30、and bottommiddle = 1 _ or topright = 1 _ and midright = 1 _ and bottomright = 1 _ or topleft = 1 _ and center = 1 _ and bottomright = 1 _ or topright = 1 _ and center = 1 _ and bottomleft = 1 then gameover = true xscore = xscore + 1 lblx.caption = x贏: + str(xscore) lblmesg.caption = x贏! elseif tople

31、ft = 2 _ and topmiddle = 2 _ and topright = 2 _ or midleft = 2 _ and center = 2 _ and midright = 2 _ or bottomleft = 2 _ and bottommiddle = 2 _ and bottomright = 2 _ or topleft = 2 _ and midleft = 2 _ and bottomleft = 2 _ or topmiddle = 2 _ and center = 2 _ and bottommiddle = 2 _ or topright = 2 _ a

32、nd midright = 2 _ and bottomright = 2 _ or topleft = 2 _ and center = 2 _ and bottomright = 2 _ or topright = 2 _ and center = 2 _ and bottomleft = 2 then gameover = true oscore = oscore + 1 lblo.caption = o贏: + str(oscore) lblmesg.caption = o贏! elseif allfull then gameover = true lblmesg.caption =

33、平局! draw = draw + 1 lbldraw.caption = 平局: + str(draw) end if ttt = gameoverend functionprivate function allfull() as boolean if topleft = 0 _ or topmiddle = 0 _ or topright = 0 _ or midleft = 0 _ or center = 0 _ or midright = 0 _ or bottomleft = 0 _ or bottommiddle = 0 _ or bottomright = 0 then allf

34、ull = false else allfull = true end ifend functionprivate sub compplay() select case compwinposition case 1 call pic1_click case 2 call pic2_click case 3 call pic3_click case 4 call pic4_click case 5 call pic5_click case 6 call pic6_click case 7 call pic7_click case 8 call pic8_click case 9 call pic

35、9_click case 0 如果平局 dim choice as integer do choice = int(rnd * 9) + 1 loop until not taken(choice) select case choice case 1 call pic1_click case 2 call pic2_click case 3 call pic3_click case 4 call pic4_click case 5 call pic5_click case 6 call pic6_click case 7 call pic7_click case 8 call pic8_cli

36、ck case 9 call pic9_click end select end select xturn = true if not gameover then lblmesg.caption = x下子 end ifend subprivate sub tmrtimer_timer() if not gameover then lbltime.caption = time: + formatnumber(turntime, 1) turntime = turntime + 0.1 end if if turntime = maxtime then lbltime.caption = tim

37、e: + formatnumber(maxtime, 1) gameover = true tmrtimer.enabled = false if xturn then oscore = oscore + 1 lblo.caption = o贏: + str(oscore) lblmesg.caption = o贏! else xscore = score + 1 lblx.caption = x贏: + str(xscore) lblmesg.caption = x贏! end if end ifend subprivate function compwinposition() as int

38、eger if topleft = 0 and (topmiddle = 2 _ and topright = 2 _ or center = 2 _ and bottomright = 2 _ or midleft = 2 _ and bottomleft = 2) then compwinposition = 1 elseif topmiddle = 0 _ and (topleft = 2 _ and topright = 2 _ or center = 2 _ and bottommiddle = 2) then compwinposition = 2 elseif topright

39、= 0 _ and (topleft = 2 _ and topmiddle = 2 _ or bottomleft = 2 _ and center = 2 _ or midright = 2 _ and bottomright = 2) then compwinposition = 3 elseif midleft = 0 _ and (topleft = 2 _ and bottomleft = 2 _ or center = 2 _ and midright = 2) then compwinposition = 4 elseif center = 0 _ and (topleft =

40、 2 _ and bottomright = 2 _ or bottomleft = 2 _ and topright = 2 _ or topmiddle = 2 _ and bottommiddle = 2 _ or midleft = 2 _ and midright = 2) then compwinposition = 5 elseif midright = 0 _ and (topright = 2 _ and bottomright = 2 _ or midleft = 2 _ and center = 2) then compwinposition = 6 elseif bot

41、tomleft = 0 _ and (topleft = 2 _ and midleft = 2 _ or center = 2 _ and topright = 2 _ or bottommiddle = 2 _ and bottomright = 2) then compwinposition = 7 elseif bottommiddle = 0 _ and (topmiddle = 2 _ and center = 2 _ or bottomleft = 2 _ and bottomright = 2) then compwinposition = 8 elseif bottomright = 0 _ and (topleft = 2 _ and center = 2 _ or topright = 2 _ and midright = 2 _ or bottomleft = 2 _ and bottommiddle = 2) then compwinposition = 9 else compwinposition = xwinposition end ifend functionprivate func