羅蜜歐與朱麗葉教學(xué)版

1、Romeo and Juliet(2014-09-10/17) -By ShakespeareIntroduction: William ShakespeareI. about the author (1564-1616):1. one of the founders of realism in world literature as well as in English literature2. a great master of English language3. the summit of the English Renaissance and one of the greatest

2、writers in the world Famous sayingsA light heart lives long. (豁達(dá)者長(zhǎng)壽?；磉_(dá)者長(zhǎng)壽。) Do not , for one repulse , give up the purpose that you resolved to effect (不要只因一次失敗，就放棄你原來決心想達(dá)到的不要只因一次失敗，就放棄你原來決心想達(dá)到的目的。目的。)The empty vessels make the greatest sound. (滿瓶不響，半瓶咣當(dāng)。滿瓶不響，半瓶咣當(dāng)。)Images: William ShakespeareLiterar

3、y careerII. Divisions of his literary career.a. the first period(1590-1600) : mainly history plays and comedies-bright, happyb. the second period(1601-1608) : mainly tragedies and tragic comedies-serious, mature, indignant, full of disillusion c. the third period(1609-1612): mainly legendary dramas-

4、serene, pastoralMain features of Shakespeares plays 1. the great successes in vivid characterization and emotional intensity and deep psychological analysis; 2. the adroit (clever,熟練的熟練的) plot construction conflict; 3. skilled in many poetic form 莎士比亞悲劇的特點(diǎn)莎士比亞悲劇的特點(diǎn)（一）它必須以英雄人物的死亡而結(jié)束。（一）它必須以英雄人物的死亡而結(jié)束

5、。（二）悲劇的主人公必須是貴族。（二）悲劇的主人公必須是貴族。（三）悲劇人物的行動(dòng)必須出自他們本人（三）悲劇人物的行動(dòng)必須出自他們本人的意志和內(nèi)心，即悲劇人物之所以走向不的意志和內(nèi)心，即悲劇人物之所以走向不幸的結(jié)局，不能歸咎于客觀原因，而應(yīng)由幸的結(jié)局，不能歸咎于客觀原因，而應(yīng)由自己負(fù)責(zé)。自己負(fù)責(zé)。What is a play?A play is a form of literature written by a playwright, usually consisting of scripted dialogue between characters, intended for theatri

6、cal performance rather than just reading. Plays are performed at a variety of levels, from Broadway, Off-Broadway, regional theater, to Community theatre, as well a University or school productions. The term play can refer to both the written works of playwrights and to their complete theatrical per

7、formance.Tragedy 悲劇就是把人生中美好的悲劇就是把人生中美好的 東西毀滅了給人看。東西毀滅了給人看。 魯迅魯迅Tragic plays contain darker themes such as death and disaster. Often the protagonist of the play has a tragic flaw, a trait which leads to their downfall. Tragic plays convey all emotions, and have extremely dramatic conflicts. Tragedy w

8、as one of the two original play types of Ancient Greece. Some examples of tragedies include William Shakespeares Hamlet. 愛情不是花蔭下愛情不是花蔭下的甜言，不是桃花源的甜言，不是桃花源中的蜜語，不是輕綿中的蜜語，不是輕綿的眼淚，更不是死硬的眼淚，更不是死硬的強(qiáng)迫，愛情是建立的強(qiáng)迫，愛情是建立在共同的基礎(chǔ)上的。在共同的基礎(chǔ)上的。 莎士比亞莎士比亞Love makes life burning & rich. 在在18、19世紀(jì)英國牛津大學(xué)圖書館世紀(jì)英國牛津大學(xué)圖書館的閱覽室里

9、，存放著一部的閱覽室里，存放著一部1623年版的著年版的著作，而書是用鐵鏈拴在一張高高的桌子上作，而書是用鐵鏈拴在一張高高的桌子上的，人們只能站著閱讀，盡管如此，這本的，人們只能站著閱讀，盡管如此，這本書仍被人們翻爛了。這本翻爛了的書便是書仍被人們翻爛了。這本翻爛了的書便是羅密歐與朱麗葉羅密歐與朱麗葉。劇本產(chǎn)生的背景劇本產(chǎn)生的背景 羅密歐與朱麗葉羅密歐與朱麗葉是莎士比亞的早期作品是莎士比亞的早期作品,它是根據(jù)意大利民間故事寫成的一部悲劇。它是根據(jù)意大利民間故事寫成的一部悲劇。文藝文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期，歐洲封建社會(huì)逐漸解體，資產(chǎn)復(fù)興時(shí)期，歐洲封建社會(huì)逐漸解體，資產(chǎn)階級(jí)思想開始醞釀，人文主義是文藝復(fù)興階級(jí)

10、思想開始醞釀，人文主義是文藝復(fù)興時(shí)期資產(chǎn)階級(jí)反封建斗爭(zhēng)的思想武器。人時(shí)期資產(chǎn)階級(jí)反封建斗爭(zhēng)的思想武器。人文主義的主要內(nèi)容是用人性反神權(quán)，用個(gè)文主義的主要內(nèi)容是用人性反神權(quán)，用個(gè)性解放反對(duì)禁欲主義，用理性反對(duì)蒙昧主性解放反對(duì)禁欲主義，用理性反對(duì)蒙昧主義。義。它認(rèn)為人生的目的就是追求個(gè)人的自它認(rèn)為人生的目的就是追求個(gè)人的自由和幸福。由和幸福。莎士比亞早期的作品主要是宣莎士比亞早期的作品主要是宣揚(yáng)這種人文主義思想。揚(yáng)這種人文主義思想。羅密歐與朱麗葉羅密歐與朱麗葉就就是在這一背景下產(chǎn)生的一部具有是在這一背景下產(chǎn)生的一部具有反封建意識(shí)反封建意識(shí)的愛的愛情悲劇。情悲劇。Romeo & Juliet: Pl

11、ot Summary On a hot morning fighting by young servants of the Capulet and Montague families is stopped by the Prince who tells them that the next person who breaks the peace will be punished with death. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Capulet plans a feast to introduce his daughter, Juliet, who is almo

12、st fourteen, to the Count (伯爵伯爵) Paris who would like to marry her. By a mistake of the illiterate servant Peter, Montagues son, Romeo, and his friends Benvolio and the Princes cousin Mercutio, hear of the party and decide to go in disguise. Romeo hopes he will see his adored Rosaline rzlin but inst

13、ead he meets and falls in love with Juliet. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Juliets cousin Tybalt recognises the Montagues and they are forced to leave the party just as Romeo and Juliet have each discovered the others identity. Romeo lingers near the Capulets house and talks to Juliet when she appears

14、 on her balcony. With the help of Juliets Nurse the lovers arrange to meet next day at the cell of Friar ( fra（天主教的）男修士（天主教的）男修士 ) Lawrence when Juliet goes for confession, and they are married by him. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Tybalt picks a quarrel with Mercutio and his friends and Mercutio is

15、accidentally killed as Romeo intervenes （ntrvi:n出面）出面）to try to break up the fight. Romeo pursues Tybalt in anger, kills him and is banished by the Prince for the deed. Juliet is anxious that Romeo is late meeting her and learns of the fighting from her Nurse. With Friar Lawrences help it is arrange

16、d that Romeo will spend the night with Juliet before taking refuge at Mantua. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary To calm the familys sorrow at Tybalts death the day for the marriage of Juliet to Paris is brought forward. Capulet and his wife are angry that Juliet does not wish to marry Paris, not knowing

17、of her secret contract with Romeo. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Friar Lawrence helps Juliet by providing a sleeping draught （drft頓服水劑頓服水劑 ）that will make everyone think shes dead. Romeo will then come to her tomb and take her away. When the wedding party arrives to greet Juliet next day they think s

18、he is dead. The Friar sends a colleague to warn Romeo to come to the Capulets family monument to rescue his sleeping wife but the message doesnt get through and Romeo, hearing instead that Juliet is dead, buys poison in Mantua. Romeo & Juliet: Plot Summary Romeo returns to Verona and goes to the tom

19、b where he surprises and kills the mourning Paris. Romeo takes the poison and dies just as Juliet awakes from her drugged sleep. She learns what has happened from Friar Lawrence but she refuses to leave the tomb and stabs herself as the Friar returns with the Prince, the Capulets and Romeos father.

20、The deaths of their children lead the families to make peace, promising to erect a monument in their memory. The themesThemes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. 1. The Forcefulness of Love. Love is a violent, ecstatic, overpowering (無法抵抗的）無法抵抗的）force that supe

21、rsedes （su:psi:d取代）取代）all other values, loyalties, and emotions. 2. Love as a Cause of Violence.The themes of death and violence permeate Romeo and Juliet, and they are always connected to passion, whether that passion is love or hate. The themes3. The Individual Versus Society.Much of Romeo and Jul

22、iet involves the lovers struggles against public and social institutions that either explicitly or implicitly oppose the existence of their love.4. Revenge The themes5. The Inevitability of Fate. The mechanism of fate works in all of the events surrounding the lovers: the feud between their families

23、；the horrible series of accidents that ruin Friar Lawrences seemingly well-intentioned plans at the end of the play; and the tragic timing of Romeos suicide and Juliets awakening. These events are not mere coincidences, but rather manifestations of fate that help bring about the unavoidable outcome

24、of the young lovers deaths. Analysis of Major Characters Romeo: intelligent, quick-witted, fond of verbal jousting (dast競(jìng)爭(zhēng)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)), loyal, and unafraid of danger. Juliet: develops from a wide-eyed (天真的天真的) girl into a self-assured (有有自信的自信的), loyal, and capable woman. 古往今來多少離合悲歡，古往今來多少離合悲歡，誰曾見這樣的哀怨心酸。誰曾見

25、這樣的哀怨心酸。 -朱生豪朱生豪Questions1.What does Romeo compare Juliet to in this selection?2.What does it mean when Juliet says” That which we call a rose/By my other name would smell as sweet”?3.Why do people refer to Romeo and Juliets love as “young love?”4.What is attractive about “young love?”Questions5. Ro

26、meo and Juliets love is obviously “l(fā)ove at first sight”. Do you believe in “l(fā)ove at first sight”? Why or Why not?6. Some people say Shakespeare is our contemporary. Do you agree? Please illustrate your opinion with examples from the plays of Shakespeare.中西中西愛情愛情劇的比較劇的比較1. 中西都有大量的愛情劇。中西都有大量的愛情劇?！霸柑煜掠星槿私K成眷屬愿天下有情人終成眷屬”是中是中西民族的西民族的共同心理共同心理。作家同情、。作家同情、歌頌歌頌為追求自由戀愛而獻(xiàn)身的男為追求自由戀愛而獻(xiàn)身的男女，女，憎恨、譴責(zé)、控訴憎恨