簡單句的五種基本句型課堂課資

1、1學習材料 1. they work hard. 2. the desk feels hard. 3. plants need water. 4. he gave me some seeds. 5. we should keep the plants in the shade.2學習材料1.they work hard. 主 + 謂2.the desk feels hard. 主 + 系 + 表3.plants need water. 主 + 謂 + 賓3學習材料4.he gave me some seeds. 主 + 謂 + 直賓 + 介賓5.we should keep the plant

2、s in the shade. 主 + 謂 + 賓 + 賓補4學習材料英語句子的基本結構可以歸納成五種基本句型及其擴大、組合、省略或倒裝。掌握這五種基本句型，是掌握各種英語句子結構的基礎。5學習材料英語五種基本句型：1.1.+ ( (主謂主謂) )2.2.+ ( (主系表主系表) )3.3.+ (主謂賓主謂賓)4.+io +d( (主謂間賓主謂間賓 直賓）直賓）5.5.+ + +o( (主謂賓主謂賓 賓補賓補) )6學習材料 基本句型 一 + +（主謂）（主謂） 此句型的句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。 這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。7學習材料 （不及物動詞）

3、（不及物動詞）1. time 2. the moon 3. the man4. we all 5. everybody 6. i 7. they 8. he 9.he10.theyflies. rose. cooked. eat, and drink.laughed. woke. talked for half an hour.walked yesterday.is playing.have gone.8學習材料練習1鳥在飛翔。2她的寶寶在哭。3太陽正在落山。4誰也沒笑。birds are flying. her baby is crying. the sun is setting. no o

4、ne laughed. 9學習材料練習25你唱得很美。6 我咳了一夜。7 我們很少在外邊吃飯。8 昨天發(fā)生了事故。you sing beautifully. i coughed all night. we seldom dine out. the accident occurred yesterday. 10學習材料 常用的不及物動詞（vi.) run, swim, jump, rise, laugh, fly, come, go等。屬性動詞: wash, sell, record, wear, read, write等與well, easily等副詞連用，也構成主謂。11學習材料 基本句型基

5、本句型 二二 + + + +（主系表）（主系表） 此句型的句子謂語動詞不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構成復合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。12學習材料our school became larger and larger. city/become/beautiful feel/happy主語主語 + + 系動詞系動詞 + + 表語表語13學習材料練習1今天我感覺不太舒服。2 他看上去很累。3 你的湯味道很好。4 她似乎對計劃不感興趣。i dont feel very well today.he looks very tired. your sou

6、p tastes very good. she doesnt seem very interested in the plan. 14學習材料5 天越來越冷了。6 孩子不久就睡著了。7 他長得相當高了。8 聽到這消息她臉色變得蒼白。 its getting cold. soon the child fell asleep.she went pale at the news. he has grown quite tall.15學習材料系動詞主要分三類：be, look, feel, smell, taste, soundseem, appear get, grow, become, turn,

7、 go, come, prove (turn out)stay, keep, remain be 本身沒有什么意義,只起連系主語和表語的作用。其它系動詞仍保持其部分詞義16學習材料 基本句型 三 + + + +（主謂賓）（主謂賓） 此句型句子的共同特點是謂語動詞都具有實義，都是主語產生的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，即動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。17學習材料（實義動詞）（實義動詞）(賓語賓語) 1. who 2. she 3. he 8. he 5. they 6. i 7. he the answer? her. english. cakes. som

8、e apples. to have a cup of tea. good morning. knows laughs at understands made ate want said 18學習材料練習11過去二十年我們取得了很大的成就。2 他們很快控制了病情。3 他們只是在建空中樓閣。weve achieved a lot in the past twenty years. they soon controlled the disease.they are just building castles in the air. 19學習材料4 我十分欣賞你們的表演。5 顧客要求退款。6 這會造成

9、錯誤的印象。7 我們總是交換圣誕節(jié)禮物的。i enjoyed every minute of your performance. the customer demanded a refund. we always exchange christmas gifts. that will create a wrong impression. 20學習材料 基本句型 四+ +io +d+io +d( (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓 此句型的句子謂語動詞必須跟有兩個賓語才能表達完整的意思。這兩個賓語一個是指人，另一個是指物, 通常指人的賓語用一個介詞（to或for）來連接，當指人的賓語在指物的賓語之前時，

10、這一介詞往往被省略。21學習材料（及（及物）物）（多指（多指人）人）（多指物）（多指物）1.she2.she 3. he 8. he 5. i 6. i 7. i 4. he passed cooked brought bought showed gave told showed himher husband you her him him mea new dress. a delicious meal. a dictionary. nothing. my pictures. a hand. how to run the machine. that the bus was late. 22學習

11、材料my friend lent me this book last week. owe/money/last year buy/bicycle/next christmas tell/news/the day before yesterday 主語主語+ +及物動詞及物動詞+ +間接賓語間接賓語+ +直接賓直接賓語語 s + v +(sb)+(sth) s + v +(sb)+(sth)23學習材料練習1 她給我們唱了一首英文歌曲。2 我去給你沏點新鮮茶。3 這會省去你很多麻煩。4 請幫我把今天的報紙拿來。she sang us an english song. ill make you s

12、ome fresh tea. that will save you a lot of trouble.please fetch me todays paper. 24學習材料4 把車鑰匙遞給我。5 把你們的計劃用傳真發(fā)給我們。6 你可否把書單用電子郵件發(fā)給我？7 把那本書扔給我。hand me the car key. please fax us your plans. throw me that book. can you e-mail me the book list?25學習材料 常用的帶雙賓語的動詞26學習材料常跟雙賓語的動詞 give, offer, teach, tell, rea

13、d, ask, bring, pass, lend, return, write, throw, allow, send,cost make, buy, do, get, save, cook, sing, find等。27學習材料tofortake, give, teach, bring, lend, mail, offer, pass, hand, sell, send, show, throw, answer, award, write, grant, permit, promise, paydo, buy, cook, choose, fetch, get, leave, make,

14、order, paint, play(演奏演奏)，save, sing, 28學習材料 基本句型 五 + + + +（主謂賓賓補）（主謂賓賓補） 此句型的句子特點是： 動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語才能使意思完整。29學習材料（及物）（及物）o（賓語）（賓語） o（賓補）（賓補）1. we 2. they3. they 4. they5. what 6. we 7. he 8. i the table the door supper the house him him me them clean. green. dinner. dirty.

15、sad? out. to come back. getting on the bus. keep painted call found makes saw asked saw30學習材料主語主語+ +及物動詞及物動詞+ +賓語賓語+ +賓語補足語賓語補足語 s + v + (o) + (oc) i found him lying in bed.hear/cry/next roomnotice/thief/steal/housefeel/building/shakesee/trees/plant/mountain31學習材料i obliged him to do his homework. he

16、/teach/pupils/speak/english she/advise/him/listen/every day she/allow/me/use/dictionary主語主語+ +及物動詞及物動詞+ +賓語賓語+ +賓語補足語賓語補足語 s + v + (o) + (oc) 32學習材料練習11我們把窗框漆成了黃色。2 她把連衣裙染成淡藍色。3 他發(fā)現這工作很有意思。4 什么使你這樣生氣？we painted the window frames yellow.she dyed her dress light blue. he found the job quite interestin

17、g. what made you so angry?33學習材料5 我們必須在半小時內把晚飯做好。6 你們必須保持房間干凈。7 我認為這沒有必要。8 不久他們就把她釋放了。 we must get the supper ready in half an hour. you must keep the room clean.soon they set her free. i dont think it necessary. 34學習材料 常用的帶復合賓語的動詞 think, consider, feel, find, have, see, hear, notice, get, leave, ask, tell,etc.35學習材料典型句子分析36學習材料 除了基本句型的成分不變外，通常是在這些成分的前面或后面增加一些修飾語而加以擴大。這些修飾語可以是單詞（主要