新視野預(yù)備級(jí)Unit2SectionA

1、section a homecontents pre-reading questionsreading through words & expressions main idea & structure text a exercisesmerry learning pre-reading questionswhat are the differences between “home” and “house”? do you like your home? do you like your house?how did you feel when you moved out fro

2、m your house last time? reading throughsection a 1. -when one of them started trying to remember-(para. 1) 英語(yǔ)中的英語(yǔ)中的 begin 與與 start 都有都有“開始開始”的意思，但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中，卻有的意思，但在實(shí)際運(yùn)用中，卻有很多不同。很多不同。 一一 . 相同之處相同之處 1. 意為意為“開始；發(fā)生；發(fā)起開始；發(fā)生；發(fā)起”時(shí)，兩者可互換。如：時(shí)，兩者可互換。如： then he began/ started a series of experiments. 然后他就開始做一系列的實(shí)

3、驗(yàn)。然后他就開始做一系列的實(shí)驗(yàn)。 2. 表示開始某一動(dòng)作時(shí)，后面跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞所表達(dá)的意思是相同的。表示開始某一動(dòng)作時(shí)，后面跟不定式或動(dòng)名詞所表達(dá)的意思是相同的。但當(dāng)表示開始一項(xiàng)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間或經(jīng)常性的活動(dòng)時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞的形式則更為但當(dāng)表示開始一項(xiàng)較長(zhǎng)時(shí)間或經(jīng)常性的活動(dòng)時(shí)，后接動(dòng)名詞的形式則更為常見(jiàn)。如：常見(jiàn)。如： the child began crying/ to cry. 那小孩開始哭了。那小孩開始哭了。 3. 兩者在下列情況下常接不定式，不接動(dòng)名詞：兩者在下列情況下常接不定式，不接動(dòng)名詞： （ 1 ）主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的事物，而不是人時(shí)。如：）主語(yǔ)是無(wú)生命的事物，而不是人時(shí)。如： the ice

4、 began/ started to melt. 冰開始融化了。冰開始融化了。 （ 2 ）當(dāng)）當(dāng) began 和和 start 用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)。如：用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)時(shí)。如： the plaster was beginning / starting to fall from the walls. 墻上的灰泥開始脫落了。墻上的灰泥開始脫落了。 （ 3 ）當(dāng)）當(dāng) begin 和和 start 后接表示心理狀態(tài)或精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如：后接表示心理狀態(tài)或精神活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞時(shí)。如： mary began/ started to guess what is in the bag. 瑪麗開始猜包里有什么東西了瑪麗開始

5、猜包里有什么東西了。 （4） begin 和和 start 均為終止性動(dòng)詞，因此不能與段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如：均為終止性動(dòng)詞，因此不能與段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。如： 電影開始電影開始 10 分鐘了。分鐘了。 誤：誤： the film has begun/ started for ten minutes. 正：正： the film began ten minutes ago. 正：正： the film has been on for ten minutes. 正：正： its ten minutes since the film began. v 二二 . 不同之處不同之處 1. 表示（機(jī)器）開始、啟

6、動(dòng)時(shí)，用表示（機(jī)器）開始、啟動(dòng)時(shí)，用 start ，不用，不用 begin ，時(shí)此的，時(shí)此的 start 相相當(dāng)于當(dāng)于 set going 。如：。如： how do you start the washing machine? 洗衣機(jī)怎么啟動(dòng)？洗衣機(jī)怎么啟動(dòng)？ 2. 表示創(chuàng)辦、開設(shè)時(shí)，用表示創(chuàng)辦、開設(shè)時(shí)，用 start ，不用，不用 begin 。此時(shí)的。此時(shí)的 start 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 set up 或或 establish 。如：。如： he started a new shop last year. 去年他新開了一家商店。去年他新開了一家商店。 3. 表示動(dòng)身、出發(fā)、啟程時(shí)，用表示動(dòng)身

7、、出發(fā)、啟程時(shí)，用 start ，不用，不用 begin ，此時(shí)的，此時(shí)的 start 相當(dāng)相當(dāng)于于 set out 或或 set off 。如：。如： he started for america last week. 他上周動(dòng)身去美國(guó)了。他上周動(dòng)身去美國(guó)了。 4. 表示開始使用時(shí)，用表示開始使用時(shí)，用 start ，不用，不用 begin ，此時(shí)的，此時(shí)的 start 相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于 begin to use 。如：。如： you have used up this bottle of ink. will you start another one? 你已用完了這瓶墨水，打算再用一瓶嗎？你已

8、用完了這瓶墨水，打算再用一瓶嗎？ 2. we paid off the money- (para. 2)pay off: 1)把錢全部還清把錢全部還清ive now paid off all my debt.2) 取得成功，得到好的結(jié)果取得成功，得到好的結(jié)果did your plan pay off?section av3.-we owed on the house eight years ago. (para. 2) owe: v. 欠（債等）欠（債等） i owed ten dollars to a friend. and now, add it all up and tell me ho

9、w much i owe you?歸功于歸功于 she owes her success to her hard work.v4. im in no way clever with money except when it comes to spending it. (para 4) meaning: im not at all good at using money wisely except that i spend it fast.對(duì)錢我除了會(huì)花以外，別的一竅不通。in no way: not at all 一點(diǎn)也不一點(diǎn)也不i in on way want to discuss the

10、matter with him now.when it comes to (doing) sth: 涉及，至于when it comes to the internet technology, i know nothing.v5.- i asked him in a voice that was louder than necessary for him to hear-(para.5) in a voice:以以-的聲音的聲音 she sings in a beautiful voice.she talked to her son in a voice that was angry. mor

11、e than necessary: 不必要不必要it is more than necessary for him to speak at this meeting.v6. i dont know why this is such a popular subject of conversation these days, but our house is not for sale.(para.10)meaning: i dont know why a lot of people are so interested in talking about it these days, but we d

12、ont want to sell our house.我不理解為什么如今這已成了一個(gè)流行的話題，但我們的房子不出售。for sale:待售is this house for sale?v7. -before we rise in the morning-(para.10) rise: v. 1) get upthey rose very early in order to be in london by eight.2) go up 上升上升smoke was rising from the house.her voice rose in anger.n. 增加there has been a

13、 big rise in fuel pricenote: 作“起床”時(shí)，get up 比rise更為常用v8. one out of every five of the american population-(para.12) out of:從從-中中nine out of ten people prefer this model.three out of four people think that the plan is not practical.v9.-packs up his things and goes to live(para.12) pack up: 收拾行李收拾行李tom

14、orrow well pack up and go off.v10. jobs are easier to come by than a home.（para.15）come by: get sth. 得到得到vegetables are hard to come by here in winter.how did you come by two concert tickets.v11. i have put up twenty-nine christmas trees near the window-(para.16) put up:搭起，豎立搭起，豎立 the government has

15、 decided to put up a new office building.2) 住宿住宿can you put me up for the night?im afraid i cant put you up; youll have to go to a hotelv12. our house provides me with a simple pleasure every time i come home to it.(para.19)meaning: every time i come home, i feel really satisfied with our house.我每次回

16、到家里，我們的房子總是給我們帶來(lái)一種樸素的快樂(lè)。meaning of the sentencesmeaning: meaning：when i come into the house, i delighted to see the furniture that i know so well, and even dust gives me a pleasant feeling of friendliness because it is our home.113. i am welcomed by familiar furniture when i enter, and im warmed by

17、everything in our house which may merely be dust, but it is our dust and i like it.(para.19)我走進(jìn)屋子里，熟悉的家具在歡迎我，屋里的每一樣?xùn)|西都溫暖著我的心，我走進(jìn)屋子里，熟悉的家具在歡迎我，屋里的每一樣?xùn)|西都溫暖著我的心，哪怕或許僅僅是灰塵，那也是我家的灰塵，我喜歡它。哪怕或許僅僅是灰塵，那也是我家的灰塵，我喜歡它。v14. the talk of moving came up at dinner-(para.20) come up:被提出，被提及被提出，被提及your question never

18、came up in discussion.the accident came up an the meeting. 發(fā)生（意想不到的事情）發(fā)生（意想不到的事情）ill let you know if anything comes up.ill be late home-somethings just come up at work.v15. -but at one point he looked up from his plate-(para.20) look up:抬頭看抬頭看she looked up and smiled.i looked up and saw the police.v

19、16. -and asked, were settled here-(para.20) settle:定居；落戶定居；落戶his family is going to settle in canadahow did you come to settle here?確定；決定確定；決定he helped me settle on which car to buy.they settled a day for the meeting.exercises using the right word working with expressions focusing on sentence struct

20、ure translating using topic-related terms basic writing skillschoose the best item to complete each of the following sentences. using the right word 1. why has jane been giving me dirty _ all day? a. appearancesb. eyes c. looksd. faces 2. the chairman was _ for tim to come in too. a. singingb. sighi

21、ng c. indicatingd. signing 3. we should give moral support to them as they are _ to build a more democratic society. a. strugglingb. interfering c. extending d. restrainingcda4. he used to lose his _ easily, but now he is quite a different person. a. anger b. mood c. temperd. mind5. the _ between th

22、ese two dates is about six weeks. a. interveningb. interval c. interventiond. interview 6. the new _ of the country were fixed after the war. a. limitsb. bonds c. lines d. boundaries using the right wordcbd7. she stood for a moment with her head _ in his shoulder. a. putb. buried c. pressedd. rested

23、8. my hair is wrapped up in a _, because id just washed it when you called. a. carpet b. blanket c. tissue d. towel using the right wordbd1. thank you for your _ time, experience and service as well.2. hong kongs _ has helped change and develop the city into a modern one.3. the city has a _ of ten m

24、illion.4. the roofs _ and the walls were damp.working with expressionsfill in each of the blanks in the following sentences with a suitable preposition or adverb. valuableinvestment populationleaked5. in order to learn a foreign language well, we should make ourselves _ with the culture of that coun

25、try.6. they spent a whole day placing the _ ; now they have a comfortable and new house to live in.7. dont take what he said too seriously; he is _ asking about the possibility of further investment.8.he _ profession after 4 years at college.working with expressionsfamiliarfurnitureenteredmerelyfocu

26、sing on sentence structure 1: what he said could not excuse his crime at all.key: what he said could excuse his crime in no waya. rewrite the following sentences using the expressions given in the parentheses.2: though the idea sounded mad, in fact, it was rather good idea. (as a matter of fact) key

27、: though the idea sounded mad, as a matter of fact, it was rather good idea. focusing on sentence structure translatinga. translate the following into english. 1.同學(xué)們散坐在教室的各處討論問(wèn)題，就在 這時(shí)他們的老師進(jìn)來(lái)了。(sit around) the students were sitting around the classroom and discussing questions when their teacher came

28、 in . 2.我去年買了這棟房子，所欠房款還未還清。(pay off) last year i bought this house, but i have not paid off the money i owe on it. 我的朋友向我點(diǎn)點(diǎn)頭，然后仔細(xì)考慮我提出的問(wèn)題。(nodmy friend nodded to me and thought over the questions i put forward. translatinga. translate the following into english. 4. 住房成為當(dāng)今的流行話題，這是不難理解的。 it is not dif

29、ficult to understand that housing has become a popular subject of conversation these days. 5.你漸漸習(xí)慣了老房子的這些問(wèn)題，就像習(xí)慣了自己的缺點(diǎn)一樣。(get used to ) you have got used to these problems of your old house, just like your own shortcomings. translatingb. translate the following into chinese. 1、一個(gè)星期六的晚上，我們和一些老朋友散座在我們

30、相當(dāng)破舊的起居室里，就在這時(shí)一個(gè)朋友開始努力回想我們已經(jīng)在這住多久.2. “這房子對(duì)誰(shuí)來(lái)說(shuō)不那么值錢了這房子對(duì)誰(shuí)來(lái)說(shuō)不那么值錢了?”我大聲地問(wèn)他，我大聲地問(wèn)他，音量超過(guò)來(lái)使他聽(tīng)清楚所必需的程度。音量超過(guò)來(lái)使他聽(tīng)清楚所必需的程度。 3、在靠近我妻子書桌的窗簾后面，有一塊四英寸寬、在靠近我妻子書桌的窗簾后面，有一塊四英寸寬的墻沒(méi)有涂最后四層涂料，以便保留那些小小的粉的墻沒(méi)有涂最后四層涂料，以便保留那些小小的粉筆印記和對(duì)面的日期。筆印記和對(duì)面的日期。 v4、如果有什么東西出了問(wèn)題，如果地毯破舊了，衛(wèi)生間或浴室的水池漏水了，鄰居不友好，你漸漸習(xí)慣于這些問(wèn)題，并像對(duì)待自己的缺點(diǎn)一樣，有辦法聽(tīng)之任之。 v

31、5、我走進(jìn)屋里，熟悉的家具在歡迎我，某種感覺(jué)溫暖著我的心，帶來(lái)這種感覺(jué)的東西或許僅僅是灰塵而已，但它是我家的灰塵，我喜歡它。using topic-related terms all of the following underlined words and expressions are related to something that happened to you before going to college. read them closely and use them to complete the passage below. my daughter allie is leav

32、ing for college this week. she answers, her voice filled with annoyance. the august before i left for college, i screamed at my mother the whole month. it wont seem like im trying to interfere in her life. she turns down every invitation i extend, and wears her walkman all the time to avoid talking

33、to me. i have to restrain myself from losing my temper and saying the most horrible of all mother phrases: think of everything ive done for you. we stand there together for several moments, connecting with one another again. i would like to go to a(n) _ far from home. my parents idea, on the other h

34、and, was just the opposite. my father tried his best not to _ in my choice and showed no sign of _, but my mother was _ at me all the time. i could hardly _ myself, so i did everything i could to _ meeting and talking to her. fortunately, we finally found ways to_ with one another again. college res

35、train interfere avoid annoyance screaming connectusing topic-related terms basic writing skills英語(yǔ)寫作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下兩種方法：英語(yǔ)寫作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下兩種方法：用具體描述代替抽象概述。例如：用具體描述代替抽象概述。例如：less vivid: praise is good for the healthy growth of children.more vivid: an ounce of praise is worth a pound of critic

36、ism. to give praise costs one nothing but a few words. it is an investment that has nothing to do with money. it will help children grow up healthily. basic writing skills英語(yǔ)寫作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下兩種方法：英語(yǔ)寫作中，描述性文字要做到栩栩如生可以用以下兩種方法：2. 2. 用比喻對(duì)事物進(jìn)行形象比較。例如：用比喻對(duì)事物進(jìn)行形象比較。例如：less vivid: when they learn to turn

37、 and fly forward, they realize that they are now able to fly freely in the sky with the help of a parachute.more vivid: when they learn to turn and fly forward, they realize that theyre not just a flying stone. they realize that theyre like a bird: they can fly. less vivid: the power is yours go and

38、 try out other bosses before you promptly take this job for the long run.more vivid: the power is yoursgo and check out other bosses before you jump aboard for the long run.examine the following sentences below. choose the sentences that are more effective in describing a situation or event. model:

39、a. there were ashes falling from the sky. b. a rain of ashes was falling from the sky. key: b. a rain of ashes was falling from the sky. 1.a. the first bright star appeared in the night sky, and it didnt move. b. like a yellow diamond in a wine colored sky, the first star appeared, immobile and perf

40、ect. practice2. a. the water in the bay was dead calm. b. the water in the bay was not moving. 3. a. it seemed as if my body was glowing, with all the sun of the afternoon embedded under my skin. b. i felt sunburned and hot after being in the sun all day. 4. a. the wind blew my shirt. b. the icy win

41、d whipped my shirt. 5. a. from midnight on, my right knee began to hurt and i felt as though the water had penetrated my bones. b. from midnight on, my right knee began to hurt and it was painful. practice6. a. i feel like our relationship is hanging by a thread. b. i feel like our relationship is d

42、elicate and unstable.7. a. the president was in a dangerous and difficult situation. b. the president was skating on very thin ice in trying to achieve this goal.8. a. allies feelings have gone underground. b. allie has kept her feelings from being shown. practicethe monkey the monkey a man walks in

43、to a bar and orders a beer. he takes his first sip and sets it down. while he is looking around the bar, a monkey swings down and steals the pint of beer from him before he is able to stop the monkey. the man asks the barman who owns the monkey. the barman replies that its the piano player. the man

44、walks over to the piano player and says do you know your monkey stole my beer? the pianist replies no, but if you hum it, ill play it. note: sip “吮吸吮吸”. merry learning酒吧里的猴子酒吧里的猴子 一男子去酒吧，點(diǎn)了一杯啤酒。他喝了一口放下。當(dāng)他環(huán)視酒吧時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)一只猴子蕩下來(lái)，在他阻止之前，偷走了啤酒。 該男子問(wèn)酒吧招待，這只猴子是誰(shuí)的。服務(wù)員回答說(shuō)是鋼琴手的。男子走到鋼琴手面前問(wèn)：“你知道你的猴子偷了我的啤酒嗎？”鋼琴手回答說(shuō)：“沒(méi)

45、有，但是如果你能哼唱，我會(huì)為你演奏的?！?merry learning 定語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)是用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞是用來(lái)修飾、限定、說(shuō)明名詞或代詞的品質(zhì)與特征的。的品質(zhì)與特征的。 主要有形容詞，此外還有名詞、代詞、數(shù)詞、介詞短語(yǔ)、動(dòng)詞不定式(短語(yǔ))、分詞、定語(yǔ)從句或相當(dāng)于形容詞的詞、短語(yǔ)或句子都可以作定語(yǔ)。 漢語(yǔ)中常用的表示。定語(yǔ)的位置定語(yǔ)的位置 定語(yǔ)的位置一般有兩種:用在所修飾詞之前的叫前置定語(yǔ)，用在所修飾詞之后的叫后置定語(yǔ)。 單詞作定語(yǔ)時(shí)通常放在它所修飾的詞之前，作前置定語(yǔ)。短語(yǔ)和從句作定語(yǔ)時(shí)則放在所修飾的詞之后，作后置定語(yǔ)。英語(yǔ)中按動(dòng)詞后可否直接跟賓語(yǔ)，可把動(dòng)詞分成及物動(dòng)詞和不及物動(dòng)詞。不

46、及物動(dòng)詞：字典里詞后標(biāo)有vi. 的就是不及物動(dòng)詞。不及物動(dòng)詞后不能直接跟有動(dòng)作的對(duì)象（即賓語(yǔ)）。若要跟賓語(yǔ)，必須先在其后添加上某個(gè)介詞，如to, of ,at后方可跟上賓語(yǔ)i have something to say.he has a lot of homework to do .he is looking for a room to live in .there is nothing to worry about.動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ)(如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞如果不定式中的動(dòng)詞是不及物動(dòng)詞,則不定式中要有介詞則不定式中要有介詞.)請(qǐng)給我一支寫字的筆請(qǐng)給我一支寫字的筆.pl

47、ease give me a pen to write with.不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，應(yīng)放在被修飾詞的后面被修飾詞的后面，而，而且放在其他后置定語(yǔ)之后。且放在其他后置定語(yǔ)之后。1. 不定式做定語(yǔ)與所修飾的詞之間有不定式做定語(yǔ)與所修飾的詞之間有三種三種關(guān)系：關(guān)系：(1)動(dòng)賓關(guān)系動(dòng)賓關(guān)系 如果不定式與被修飾的詞在邏輯上存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式如果不定式與被修飾的詞在邏輯上存在動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，不定式里的動(dòng)詞必須是里的動(dòng)詞必須是及物動(dòng)詞及物動(dòng)詞。注意：是及物動(dòng)詞的，后。注意：是及物動(dòng)詞的，后面不要再加賓語(yǔ)，因?yàn)榍懊娴谋恍揎椩~是它的賓語(yǔ)；面不要再加賓語(yǔ)，因?yàn)榍懊娴谋恍揎椩~是它的賓語(yǔ)；是不及物動(dòng)詞的，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞讓它變成是不及物動(dòng)詞的，要加上適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞讓它變成及物動(dòng)詞，只有這樣，它才能帶上前面的賓語(yǔ)。及物動(dòng)詞，只有這樣，它才能帶上前面的賓語(yǔ)。 1） he has a lot of books to read here is some advice for you to follow. there is no one to take care of. (2) she