采購專業(yè)英文術語

1、百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我1釆購專業(yè)英文術語第一部分：custom made:需指定制造的產(chǎn)品first priority:最高的優(yōu)先級別PPR( Premium price request):高于標準價格采購請求RFQ(request for quote):報價請求，詢盤ESI(Early supplier involvement):供應商早期介入cost modeling：成本模型STD price:標準價格Stock-out cost:缺貨成本awarded supplier:指定供應商escalate to higher level:提交上級處理cut hard order:手動卜

2、訂單customer demand pull-ln:客戶需求提前或增加Distributor：分銷商：Manufacturing：廠商；Broker：經(jīng)紀商。(緊急情況卜啟用，價格較 高。)EAU (Estimated annual usage):預估每年需求量line down:停產(chǎn)APQP(advanced product quality planning):指產(chǎn)品在量產(chǎn)前對如何實現(xiàn)產(chǎn)品以及如何進行質 量控制看展的策劃活動。PPAP(production part approval process)：生產(chǎn)件批準程序，是指第一次生產(chǎn)樣件時向客戸提 交一系列文件記錄清單，如樣品檢測報告，F(xiàn)ME

3、A,工藝流程圖，控制計劃，圖紙等等，要提 交的資料根據(jù)客戶要求進行，提交后客戶將確認0K后方可進行試生產(chǎn)階段。EOQ(economic ordering quantity):經(jīng)濟訂購數(shù)星EOQ二(A:單位時間凈需求S:每次訂購費用 U:商品單位成本C:儲存成本)EDI(electronic data interchange):電子數(shù)據(jù)交換。第二部分：1. R&D (research and design)研發(fā)2. APS (automated purchasing system)自動采購系統(tǒng)3. CAD computer automated design)計算機輔助設計4. ERP (ente

4、rprise resource planning)企業(yè)資源汁劃5. ANX (automotive network exchange)自動網(wǎng)絡交換6. CPO (chief procurement officers)采購總監(jiān)7. CPE (collaborative planning and execution)合作計劃和執(zhí)行8. TCA (total cost of acquisition)總獲取成本 或 TCO Ownership9. CPFR (collaborative,planning/orecastingeplenishment)合作，計劃,預測,補充10. SCM (supply

5、 chain management)供應鏈管理11. VMI (vendor managed inventory)賣方管理庫存12. VMR (vendor managed replenishment)賣方管理補貨13. SCOR (supply chain operations reference)供應鏈管理指南百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我214. LEW (least ex works)最小離岸價15. MOM (markup over coat model)成本變動16. 3PL (third party logistics)第三方后勤服務17. MRP (material requi

6、rements planning)物料需求訃劃18. CIO (computer information officers)信息主管19. PDCA (plan-do-check action cycle)計劃實施檢査循環(huán)第三部分：1 分析庫存庫存盤點：Inventory analysis-Create physical inventory document2做采購申請;Create purchase requisition3批準采購申請：Approve purchase requisition4做采購訂單：Create purchase order5創(chuàng)建貨源清單，詢價報價確認供應商：Crea

7、te source list, enquire-quotation-choose supplier6做合同：Create contract7收貨驗貨發(fā)貨 Goods receipt-goods inspection-goods issue8催，校驗；Push suppliers invoice, invoice verify9付款： Arrange payment10.整理資料，存檔。第四部分：CIF (costjnsurance&freight)成本、保險加運費價CFR(cost and freight)成本加運費價T/T(telegraphic transfer)電刃:D/P(docume

8、nt against payment)付款交單D/A (document against acceptance)承兌交單(certificate of origin)一般原產(chǎn)地證EMS (express mail special)特快傳遞system of preferences) ?惠制CTN/CTNS(carton/carto ns)紙箱PCE/PCS(piece/pieces)只、個、支等DL/DLS(dollar/dollars)美元DOZ/DZ(dozen)一打PKG(package)一包，一捆,一扎，一件等WT(weight)重量.(gross weight)毛重.(net wei

9、ght)凈重C/D (customs declaration)報關單EA(each)每個，各W (with)具有w/o(without)沒有FAC(facsimile)傳真IMP(import)進【1EXP (export)岀口MAX (maximum)最大的、最大限度的MIN (minimum)最小的，最低限度百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我3M或MED (medium)中等,中級的M/V (merchant vessel)商船(steamship)船運MT 或 M/T(metric ton)公噸DOC (document)文件、單據(jù)INT (international)國際的P/L (pac

10、king list)裝箱單、明細表INV (invoice)*PCT (percent)百分比REF (reference)參考.査價STL.(style)式樣、款式、類型T 或 LTX 或 TX(telex)電傳S/M (shipping marks)裝船標記PR 或 PRC(price)價格PUR (purchase)購買、購貨S/C (sales contract)銷售確認書L/C (letter of credit)信用證B/L (bill of lading)提單FOB (free on board)離岸價一.FOBFREE ON BOARD(*-named port of ship

11、ment)-裝運港船上交貨(指宦裝運港)是指賣方必 須在合同規(guī)定的裝運期內在指龍裝運港將貨物交至買方指定的船上，并負擔貨物越過船舷為 止的一切費用和貨物滅失或損壞的風險。FOB術語也就是我們通常所說的離岸價格”。二、CIFCOSTJNSURANCE AND FREIGHT(named port of destination)-成本加保險費、運費(指定 目的港)是指賣方必須在合同規(guī)泄的裝運期內在裝運港將貨物交至運往指左目的港的船上， 負擔貨物越過船舷為止的一切費用和貨物火失或損壞的風險，并負責辦理貨運保險，支付保 險費，以及負責租船或訂艙，支付從裝運港到目的港的運費。三、CFRCOST AND

12、FREIGHT named port of destination)成本加運費(指泄目的港)是指賣方 必須在合同規(guī)宦的裝運期內，在裝運港將貨物交至運往指泄目的港的船上，負擔貨物越過船舷 為止的一切費用和貨物火失或損壞的風險，并負責租船或訂艙，支付抵達目的港的正常運費。 按照1990年通則四、FCA百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我4FREE CARRIER”named place)-貨交承運人(指定地)是指賣方必須在合同規(guī)宦的交貨 期內在指立地或地點將經(jīng)出口淸關的貨物交給買方指左的承運人監(jiān)管，并負擔貨物被交由承 運人監(jiān)管為止的一切費用和貨物火失或損壞的風險。買方必須自負費用訂立從指左地或地點 發(fā)運

13、貨物的運輸合同，并將有關承運人的名稱、要求交貨的時間和地點，充分地通知賣方;負擔貨交承運人后的一切費用和風險;負責按合冋規(guī)泄收取貨物和支付價款FCA術語適用于各種運輸方式，特別是集裝箱運輸和多式運輸。五、CPTCARRIAGE PAID TO(-*named place of destination)-運費付至(指定目的地)是指賣方支付 貨物運至指定目的地的運費。在貨物被交由承運人保管時，貨物火失或損壞的風險，以及由 于在貨物交給承運人后發(fā)生的事件而引起的額外費用，即從賣方轉移至買方。六. CIPCARRIAGE AND INSURANCE PAID TO-named place of des

14、tination)運費、彳呆險費彳寸至(一 指定目的地)是指賣方除了須承擔在CPT術語下同樣的義務外，還須對貨物在運輸途中火失 或損壞的買方風險取得貨物保險，訂立保險合同，并支付保險費。ABC Classification ABC 分類法Activity-Based Costing業(yè)務量成本法/作業(yè)成本法ACRS (Accelerated cost recovery system)快速成本回收制度Action Message行為/措施信息AIS (Accounting information system)會計信息系統(tǒng)Allocation已分配量Anticipated Delay Report

15、 拖期預報A/P (Accounts Payable)應付帳款APICS (American Production &Inventory Control Society)美國生產(chǎn)及庫存控制協(xié)會AQL (Acceptable quality Level)可接受質雖:水平A/R (Accounts Receivable)應收帳款Automatic Rescheduling 自動重排產(chǎn)Available To Promise (APT)可簽約量Backflush倒沖法Backlog未完成訂單/未結訂單Back Scheduling 倒序排產(chǎn)BE analysis (Break-even analys

16、is)盈虧臨界點分析，保本分析Bill of Material (BOM)物料淸單Business Plan經(jīng)營規(guī)劃B/V (Book value)帳面價值Capacity Requirements Planning (CRP)能力需求計劃CBA (Cost-benefit analysis)成本效益分析CEO首席執(zhí)行官CFO (Chief Financial Officer)財務總裁百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我5Closed Loop MRP閉環(huán)物料需求計劃CPM (Critical path method)關鍵路線法CPP accounting (Constant purchasing

17、power accounting)不變購買力會計Cumulative Lead Time 累計提前期C&F(cost&freight)成本加運費價T/T(telegraphic transfer)電匯D/P(document against payment)付款交單D/A (document against acceptance)承兌交單(certificate of origin)一般原產(chǎn)地ilECycle Counting 周期盤點Demand需求Demand Management 需求管理Demonstrated Capacity 實際能力Dependent Demand 非“需求DFL

18、 (Degree of financial leverage)財務杠桿系數(shù)Direct-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 直接增減庫存法Dispatch List 派工單DOL (Degree of operating leverage)經(jīng)營杠桿系數(shù)ELS (Economic lot size)經(jīng)濟批量EOQ (Economic order quantity)經(jīng)濟訂貨批量&nbs;FIFO (Fist-iFist-out)先進先岀法Firm Planned Order確認汁劃訂單FISH/LIFO (Fist-in.Still-here)后進先出法

19、Fixed Order Quantity固宦訂貨批量法Flow Shop流水車間Focus Forecasting 集中預測Full Pegging完全跟蹤Generally Accepted Manufacturing Practices 公認生產(chǎn)管理原則Independent Demand 需求Inpu/Output Control 投入/產(chǎn)出控制Interplant Demand 廠際需求Inventory Turnover庫存周轉次數(shù)Item物料項目Item Record項目記錄Job Shop加工車間Just-in-time (JIT)準時制生產(chǎn)Lead Time提前期前苣期，指訂單

20、從收到具體明細到貨到貨倉收到落貨紙這一段時間, 可以用評估工廠的綜合實力。Level層Load負荷Lot for Lot按需訂貨法LP (Linear programming)線性規(guī)劃百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我6Machine Loading 機器加載Make-to-order Product (MTO)而向訂單生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品Make-to-stock Product (MTS)而向庫存生產(chǎn)產(chǎn)品Manufacturing Resource Planning (MRP II)制造資源計劃Master Production Schedule (MPS)主生產(chǎn)計劃Material Requireme

21、nts Planning (MRP)物料需求計劃MBO (Management by objective)目標管理Net Change MRP凈改變式物料需求計劃Net Requirements 凈需求Oliver Wight MRP-II理論的創(chuàng)始人On-hand Balance現(xiàn)在庫存量Open Order未結訂單/開放訂單Order Entry訂單輸入Order Promising 訂貨承諾Pegging 反查Picking領料/提貨Picking List 領料單Planned Order計劃訂單Post-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing

22、(Backflush)后減庫存處理法/倒沖法Pre-deduct Inventory Transaction Processing 前減庫存處理法Production Planning生產(chǎn)規(guī)劃編制Projected Available Balance 預計可用庫存Gueue隊列Gueue Time排隊時間Regeneration MRP重生成式物料需求計劃Rescheduling Assumption 重排假設Resource Requirement Planning 資源需求il劃Rough-cut Capacity Planning 粗能力計戈ljRouting工藝路線Safety Sto

23、ck安全庫存Safety Time 保險期Scheduled Receipt 預計入庫量Scrap Factor殘料率/廢品系數(shù)Service Parts 維修件Shop Floor Control車間作業(yè)管理Shrinkage Factor 損耗系數(shù)Time Bucket 時間段Tie Fence 時界VE (value engineering)價值工程Vendor Scheduling 采購計劃法Work Center 12作中心Work in Process (WIP)在制品百度文庫讓每個人平等地捉升口我7ZBB (Zero based Budgeting)零基預算Zero Invent

24、ories 零庫存Accounting Clerk 一記帳員；Accounting Supervisor-會計主管;Administration Manager行政經(jīng)理；Supervisor 監(jiān)管員；Bond Analyst -i正券分析員；Fund Manager-財務經(jīng)理；Assistant Manager -副經(jīng)理； payment支付，付款 to pay付款，支付，償還 dishonour 拒付 deferred payment 延期付款 progressive payment 分期付款payment on terms 泄期付款 payment agreement 支付協(xié)上 pay o

25、rder支付憑證 payment order付款通知 payment by banker 銀行支付 payment by remittanee 匯撥支付 payment in part 部分付款 payment in full 全部付訖 clean payment單純支付 simple payment 單純支付 payment by installment 分期付款 payment respite 延期付款 payment at maturity 到期付款 payment in advance 預付（貨款） Cash With Order隨訂單付現(xiàn) Cash On Delivery 交貨付現(xiàn) discount 貼現(xiàn) draft匯票 Promisory Note 本票 cheque支票 clean bill 光票 documentary bill 跟單匯票 Sight Bill即期匯票 Time Bill遠期匯票 Usance Bill遠期匯票 Commercial Bill 商業(yè)匯票 Banker,ms Bill 銀行匯票 Transferable L/C可轉讓信用證 Untransferable L/C不可轉讓信用證 Revolving L/C循環(huán)信用證 Reciprocal L/C對開信用證 Back to Back L/C背對背信用證 Counterv