定語從句關(guān)系代詞

1、Lynn1.基本概念基本概念npretty girl the girl who is prettyn有完整的主謂結(jié)構(gòu)n先行詞：被定從所修飾的對象n關(guān)系代詞：在定從中充當一定成分充當一定成分的連連接詞接詞neg. I dont like people who never keep their word.EXERCISE 1nFriendship is a very difficult thing. It is hard to handle. it creates different problems. In fact I would say that friendship is as hard

2、to handle as love is, or even marriage. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. Im talking about friends who care deeply about each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. Im talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.2.關(guān)系詞在定從中充當?shù)某煞株P(guān)系詞在定從

3、中充當?shù)某煞謓2.1 用作從句的主語n2.2 用作從句中動詞的賓語n2.3 用作從句中介詞的賓語n2.4 做賓語的關(guān)系詞可以省去2.1 用作從句的主語用作從句的主語nThe woman is a famous singer and she lives next door.nThe woman who lives next door is a famous singer .nI like guys and they have a good sense of humor.nI like guys who have a good sense of humor.TIPSn1. 用關(guān)系詞who替代人稱代

4、詞(she/they)后，定語從句中不能再保留這些代詞;n2. 只關(guān)注關(guān)系詞在定從中所充當?shù)某煞郑魂P(guān)心定從修飾主句的哪個名詞；n3. 主謂一致，即由先行詞決定。peg. Anger is a thief who steals away the nice moment.pThe world is a book, and those who do not travel read only one page.pA rich person is not one who has the most, but is one who needs the least.2.2 用作從句中動詞的賓語用作從句中動

5、詞的賓語nId really like to find a friend and I can trust him completely.nId really like to find a friend who I can trust completely.nHe is the student who the teacher likes to praise.2.3 用作從句中介詞的賓語用作從句中介詞的賓語nIm talking about friends and you can share almost everything with them.nIm talking about friends

6、 who you can share almost everything with.nId prefer someone who I have something in common with - who I can talk to easily.nI hope I never have a boss who I cant talk to about my problems.2.4 做賓語的關(guān)系詞可以省去做賓語的關(guān)系詞可以省去nId really like to find a friend (who) I can trust completely.nIm talking about frien

7、ds (who) you can share almost everything with.nI hope I never have a boss (who) I cant talk to about my problems.3.關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的搭配關(guān)系代詞與先行詞的搭配n3.1先行詞指“人”，用關(guān)系代詞who/whomn3.2表示人或物的所有關(guān)系，用whosen3.3先行詞指“物”，用關(guān)系代詞whichn3.4 that可以指代人和物who, whom先行詞只能指“人”which先行詞只能指“物”that, whose先行詞可以指“人、物”3.1 先行詞指先行詞指“人人”，用關(guān)系代詞，用關(guān)

8、系代詞who/whomnFriendship is a very difficult thing. It is hard to handle. it creates different problems. In fact I would say that friendship is as hard to handle as love is, or even marriage. Of course I am not talking about easy-come-easy-go friendship. Im talking about friends who care deeply about

9、each other, who support each other, who make life worth living. Im talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.who和和whom的區(qū)別的區(qū)別n1）who的前面不能有介詞pIm talking about friends who you can share almost everything with.pIm talking about friends with who you can share almost everything.pIm tal

10、king about friends with whom you can share almost everything.n2）whom在定從中不能做主語，但可以做賓語或表語pA rich person is not one who has the most, but is one who needs the least.pOnly the people who have the patience to do simple things perfectly will acquire the skill to do difficult things easily.nwho可以做主語，也可以替代可

11、以做主語，也可以替代whom做賓做賓語或表演，但不能放在介詞后面。語或表演，但不能放在介詞后面。3.2表示人或物的所有關(guān)系，用表示人或物的所有關(guān)系，用whosen“whose+n.”在從句中可做主語、動詞或介詞的賓語pI know a friend. His brother is a pop singer. I know a friend whose brother is a pop singer.pThese kids sit in a classroom. Its windows are all broken. These kids sit in a classroom whose win

12、dows are all broken.nWhen I looked through the window, I saw a girl whose beauty took my breath away.nIt was a meeting whose importance I did not realize at the time.nMy father is the man on whose shoulder my family rests.3.3先行詞指先行詞指“物物”，用關(guān)系代詞，用關(guān)系代詞whichn和who基本一致，只不過先行詞是“物”nWe are studying sentences

13、. They contain adjective clauses.nWe are studying sentences which contain adjective clauses.先行詞是單個名詞先行詞是單個名詞nPerhaps it is human to appreciate little that which we have and to long for which we have not.n或許，“不惜已獲，貪求不得”是人類共同的弱點吧。先行詞是一個短語先行詞是一個短語nHe likes climbing mountains, which is a good exercise.先

14、行詞是一個句子先行詞是一個句子nTom was late. That surprised me. Tom was late, which surprised me.nHe tore up my photo, which upset me.nI became a single mother overnight, which is nothing like becoming famous overnight.3.4 that可以指代人和物可以指代人和物n1）that可以指代人和物，指“物”時可以替換which，指人是可以替換who；n2）不用在非限制性定語從句中n3）不能用于介詞的后面（同who）

15、nToo many people spend money which they havent earned, to buy things which they dont want, to impressive people who they dont like.-Will Smith1.當先行詞中同時出現(xiàn)人和物時當先行詞中同時出現(xiàn)人和物時,用用thatnThe writer and his novels that the article deals with are quite familiar to us.2.先行詞為指物的先行詞為指物的all, little, few, much, non

16、e時，用時，用thatnAll that giltters is not gold.- Shakespeare nThe book contains little that is useful.nThere is not much that can be done.nAs long as you stand up to the difficulties, there are none that cannot be overcome.3.先行詞是不定代詞先行詞是不定代詞something, anything, nothing 和和everything時，一般用時，一般用thatnGreater

17、expense does not always equal better gift. I would much rather receive a gift that was unique or that I knew my friend had put some thought into than something that cost a lot of money but that I didnt need or want. I would much rather receive something that made me laugh, made me reminisce, or fit

18、my personality than something that cost a lot but that I will just throw in my closet and forget about.4.先行詞被先行詞被any, only, every, no, some, 序數(shù)序數(shù)詞，形容詞最高級，詞，形容詞最高級，the only, the one, the very, the right, the last等修飾時，用等修飾時，用thatnThere is no difficulty that they cant overcome.nThe only thing that we should do is find our way home.nThe very question that I want to ask is just like hers.5. that不用在非限制性定從中不用在非限制性定從中nI became a single mo