商務(wù)英語翻譯Unit10

1、【Exercises】翻譯下列段落，注意句子重心的轉(zhuǎn)移翻譯下列段落，注意句子重心的轉(zhuǎn)移1. Happiness lies not in the mere possession of money, it lies in the joy of achievement, in the thrill of creative efforts, the joy and moral stimulation of work no longer must be forgotten in the mad chase of evanescent profits. These dark days, my friend

2、s, will be worth all they cost us, if they teach us that our true destiny is not to be ministered on to, but to minister to ourselves, to our fellow men.幸福并不在于單純的占有金錢，幸福還在于取得成功后的喜悅，在于創(chuàng)造努力時(shí)的激情。務(wù)必不能再忘記勞動(dòng)帶來的喜悅和激勵(lì)，而去瘋狂追逐那轉(zhuǎn)瞬即逝的利潤。如果這些黯淡的日子能使我們認(rèn)識(shí)到，我們真正的使命不是要?jiǎng)e人侍奉，而是要為自己和同胞們服務(wù)的話，那么，我們付出的代價(jià)是完全值得的。2. First im

3、pressions are often lasting ones. Indeed, if you play your cards right, you can enjoy the benefits of what sociologists call the “halo effect.” This means that if youre viewed positively within the critical first few minutes, the person youve met will likely assume everything you do is positive.第一印象

4、常常是持久的印象。的確，如果處理得當(dāng)，你就能有幸獲得社會(huì)學(xué)家稱之為“光環(huán)效應(yīng)”帶來的種種好處。這就是說，要是在一開始關(guān)鍵的幾分鐘里你就給人留下好的印象，初遇者就可能認(rèn)為你辦的事件件都好。3. How you move and gesture will greatly influence an interviewers first impression of you. In a landmark study of communications, psychologists discovered that seven percent of any message about our feeling

5、s and attitudes comes from the words we use, 38 percent from our voice, and a startling 55 percent from our facial expressions. In fact, when our facial expression or tone of voice conflicts with our words, the listener will typically put more weight on the nonverbal message.你的一舉一動(dòng)都會(huì)大大影響你給面試者的第一印象。在

6、有關(guān)人際交流的一項(xiàng)意義重大的研究中，心理學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)，關(guān)于情感和態(tài)度的信息7%來自語言文字，38%來自語音，而竟有55%來自面部表情。事實(shí)上，如果面部表情或說話語調(diào)與我們所說的語言本身發(fā)生矛盾時(shí)，聽者通常會(huì)更加看重非語言信息。4. Monitor your body language to make sure you dont seem too desperate for the job, or too eager to please. Keep a Poker face in business situations. Inappropriate smiling is the most commo

7、n example of a nonverbal behavior that undercuts verbal messages making you appear weak and unassertive. Good eye contact is also important. One study found that job applicants who make more eye contact are perceived as more alert, dependable, confident and responsible.要注意你的形體語言，千萬不要表現(xiàn)得對(duì)這份工作迫不及待，也不要

8、表現(xiàn)得急于討好別人。要保持一種辦理公事時(shí)一本正經(jīng)的神態(tài)。非語言行為可削弱語言信息的力量，從而使你顯得軟弱而缺乏自信，不合時(shí)宜的微笑就是一個(gè)最為常見的例子。良好的目光交流也非常重要。有一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，多用目光進(jìn)行交流的求職者可給人以更為機(jī)警、可靠、自信、負(fù)責(zé)的印象。Unit 10 Chinas Big Plan 也就在一幅絢爛的圖畫邊，在河灣之畔，一群羊正低頭覓食。（07年八級(jí)）- A group of sheep are search for their food by the riverside.- Just beside this splendid landscape, a herd of

9、sheep are grazing with bent heads by the riverside. 它們幾乎沒有一個(gè)顧得上抬起頭來，看一眼這美麗的黃昏。（07年八級(jí)） - None of them stops to enjoy the beautiful moment. (過于簡單，丟掉了原文中無處不在的美景） - However, none of them cares to look up and throw a glance at the beautiful twilight. 07年八級(jí)漢譯英是一篇優(yōu)美的散文，文學(xué)意味很濃。對(duì)文學(xué)體裁的原文，我們一般先把基本意思表達(dá)出來，爭取拿到基本

10、分，然后對(duì)譯文進(jìn)行修改潤色。 翻譯中的視點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換是指翻譯者按照譯語的思維方式或表達(dá)習(xí)慣重新組織源語的信息，從與源語不同甚至相反的角度來表達(dá)同樣意思的一種技巧，是翻譯者為如實(shí)、準(zhǔn)確地轉(zhuǎn)述源語信息而常有意或無意地使用的一種手法。翻譯中的視點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換翻譯中的視點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)換Shift of Perspective in Translation一、 感情色彩轉(zhuǎn)換 英語有些詞義是中性的，本身不表示褒義或貶義，但在一定的上下文中可能具有褒貶的意味，翻譯時(shí)就應(yīng)該用具有褒貶意味的對(duì)應(yīng)詞來表達(dá)，此為語境對(duì)語義的制約，或稱之為“語境效應(yīng)”，如：1. While driving along the road, he was as

11、ked to reflect on his hopes and ambitions. - 途中請(qǐng)他談了他的希望和抱負(fù)。2. He was a man of integrity, but unfortunately he had a certain reputation.- 他是個(gè)正直誠實(shí)的人，但不幸有某種壞名聲。 3. My sister is so thin that she looks strikingly attractive.- 我妹妹那么苗條，看起來迷人極了。4. My sister is so thin that she looks sick. - 我妹妹骨瘦如柴，看上去有病。二、

12、 數(shù)字轉(zhuǎn)換翻譯英文數(shù)字的時(shí)候，要根據(jù)漢語的表達(dá)習(xí)慣作適當(dāng)變通。如： Unit: thousand 單位: 萬元1. Think twice 三思而行2. In two minds 三心二意3. At sixes and sevens 亂七八糟4. To the nines 十全十美5. One in a thousand 百里挑一 三十幾個(gè)人，三三兩兩，各自在愛去的地方溜達(dá)。- Thirty-odd of us, in group of threes and fives, strolled wherever we liked. 那些賣酒的青簾高揚(yáng)，賣茶的紅炭滿爐，仕女游人，絡(luò)繹不絕，真不數(shù)“三

13、十六家花酒店，七十二座管弦樓”。（吳敬梓儒林外史）- Dark trade-signs flutter above the wine-shops, and red charcoal glows in the tea-house stoves, while men and women stream by, on pleasure bent, to throng the countless taverns and music halls. （楊憲益、戴乃迭譯） Four scores and seven years ago， our father brought fourth on this co

14、ntinent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and the proposition that all men are created equal.譯文：87年前，我們的先輩在這個(gè)大陸上創(chuàng)立了一個(gè)新的國家，它主張自由，奉行所有人生來平等的原則。三、 描述詞轉(zhuǎn)換在英語中，本應(yīng)該用來修飾一種事物的描述詞被用來修飾了另一種事物，這種現(xiàn)象統(tǒng)稱為transferred epithet (移就)。在翻譯這樣的表達(dá)時(shí)，運(yùn)用視點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移的手法，才能準(zhǔn)確表達(dá)原語的意境。如：There was an amazed silence. (視點(diǎn)轉(zhuǎn)移）- 人們驚愕不已，一時(shí)間寂靜無

15、聲。Dreamy, gloomy, friendly trees. （直譯）- 多夢(mèng)、憂悶、友好的樹兒。矛盾修飾(Oxymoron ) An audible stillness - 什么都聽得見的寂靜 Victorious defeat - 雖敗猶榮 Sorrowful gladness - 悲喜交織四、 形象轉(zhuǎn)換喻義相同，但喻體相異，即“意和而形離”。這就要求我們?cè)诜g中要實(shí)行喻體翻譯的形象變通。如：1. Kill a fly with a spear 殺雞用牛刀2. Dont be a chicken 別膽小如鼠3. Like a hen on hot girdle 像熱鍋上的螞蟻4. H

16、ave a wolf by the year 騎虎難下5. Milk the bull 緣木求魚As weak as water- 弱不經(jīng)風(fēng)As timid as a hare- 膽小如鼠Laugh off ones head- 笑掉大牙You cannot have your cake and eat it.- 魚與熊掌不可兼得。Agues come on horse back, but go away on foot.- 病來如山倒，病去如抽絲。Penny wise, pound foolish.- 撿了芝麻，丟了西瓜。Better be the head of a dog than th

17、e tail of a lion.- 寧為雞首，不為牛后。He cries wine and sells vinegar.- 他掛羊頭，賣狗肉。Diamond cut diamond- 棋逢對(duì)手He robs Peter to pay Paul.- 他拆東墻補(bǔ)西墻。五、 顏色轉(zhuǎn)換不少顏色詞語的含義非但與顏色本義無關(guān)，容易引起誤解。如：Black： 壞的，邪惡的。如：black Monday，黑色星期一。White：純潔、無辜、善良。白象牌電池-white elephant ；白象牌童鞋-Pet elephant。Blue：高貴、出身名門。blue blood 高貴的門第和血統(tǒng)；blue rib

18、bon 一等獎(jiǎng)、最高榮譽(yù)、最高稱號(hào); Gray：消極、保守、暗淡。如：gray prospects，暗淡的未來；gray collar workers 從事“第三產(chǎn)業(yè)”（服務(wù)行業(yè)）的人員；white collar，blue collar，gold collar，pink collar. Purple：高貴、華美、幸運(yùn)。 born in the purple 生于王室或貴族之家； a purple patch 順境的日子，非指紫色的補(bǔ)丁。青草 青天 青衫 green grass blue sky black gown He lives to a green old age.- 他老當(dāng)益壯。 He

19、 looks green.- 他面帶病容。 He is a green hand.- 他是個(gè)沒有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的新手。 He is green-eyed.- 他嫉妒心強(qiáng)。 客人一走進(jìn)大門，撲鼻的是一陣幽香，入目的是綠蠟似的葉子和白雪似的花朵- As guests entered the gate, they would first smell a sweet fragrance and then see the waxy green leaves and the snow-white flowers. 六、 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換漢語一個(gè)詞類能充當(dāng)句子的成分較多，充當(dāng)不同成分時(shí)無需改變?cè)~類。比較而言，英語一個(gè)詞能充當(dāng)

20、的句子成分較少，充當(dāng)不同成分時(shí)常常要改變?cè)~類。因此，翻譯時(shí)要進(jìn)行此類轉(zhuǎn)換。如：1. Penicillin is used in the treatment of bacteria infection.青霉素用于治療細(xì)菌感染。2. Independent thinking is an absolute necessity in study.獨(dú)立思考對(duì)學(xué)習(xí)是絕對(duì)必要的。3. To them, he personified the absolute power.在他們看來,他就是絕對(duì)權(quán)威的化身。 In almost every silhouette, there was a juxtapositio

21、n of something grand with something street - 幾乎每一個(gè)服裝款型，街頭元素和時(shí)裝元素都是同時(shí)出現(xiàn)同時(shí)出現(xiàn)的的。 The creative director was eloquent and elegant - but soft. - 這位創(chuàng)意總監(jiān)有口才、有風(fēng)度，但很軟弱。 After years of prospering as the worlds workshop, China now wants to be its laboratory as well. - 中國作為“世界工場(chǎng)”，多年來發(fā)展蒸蒸日上，但現(xiàn)在它也希望成為“世界實(shí)驗(yàn)室”。 “Coming!” Away she skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda, and into the porch. - “來啦！”她轉(zhuǎn)身蹦著跳著地跑了