情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+havedone

1、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 + have done一、一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done 有兩種含義：有兩種含義：I. 推測(cè)推測(cè)。表示對(duì)表示對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行的事情進(jìn)行 推測(cè)。推測(cè)。II.責(zé)備責(zé)備。對(duì)對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行責(zé)備的事情進(jìn)行責(zé)備 和抱怨。和抱怨。Grammar I.I.推測(cè)推測(cè) 表示對(duì)表示對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行推測(cè)。的事情進(jìn)行推測(cè)。1. 在在肯定句肯定句中用中用 must, could, may 或或 might。 ( must 的把握性最大，意為的把握性最大，意為“肯定肯定”； could, may, might 語(yǔ)氣較弱，意為語(yǔ)氣較弱，意為“可能可能”。)H

2、e could/may/might have gone to school. 他他可能可能上學(xué)去了。上學(xué)去了。 He must have gone to school. 他他肯定肯定是上學(xué)去了。是上學(xué)去了。 1) I didnt hear the phone. I _ asleep. A. must be B. must have been C. should be D. should have been2) Sorry, I am late. I _ have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again. A. might

3、B. should C. can D.will3) -Did Jim come? -I dont know. He _ while I was out. A. must have come B. has come C. might have come D. should have come Test yourself 4) - Well done, Jack! - Thanks. But given more time, I _ it better. A. shouldnt have done B. could have done C. might not do D. could do2. 在

4、在否定句否定句中用中用 cant /couldnt 或或 may not /might not, 不用不用 mustnt。 ( cant (couldnt) 把握性較大，把握性較大， 意為意為“不可能不可能”， “肯定沒(méi)有肯定沒(méi)有”; may not (might not) 把握性較小，把握性較小， 意為意為“可能不可能不”，“也許沒(méi)有也許沒(méi)有”。)He may/might not have gone to school. 他他也許沒(méi)去也許沒(méi)去上學(xué)。上學(xué)。 He cant/couldnt have gone to school. 他他肯定沒(méi)去肯定沒(méi)去上學(xué)。上學(xué)。 1) -There were

5、already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. - It _ a comfortable journey. A. cant B. shouldnt be C. mustnt have been D. couldnt have been Test yourself 3. 在在疑問(wèn)句疑問(wèn)句中只能用中只能用 can (could)。 1) The head teacher isnt here. Where can he have gone? 班主任不在這里，他會(huì)上哪里去呢？班主任不在這里，他會(huì)上哪里去呢？2) S

6、he is two hours late. What _ to her? A. may happen B. is happening C. can have happened D. must have happened II.責(zé)備。責(zé)備。對(duì)對(duì)過(guò)去已發(fā)生過(guò)去已發(fā)生的事情進(jìn)行責(zé)備的事情進(jìn)行責(zé)備 和抱怨。和抱怨。1. could have done 只用于只用于肯定句肯定句中，中， 表示表示“本來(lái)能做某事但沒(méi)有做本來(lái)能做某事但沒(méi)有做”。1) - I stayed at a hotel while in New York. - Oh, did you？You _ with Barbara. A. co

7、uld have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed2. might have done 表示表示“過(guò)去本可能發(fā)生過(guò)去本可能發(fā)生 但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的動(dòng)作但實(shí)際上沒(méi)有發(fā)生的動(dòng)作”。表示說(shuō)話人。表示說(shuō)話人 對(duì)已發(fā)生的事提出批評(píng)或意見(jiàn)。對(duì)已發(fā)生的事提出批評(píng)或意見(jiàn)。2) He _ you more help, even though he was very busy. A. might have given B. might give C. may have given D. may give1) You might have

8、told me the news earlier. 你本可能早些把消息告訴我。你本可能早些把消息告訴我。3) - How exciting! I drove my new car at a speed of 110 km/h on Sunday morning. - Were you crazy? You _ yourself! A. must have killed B. should have killed C. might have killed D. need have killed3. should have done (含有責(zé)備的意思含有責(zé)備的意思) ought to have d

9、one (是職責(zé)和義務(wù)是職責(zé)和義務(wù)) 過(guò)去本該做某事而未做過(guò)去本該做某事而未做1) The plant is dead. I _ it more water. A. will give B. would have given C. must give D. should have given2) There was a lot of fun at yesterdays party. You _ have come, but why didnt you? A. must B. shouldnt C. neednt D. ought toshould not have done (含有責(zé)備的意思含

10、有責(zé)備的意思)ought not to have done (是職責(zé)和義務(wù)是職責(zé)和義務(wù)) 過(guò)去某事本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做而做了過(guò)去某事本來(lái)不應(yīng)該做而做了1) She should not have stopped her work halfway. 她不該中途停止工作不干。她不該中途停止工作不干。2) Tom ought not to _ me your secret, but he meant no harm. A. have told B. tell C. be telling D. having told4. neednt have done 表示表示“過(guò)去做了過(guò)去做了 不必做的事不必做的事”，“

11、本來(lái)不必本來(lái)不必”。1) There was plenty of time. She _. A. mustnt have hurried B. neednt have hurried C. must not hurry D. couldnt have hurried2) -I saw Jim at the meeting yesterday. -Did you? I think he _ have attended for he is an expert. A. mustnt B. shouldnt C. neednt D. couldnt3) -Mr. Smith didnt come la

12、st night, did he? -No, we _ for him. A whole night was wasted. A. couldnt have waited B. neednt have to wait C. didnt need to wait D. neednt have waited二、二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have done 結(jié)構(gòu)的結(jié)構(gòu)的 簡(jiǎn)略回答要用簡(jiǎn)略回答要用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have1) -You ought to have called her yesterday. -Yes, I know I ought to have.2) - I didnt see her y

13、esterday. -Of course, you _ , because she had gone on a trip. Amust have Bmay not have Ccant have Dmustnt have 3) -Did you go to the party last night? -I _ , but I had an unexpected visitor. A. would have B. would go C. was going to have D. should have三、三、must 或或 can 表示表示“推測(cè)推測(cè)”時(shí)的時(shí)的反意問(wèn)句反意問(wèn)句。1. 對(duì)純粹對(duì)純粹

14、過(guò)去動(dòng)作過(guò)去動(dòng)作猜測(cè)，作猜測(cè)，作一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 處理。處理。1) He cant have done such a thing yesterday, did he?2) You must have seen him off yesterday, didnt you?2. 對(duì)含有對(duì)含有現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作猜測(cè)，作猜測(cè)，作現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 處理。處理。1) You must have studied English for many years, havent you?2) He cant have finished work yet, has he?四、表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè)

15、四、表示對(duì)過(guò)去某時(shí)正發(fā)生的事情的推測(cè) 時(shí)，可用時(shí)，可用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+have been doing1) -Why didnt you answer my phone call? -Well, I must have been sleeping. So I didnt hear it.I. 推測(cè)推測(cè)II.責(zé)備責(zé)備。1. must have done (表肯定性推測(cè)表肯定性推測(cè)) “肯定肯定,準(zhǔn)是準(zhǔn)是” cant /couldnt have done (表否定性推測(cè)表否定性推測(cè))“不可能不可能”2. may/might have done (表可能性推測(cè)表可能性推測(cè))可能可能,也許也許3. s

16、hould/ought to have done (表本該做而實(shí)際未做的事表本該做而實(shí)際未做的事) shouldnt/oughtnt to have done (表本不該做而實(shí)際已做的事表本不該做而實(shí)際已做的事)4. neednt have done (表本不必做而實(shí)際己做表本不必做而實(shí)際己做,造成浪費(fèi)造成浪費(fèi),遺憾遺憾,不好后果不好后果。) Sum up 用用表示表示猜測(cè)猜測(cè)的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must, may, might, can, could, ought to, should, neednt的的 適當(dāng)形式填空：適當(dāng)形式填空：1. He _(not go) to Beijing, for I had a talk with him just now.2. You _(no