語法2主謂一致

1、The writer and teacher Smith has gone through millions of ups and downs since he moved to Sydney.既是作家又是教師的史密斯自從搬到悉尼經(jīng)歷了無既是作家又是教師的史密斯自從搬到悉尼經(jīng)歷了無數(shù)的成敗。數(shù)的成敗。To go to bed early and to rise early is a good habit.早睡早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。早睡早起是一個(gè)好習(xí)慣。(2)“no/each/every/many a，more than a 單數(shù)單數(shù)名詞名詞andno/each/every/many a,more

2、than a單數(shù)名詞單數(shù)名詞”作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。作主語，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。Every man and every woman has a good reason to be proud of the work done by their fathers.每每一個(gè)人都很有理由為他們的父親所從事的職業(yè)感到一個(gè)人都很有理由為他們的父親所從事的職業(yè)感到驕傲。驕傲。Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education.每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有接受教育的權(quán)利。每個(gè)男孩和女孩都有接受教育的權(quán)利。Every desk and every chai

3、r are/is made of wood. 5倒裝句中謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面的主語一致。倒裝句中謂語動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與后面的主語一致。On the wall were famous paintings.掛在墻上的是著名畫作。掛在墻上的是著名畫作。Look！Here comes the bus.看！過來一輛公共汽車。看！過來一輛公共汽車。6each，either，neither或由或由some，any，no，every構(gòu)成的合成代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。構(gòu)成的合成代詞作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。none作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)皆可。作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單復(fù)數(shù)皆可。Each of us has read t

4、he book.我們每個(gè)人都讀過這本書。我們每個(gè)人都讀過這本書。Nobody wants to go there.沒有人想去那兒。沒有人想去那兒。None knows/know a great deal about the experiment.關(guān)于這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)沒人知道很多。關(guān)于這個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)沒人知道很多。注意注意一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞如：一些只有復(fù)數(shù)形式的名詞如：clothes，scissors，trousers，shorts，glasses,people，cattle，police等作主語時(shí)等作主語時(shí),謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。7. 定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式取決于其先行定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式取決

5、于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。One of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)引導(dǎo)定語從名詞復(fù)數(shù)引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，若句時(shí)，若one前有前有the only, the very修飾時(shí)，修飾時(shí)，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，反之用復(fù)數(shù)。定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，反之用復(fù)數(shù)。 He is one of the few persons who have a good knowledge of Italian. He is the only one of the boys who has given a prize. 8. what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞有單復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式：有單復(fù)數(shù)兩種形式：what代

6、表單數(shù)概代表單數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，what 代表復(fù)代表復(fù)數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：數(shù)概念時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。如：What we need is more time. What he needs are books. 9. all 9. all 做主語表示人時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)；做主語表示人時(shí)，謂動(dòng)用復(fù)數(shù)； 若表物，謂動(dòng)則用單數(shù)。若表物，謂動(dòng)則用單數(shù)。 All are here and all is ready!1. 集體名詞集體名詞class, family, army, team, club, crowd, audience, public , group, gov

7、ernment, majority等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)個(gè)成員用復(fù)數(shù)。個(gè)成員用復(fù)數(shù)。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers. 2. means, works, sheep, fish, deer等詞，等詞， 根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Every means has been tried out without much result.注意 A. Twenty years_ (is/are)

8、 only a short time in human history. B. Collecting stamps_(are/is)what he likes. C. Whatever was left_(were/was)taken away. D. A pair of socks _(is/are) left on the table.1. 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、長度、重量等復(fù)表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、長度、重量等復(fù) 數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)。數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)。2. 2. 主語從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)主語從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)。3. a kind of

9、, a pair of, the number, a quantity of 作主語時(shí)作主語時(shí). 一、謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)的情況一、謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)的情況 E. The United states are/is made up of 50 states. F. The Times is/are a newspaper for the British government. G. Many a student has/have seen the film. H. More than one student have/has seen the film. 4. 4. 以以-S 結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞，形復(fù)而意單，

10、結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞，形復(fù)而意單，如表示學(xué)如表示學(xué)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱作主語時(shí)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱作主語時(shí)(news, physics, maths，politics)。5. many a /more than one / each / every / either / neither做主語時(shí)做主語時(shí) A. The police are/is looking for the missing child. B. The rich are/is not always happy. C. The Whites is/are going to make a trip to Londo

11、n.1. people , police, cattle 等形單而意復(fù)名詞作主語。等形單而意復(fù)名詞作主語。2. the+adj. 表示一類人；表示一類人；the+姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式表一家姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式表一家 人做主語時(shí)。人做主語時(shí)。 D. The Olympic Games are/is held once every four years. E. A group of students is/are absent yesterday.3. 由山脈、群島、瀑布由山脈、群島、瀑布(falls)、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等s 結(jié)尾的結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語。專有名詞作主語。 4. a number of /quant

12、ities of /a group of +名詞作主名詞作主語。語。 We Chinese _ a hard-working people Ais Bare CIs being Dare being 此題應(yīng)選此題應(yīng)選 。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通。這里應(yīng)注意的是：我們通常說的是主謂一致（即謂語與主語保持一常說的是主謂一致（即謂語與主語保持一致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語與表致），而不是表謂一致（即不是謂語與表語一致），本題意為：我們中國人是一個(gè)語一致），本題意為：我們中國人是一個(gè)勤勞的民族。勤勞的民族。 A. Twenty years_ (is/are) only a short time in

13、 human history. B. Collecting stamps_(are/is)what he likes. C. Whatever was left_(were/was)taken away. D. A pair of socks _(is/are) left on the table.1. 表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、長度、重量等復(fù)表示時(shí)間、距離、金錢、長度、重量等復(fù) 數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)。數(shù)名詞作主語，表達(dá)一個(gè)整體概念時(shí)。2. 2. 主語從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)主語從句、動(dòng)詞不定式、動(dòng)名詞作主語時(shí)。3. a kind of, a pair of, the numb

14、er, a quantity of 作主語時(shí)作主語時(shí). 一、謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)的情況一、謂語動(dòng)詞為單數(shù)的情況 E. The United states are/is made up of 50 states. F. The Times is/are a newspaper for the British government. G. Many a student has/have seen the film. H. More than one student have/has seen the film. 4. 4. 以以-S 結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞，形復(fù)而意單，結(jié)尾的單數(shù)名詞，形復(fù)而意單，如表示學(xué)如表示

15、學(xué)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱作主語時(shí)科、國家、機(jī)構(gòu)、書籍、報(bào)刊等名稱作主語時(shí)(news, physics, maths，politics)。5. many a /more than one / each / every / either / neither做主語時(shí)做主語時(shí) A. The police are/is looking for the missing child. B. The rich are/is not always happy. C. The Whites is/are going to make a trip to London.1. people , police,

16、 cattle 等形單而意復(fù)名詞作主語。等形單而意復(fù)名詞作主語。2. the+adj. 表示一類人；表示一類人；the+姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式表一家姓的復(fù)數(shù)形式表一家 人做主語時(shí)。人做主語時(shí)。 D. The Olympic Games are/is held once every four years. E. A group of students is/are absent yesterday.3. 由山脈、群島、瀑布由山脈、群島、瀑布(falls)、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等、運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)等s 結(jié)尾的結(jié)尾的專有名詞作主語。專有名詞作主語。 4. a number of /quantities of /a group of

17、+名詞作主名詞作主語。語。 The worker and writer are/is from Wuhan. (比較：比較：The worker and the writer is/are from Beijing. ) Bread and butter is/are a daily food in the West. Every desk and every chair are/is made of wood. Many a boy and girl has/have made the same mistake. 三、三、And連接的并列成分謂語為單數(shù)情況連接的并列成分謂語為單數(shù)情況1. 由

18、由and 連接的并列成分指的是同一概念或連接的并列成分指的是同一概念或成對(duì)的名詞，成對(duì)的名詞，如如bread and butter，soda and water，coffee and milk，knife and fork等。等。 2. Everyand every/eachand each/ no and no , many a and many a連接兩個(gè)單數(shù)連接兩個(gè)單數(shù) 名詞作主語。名詞作主語。1. 集體名詞集體名詞class, family, army, team, club, crowd, audience, public , group, government, majority等

19、作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)等作主語。強(qiáng)調(diào)整體用單數(shù)，指個(gè)個(gè)成員用復(fù)數(shù)。個(gè)成員用復(fù)數(shù)。 His family is a great one. His family are music lovers. 2. means, works, sheep, fish, deer等詞，等詞， 根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。根據(jù)主語表達(dá)的概念而定。 The steel works is near the station. Every means has been tried out without much result.3. some/any/作主語作主語, 謂語動(dòng)詞要和謂語動(dòng)詞要和 of 之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持

20、一致。之后的名詞單復(fù)數(shù)保持一致。 The rest of the students are watering trees. The rest of the wine has gone bad. 4. 定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式取決于其先行詞的單定語從句謂語動(dòng)詞的形式取決于其先行詞的單復(fù)數(shù)。復(fù)數(shù)。One of+名詞復(fù)數(shù)引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，若名詞復(fù)數(shù)引導(dǎo)定語從句時(shí)，若one前前有有the only, the very修飾時(shí)，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞修飾時(shí)，定語從句中謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，反之用復(fù)數(shù)。用單數(shù)，反之用復(fù)數(shù)。 He is one of the few persons who have a good knowledge of Italian. He is the only one of the boys who has given a prize. 5. what引導(dǎo)的從句作主語時(shí)，謂語動(dòng)詞引導(dǎo)