高中英語(yǔ)必修四第一單元知識(shí)點(diǎn)

1、Unit 1Women of achievementWarming up(language points)1. dress as 打扮成打扮成2. drive sb. out of 把某人驅(qū)趕出把某人驅(qū)趕出3. be put to death 被處死被處死 be sentenced to death 被判死刑被判死刑4. concern oneself with 使使關(guān)心關(guān)心(某事某事) 我們必須關(guān)心環(huán)境問(wèn)題。我們必須關(guān)心環(huán)境問(wèn)題。be concerned about/for 擔(dān)心擔(dān)心5. be/ become a specialist in 成為成為方面的專家方面的專家We must con

2、cern ourselves with the environmental problemsUnit 1Women of achievementReading(language points)1. Following Janes way of studying chimps, our group are all going to visit them in the forest.Following Janes way of studying chimps是現(xiàn)是現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。在分詞作狀語(yǔ)，表示伴隨狀態(tài)。He sat in the armchair, reading a newsp

3、aper. 現(xiàn)在分詞可作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)現(xiàn)在分詞可作定語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)、補(bǔ)語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ):He saw a flying bird. His friend died, leaving him a lot of money. I saw him singing just now.The match is exciting. 2. behave 1) vi. 表現(xiàn)表現(xiàn)她表現(xiàn)出了很大的勇氣。她表現(xiàn)出了很大的勇氣。She behaved with great courage.【拓展】【拓展】behavio(u)r n. 舉止舉止; 行為行為behave oneself 守規(guī)矩守規(guī)矩,有禮貌有禮貌behave

4、well / badly 行為好行為好/不好不好根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成英語(yǔ)句子。根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示完成英語(yǔ)句子。1) 你今天在晚會(huì)上守規(guī)矩了嗎你今天在晚會(huì)上守規(guī)矩了嗎?Did you _ at the party today? 2) 這孩子在校行為良好。這孩子在校行為良好。The child _ at school. 3) behave yourself behaved well 他對(duì)顧客的態(tài)度不好。他對(duì)顧客的態(tài)度不好。He _ to the customers.behaved badly3. Watching a family of chimps wake up is our 今天我們的第一件事是今天我

5、們的第一件事是動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)主語(yǔ)是由不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句構(gòu)成的主語(yǔ)是由不定式、動(dòng)名詞、從句構(gòu)成的, 謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)。謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞采用單數(shù)。 Working with you is pleasant.Seeing is believing. 4. This means going back to the place where we left the family sleeping in a tree the night before.1) mean doing sth. 意味著做某事意味著做某事 mean to do sth. 打算做某事打算做某事- I didnt mean _ he

6、r. - But talking like that means _ her. A. to hurt; to hurt B. hurting; hurting C. to hurt; hurting D. hurting; to hurt C1. What do you mean _ (do ) with it? 2. _ (miss) the train means _ (wait) for another two hours. to doMissingwaiting英語(yǔ)中還有一些動(dòng)詞后接英語(yǔ)中還有一些動(dòng)詞后接to do和和doing時(shí)意義不一樣時(shí)意義不一樣 stop to do 停止、中斷

7、做某事后去做另一件事停止、中斷做某事后去做另一件事stop doing 停止做某事停止做某事 forget to do 忘記要去做某事忘記要去做某事forget doing 忘記做過(guò)某事忘記做過(guò)某事 regret to do 對(duì)將要做的事抱歉，對(duì)將要做的事抱歉，regret doing 對(duì)做過(guò)的事遺憾、后悔對(duì)做過(guò)的事遺憾、后悔 try to do 努力、企圖做某事努力、企圖做某事try doing 試驗(yàn)、試著做某事試驗(yàn)、試著做某事 go on to do 做完一件事后，接著做另一件事做完一件事后，接著做另一件事go on doing 繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事 Complete each

8、 sentence in the correctform of the given word.1. The light in the office is still on. I forgot _ (turn) it off. 2. Ill never forget _(see) the musical comedy in New York. 3. Remember _ ( meet) me tonight. 4. I remember _ (take) to Beijing when I was a child. 5. I regret _ (inform) you that you are

9、dismissed. 6. I regret _ ( not take ) his advice. to turnseeingto meetbeing takento informnot taking4.This means going back to a place where we left the chimp family sleeping in a tree the night before.2) leave vt.留下留下他把他的帽子留在教室里。他把他的帽子留在教室里。使使處于處于 leave sth. adj.Dont leave the door open! !leave+sb.

10、+ doing sth. “讓某人做某事讓某人做某事” 她讓嬰兒一直哭了個(gè)晚上。她讓嬰兒一直哭了個(gè)晚上。leave sth. done Dont leave the work half done.He left his hat in the classroom.She left the baby crying the whole night.不要半途而廢。不要半途而廢。5. in the shade of 在樹蔭下在樹蔭下 (P2L8)6. move off 離開；啟程；出發(fā)離開；啟程；出發(fā) (P2L9) move into 搬進(jìn)搬進(jìn) move on 前進(jìn)；繼續(xù)前進(jìn)；繼續(xù)7. Jane war

11、ns that our group is going to be very tired and dirty by (P2L11)warn sb. of sth. 警告警告/ /告誡某人某事告誡某人某事warn sb. against sth. 警告警告/ /告誡某人不要做某事告誡某人不要做某事warn sb. (not) to do sth. 警告警告/ /告誡某人告誡某人( (不不) )要做要做某事某事The doctor warned him against smoking / not to smoke. The people were warned of the danger of an

12、 earthquake.He was warned that he would die from cancer.8. But the evening makes it all worthwhile.(P2L12)1) worthwhile: adj. 值得值得(花精力、時(shí)間、金錢花精力、時(shí)間、金錢) 的的 Mandela struggle is very worthwhile（表語(yǔ)）（表語(yǔ)）. That was a worthwhile （定語(yǔ)）（定語(yǔ)）trip. Its worthwhile doing/to do sth. 2) worth: adj. 值得的值得的 be (well) w

13、orth + n. / doing sth.3) worthy: adj. 值得的值得的 be worthy to be done be worthy of + being done / n. Complete the sentences with worth, worthy or worthwhile.1) Her achievements are _ of the highest praise.2) Hangzhou is a beautiful place; it is _ going / to go there.3) The problem is _ to be considered.

14、4) The new bike is _ 350 yuan.5) He is a teacher _ of great respect.6) It is _ to ask him to join the club.7) The picture is _ taking good care of.8) The scheme is well _ a try.worthyworthwhileworthyworthworthyworthwhileworthworth9. we watch the mother chimp and her babies play in the tree. （P2L13)

15、我們看到黑猩猩媽媽跟她的幼子們?cè)跇渖衔覀兛吹胶谛尚蓩寢尭挠鬃觽冊(cè)跇渖?玩耍。玩耍。 in the tree 指樹本身以外的事物或人指樹本身以外的事物或人 附著在樹上附著在樹上, 如鳥等動(dòng)物如鳥等動(dòng)物; on the tree 指樹本身生長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的東西指樹本身生長(zhǎng)出來(lái)的東西, 如果如果 實(shí)、花等。實(shí)、花等。observe vt. 觀察觀察(感官動(dòng)詞感官動(dòng)詞) observe sb do sth 注意到某人做了某事注意到某人做了某事(表示動(dòng)作全過(guò)程表示動(dòng)作全過(guò)程)observe sb doing sth 注意到某人正在做某事注意到某人正在做某事 (表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行表示動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行)我看到這個(gè)男孩

16、正在河邊玩。我看到這個(gè)男孩正在河邊玩。我看到這個(gè)男孩走進(jìn)了教室。我看到這個(gè)男孩走進(jìn)了教室。10. Jane spent many years observing and recording their daily activities.I observe the boy playing by the river.I observe the boy go into the classroom.observe用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí)用作被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)時(shí), 作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的作主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的不定式須帶不定式須帶to。 有人注意到她走進(jìn)銀行。有人注意到她走進(jìn)銀行。 She was observed to enter the

17、 bank. vt. 遵守遵守, 順從順從=obey law/custom/rules我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。我們必須遵守交通規(guī)則。We must _. vt. 慶祝慶祝(節(jié)日等節(jié)日等)=celebrate你們國(guó)家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？你們國(guó)家的人慶祝圣誕節(jié)嗎？Do you _ in yourcountry?observe the traffic rulesobserve Christmas Day observation n. 觀察觀察; 監(jiān)視監(jiān)視 observer n. 觀察者觀察者; 遵守者遵守者 11. Only after her mother came to help herfor th

18、e first few months was she allowed tobegin her project. (P2L18)Only +狀語(yǔ)狀語(yǔ)(從句從句), 放在句首時(shí)放在句首時(shí), 主句要主句要用部分倒裝用部分倒裝, 即把助動(dòng)詞即把助動(dòng)詞do、does 或或did/動(dòng)詞動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞系動(dòng)詞be 提到主語(yǔ)前面。提到主語(yǔ)前面。只有這樣只有這樣, 我們才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。我們才能學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。Only in this way can we learn English better. 如果句子為主從復(fù)合句如果句子為主從復(fù)合句, 則主句倒裝則主句倒裝, 從句從句不倒裝。不倒裝。Only after new Ch

19、ina was founded was he able to go to school. Only when he grew older did he understand it.但當(dāng)?shù)?dāng)only在句首修飾句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí)在句首修飾句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí), 不用倒裝不用倒裝語(yǔ)序。語(yǔ)序。Only you understand me. 只有你了解我。只有你了解我。Only Mary and Tom failed in the exam.I failed in the final examination last term and only then _ the importance of studies. A.

20、 I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realizeD12. She also discovered how chimps communicate with each other and her study of their body language helped her work out their social system.(P2L23)1) I cant work out the meaning of the poem. 2) Things have worked out badly.3) Work out

21、his income.4) Work out a plan.(理解理解)(發(fā)展發(fā)展, 進(jìn)行進(jìn)行)( (算出算出) )( (制定制定, ,擬訂擬訂) )13. For forty years Jane Goodall has been outspoken about making the rest of the world understand and respect the life of these animals.(P2L24)1) outspoken adj. 直言不諱的直言不諱的be outspoken about 對(duì)對(duì)坦白坦白The teacher is outspoken abou

22、t Toms faults in the presence of his parents.2) the rest of: 它之后可以接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)它之后可以接不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù) 名詞名詞, 但要注意含義但要注意含義, 以便決定后面動(dòng)詞的以便決定后面動(dòng)詞的 單復(fù)數(shù)形式。單復(fù)數(shù)形式。e.g. The rest of the money was given to his son.The rest of the apple was thrown away.The rest of the apples were sent to the nursing home.The factory used 65

23、percent of the raw materials, the rest of which _ saved for other purposes. （2011安徽卷）安徽卷） A. is B. are C. was D. were 解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致。本句是一個(gè)非解析：考查時(shí)態(tài)與主謂一致。本句是一個(gè)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which指代前面的指代前面的raw materials，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，同時(shí)，所以謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，同時(shí)前面是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里用前面是過(guò)去時(shí)，所以這里用were。D3) respect在句中用作動(dòng)詞在句中用作動(dòng)詞, 表示表示“尊重尊重; 尊敬尊

24、敬”。 He is a man whom I believe we should respect. 我相信他是個(gè)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)尊敬的人。我相信他是個(gè)我們應(yīng)當(dāng)尊敬的人。 I do not respect him because he often tells lies. 我不尊敬他我不尊敬他, 因?yàn)樗?jīng)常撒謊。因?yàn)樗?jīng)常撒謊?！就卣埂俊就卣埂縭espect vt.“尊敬尊敬; 敬重敬重”。respect sb. for sth.e.g. They respected him for his ability. 常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)短語(yǔ): show/ have (a great)respect for 對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬

25、表示尊敬earn ones respect 贏得尊重贏得尊重根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示, 完成完成下列句子。下列句子。 The professor is a specialist in the research of ancient literature and we all _ (對(duì)對(duì)表示尊敬表示尊敬) him.show respect for14. She has argued that wild animals should beleft in the wild and not used for entertainment or advertisements.(P2L25)同某人辯論某事同某人辯論某事argue with sb. about/over sth.為反對(duì)為反對(duì)而辯論而辯論argue against為為辯護(hù)辯護(hù)argue for說(shuō)服某人做說(shuō)服某人做(不做不做)某事某事argue sb into / out of doing sth 15. lead a life 表示表示“過(guò)著過(guò)著的生活的生活” e.g. My parents are retired and now lead a quiet