(完整word)新人教版八年級英語下冊知識點歸納,推薦文檔

1、八年級英語下冊知識點第1頁共 17 頁新人教版八年級英語下冊知識點歸納Unit 1 Whats the matter?重點短語：have a stomachachehave a coldlie dow ntake one s temperaturehave a fevergo to a doctorto one s surpriseagree to (do sth.)get into troublebe used totake risksrun out (of)cut offget out ofbe in con trol ofkeep on ( doing sth)give up語言知識歸納

2、：1. What s the matter (with you)?此句用來詢問別人的病情。類似的句子還有：What s wrong with you?/ What s the trouble?matter 作動詞用，意為 要緊”有關系”，主要用于疑問句和否定句What does it matter? It doesn t matter.【例題】Does it_ if we can t finish it today?A. mi nd B. minds C. matterD. matters2. I have a sore throat.have 患病”，常用“ have a /an 名詞”.h

3、ave a coldhave a feverhave a stomachachehave a cough【例題】( )-Does he often have_cold?throat.A. a; has B. /; has C. a; have D. /; have3.Lie down and rest!躺下休息lie down 躺下單詞詞義過去式過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞lie說謊liedliedlyi nglie躺，平放laylainlying4. That s probably wh 那可能就是原因。probably 意為 很可能，大概”，表示的可能性很大，是一種近乎肯定的意思。5. hurt v.

4、使受傷；傷害；疼痛He hurt his leg whe n he fell.他摔傷的時候傷了腿。My feelings were hurt when he didn t ask me t 他沒 e 有 aft我參加聚會使我很傷心。6. The bus driver, 24-year-old Wang Pi ng.公交車司機，24 歲的王平.24-year-old 是用連字符連接數(shù)字和名詞所構成的一個形容詞結構，意思是“ 2 夠的(名詞必須用單數(shù)，常用在名詞前做定語)【例題】 A_girl named DongXinyi looked after her disabled father.A.

5、three-year-old B. three-years-old C. Three years old7. expect vt.期待；預期；期盼 expect 的常見用法：expect+名詞/代詞The old man is expecting his daghter vSit.have a sore back-Yes. He also_ a cough and a sore八年級英語下冊知識點第2頁共 17 頁expect to do sth.I expect to get a birthday prese nt from my dad.expect sb. to do sth.Do yo

6、u expect him to teach you En glish?expect + 從句I expect that you will get there soon.【辨析】expect 與 look forward to兩者都有期待的意思 look forward to doi ng sth.I m looking forward to seeing Tom.8. But to his surprise.但是令他吃驚的是 .to one s surprises令人驚奇的是 .”，相當于 主語+be+surprised ”To his surprise, he found the girl

7、was bind.=He was surprised to find the girl was bli nd.令他驚奇的是，他發(fā)現(xiàn)這個女孩是個盲人?！就卣埂縤n surprise 表示驚奇的”，相當于副詞性短語，用來修飾動詞。The two girls looked at each other in surprise.那兩個女孩驚奇地互相看著。 be surprised a 表示 對.感到驚訝”。We are very surprised at the n ews 聽 至 U 這個消息，我們很詫異。 surprising 表示使人驚奇的”，作表語時，主語是事物。9. They don t wa

8、nt any trouble.們不想惹麻煩。1trouble 用作名詞，意為 煩惱，困難，麻煩，疾病等”。His life is full of trouble.他的生活充滿了煩惱。What s the trouble 怎 么了？2trouble 用作動詞，意為 麻煩，打擾”。I m sryrto trouble you.抱歉打擾你?！就卣埂颗c trouble 相關的短語in trouble 處于困境中get into trouble 陷入困境Have trouble (in) doi ng sth.做某事有困難【例題】-How is your English study?-Not bad.

9、But I_learning English grammar.A. am in terested B. am good at C. have a little trouble D. have no trouble10. 辨析 used to do sth. 與 be used to sth. / doing sth.JJ過去常常習慣于某事/做某事We used to draw pictures badly.You will get used to the weather here.In the en d, I got used to doing hard work.11. 辨析 run out

10、 與 run out of人 + run out ofThey have run out of the water.物 + run out (不可用于被動語態(tài))The money is running out.【例題】選出能代替句中畫線部分的一項()Yesterday I used up all the salt to cook dumpli ngs. I n eed to buy some now.A. ate upB. run out ofC. ran ofD. ran out of12. make decisions = make a decision 作出決定decision 為 de

11、cide 的名詞形式make a decisi on to do sth. = decide to do sth.13. be in control of 管理；控制A teacher should be in control of his class.重點語法：情態(tài)動詞 should 的用法八年級英語下冊知識點第3頁共 17 頁(1)should 后接動詞原形，變否定句在 should 后加 not,變一般疑問句時將 should 提前。(2) should 常用于以下兩種情況：1 提出建議You looked tired. You should lie dow n and rest.2 表

12、推測，意為該，按理應當”。Wait a minu te. I thi nk he should come in a minute.Un it 2 III help to clea n up the city parks.重點短語：clea n upby on eselfcheer upput offgive output onused togive awaytake afterset upmake a differe neecare forcome up with語言知識歸納：1. give out 分發(fā)，發(fā)放【拓展】give 構成的短語還有：give away 贈給，贈送give in 屈服

13、，投降give up 放棄give off 發(fā)出（氣味、光、熱等）2. come up with 提出，想出表示想出或提出”，相當于 think ofI think she can come up with a good idea（2）come up with 還可表示 趕上”相當于 catch up with.We should study hard to come up with them【例題】（）We must_ a plan to improve your math.A. pick up B. catch up with C. come up with D. make up3. I

14、run out of it.我已經(jīng)把它用完了。run out of 表示 用完，用光”，其主語一般是人?！就卣埂縭un out of 還可表示 從.跑出來”。Bill ran out of the room. Bill 從房間里跑出來。run 構成的短語還有run away 逃走run after 追趕run into difficulties 遇到困難【例題】（）When your money_ , please come to me for some.A. runs out of B. runs out C. is running out of D. is run out4. I take

15、 after my mother 我長得像我媽媽?！颈嫖觥縯ake after 與 look liketake after 意為長得像，行為、性格等像”尤其是像自己的長輩。The boy takes after his father.這個男孩長得像他爸爸。look like 可以用于所有場合，既可指人也可指物，僅指外表看上去像。The man looks like our teacher.這個男的看起來像我們的老師。The rain bow looks like a bridge.彩虹看上去像一座橋。【拓展】take 構成的短語take uptake offtake place八年級英語下冊知

16、識點第4頁共 17 頁take one s timetake care【例題】（ ）-You ve really beautiful blond hair. -Thank you. I_ my mother.A. look after B. take after C. take from D. look for5. set up 倉 U 辦，建立set up 為副詞短語，與 start, establish 同義They ve set up a compa n 他們創(chuàng)辦了一家公司。與 set 相關的短語還有：set out 動身，開始（做某事）set off 出發(fā)，引起，激發(fā)6. You he

17、lped to make it possible for me to have lucky.對我來說，有了你的幫助，我才有可能擁有 Lucky.it 是形式賓語You made it possible for me to catch up with others.你讓我有可能趕上其他人?！纠}】（）He found_ hard to go to sleep with the light on.A. it B. that C. he D. him7. Lucky makes a big differenee to my life.Lucky 對我的生活產(chǎn)生了很大的影響。make a big di

18、fference 意為 對.產(chǎn)生很大的影響” difference 在此為 影響”的意思。【例題】（ ）The heavy snow didn t_ the international airlines.A. pay attention to B. add to C. make a difference to D. keep to8. imagi ne v.想象，假想；以為，認為imagine （v.想象）imagination （n.想象）imaginative （adj.富于想象力的）9. help. out 幫. 克服困難，幫. 分擔工作The teacher often helps h

19、is stude nts out 那位老師經(jīng)常幫他的學生解決問題。10. be excited about.對.興奮I m excited about the game of Li N 我對李娜的比賽感到興奮。exciting 修飾物重點語法：動詞短語動詞短語主要有以下四種構成形式：動詞+介詞這類動詞短語主要有： agree with, ask for, arrive at, hear of, look at, take after, liste n t 等。這類動詞后的賓語無論是名詞還是代詞，都要放在介詞之后。I m looking for my pen.Don t laugh at the

20、 poor man.動詞+副詞這類動詞短語有： find out, give out, look up, put on, turn on/off, wake up, work out 等。這類動詞后面的賓語是名詞時，名詞可放在副詞前面或后面；賓語是代詞時，代詞只能放在 副詞前面。Please pick up the pen.= Please pick the pen up.It took him two hours to work it out.（3）動詞+名詞+介詞這類動詞短語有： have a look at, make friends with, pay attention to, ta

21、ke care of, look forward to 等。在這類動詞短語中，賓語都放在介詞之后。You should pay more atte nti on to your pronun ciati on.（4）動詞+形容詞+介詞這類動詞短語有： be angry with, be busy with, be good for, be differe nt from, be in terested in, be goodat 等。八年級英語下冊知識點第5頁共 17 頁【例題】（1） （ ） When you don t know a word, you canin the dictiona

22、ry.A. look it up B. set it up C. give it up D. pick it up（2） （ ） We will have dinner at the restaura nt, which is famousits sea food.A. of B. to C. for D.asUn it 3 Could you please clea n your room?重點短語:take out the rubbishmake the bedall the timeborrow some moneyhelp with houseworkhang out witha wa

23、ste of timein order toas.as.take care ofin surprisedo the dishesas a result語言知識歸納:1. work on 從事于；著手干The writer is worki ng on a new book.那位作家正在寫一本新書。She is goi ng to work on her physics project.她打算從事她的物理項目。【例題】（ ）The scientists are_ inventing some methods of producing electricity.A. worki ng onB. wo

24、rki ng out C. worki ng at D. worki ng for2. at least 至少at least 修飾時間、距離、長度等，以加強語氣。翻譯短語位 at most 意為至多，最多”。He kept me waiting at least an hour.There were fifty people there at most.3. all the time 一直；總是Things are cha nging all the time 事 情一直在變化?！就卣埂縯ime 相關的短語on time 準日寸at the same time 同日寸in time 及日寸F

25、rom time to time 彳禺爾the first time 第次【例題】選出能代替句中劃線部分的一項。（）I always go shopping on Friday.A. all the time B. all the same C.all along D. all the way5. I m just as tired as you ar 我和你一樣累。as.as 意為 和. 一樣”表示同級比較。as.as 中間要用形容詞或副詞原級。This story is as in teresti ng as that one 這個故事和那個一樣有趣。否定式為 not as/so.as 意

26、為 不如. ”。The garde n is not so beautiful as you thought. 【例題】（）He speaks French well, but of course not_a person born in France.A.as clear as B. clearer tha nC. as clearly as D. the more clearly6. For one week, she did not do any housework and neither did 一個星期，她不做家務，我也不做家 務。so,n either 倒裝句型So +助動詞/ b

27、e 動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語Neither +助動詞/ be 動詞/情態(tài)動詞+主語這兩種結構常用來說明前面所說的情況，后面某人（物）也是這樣。助動詞 / be 動詞/情態(tài)動詞 在形式上與前句的謂語保持一致，而其單復形式由后句的主語決定。So 依附于肯定句，n either依附于否定句。八年級英語下冊知識點第6頁共 17 頁Bill watched TV last n ight. So did Ann.Lily isn t a teacher. Neither is Mary.【例題】（）-I never drink coffee. -_.A.So do I B. So did I C. Neith

28、er did I D. Neither do I7. 辨析 borrow 與 lendborrow sth. from sb.向某人借（入）某物八年級英語下冊知識點第7頁共 17 頁lend sth. to sb. / lend sb. sth.把某物借給某人【注】borrow,lend 都是非延續(xù)性動詞，如果要表示借多長時間”要用 keep。【例題】（ ）Although you like the book, you may only_it for two weeks.A. borrow B. keep C. le ndD. stay8. spendv.花費（金錢；時間）spe nd +錢/

29、時間+ on sth. 在.上花費時間或金錢spe nd +時間+（ in） doi ng sth.花時間做某事【例題】（）Yang Feng_ every Saturday after noon volun teeri ng in an old peopleA. costs B. takes C. pays D. spends8. provide v.提供；給予The restaura nt provide the best service.The parents provide the children with food and clothes.The schools provide d

30、esks and chairs for the stude nts.【例題】（）To protect the environment,supermarkets donA. take B. show C. provide D. carry10. depend on 依靠；依賴；相信depe nd on 為固定短語，不能用進行時態(tài)，也不可用被動語態(tài)As we know, good results depe nd on hard work.You can t depend on your parents forever.10. The earlier kids learn to be indepen

31、dent, the better it is for their future 孩子越早學會獨立，對他們 的將來就越好。the +比較級.，the +比較級. 越就越”The harder you work at your study, the better grades you will have.【例題】（ ）-There was thick haze 霧霾）in our city this spring. What do you think of it ?-I thi nk_ cars we drive,_ pollutio n our city will have.A. the few

32、er; the fewerB. the fewer; the lessC. The more; the fewerD. the more; the less11. in order to 的用法（1） in order to 意為 為了”，強調目的，后接動詞原形。In order to let the students hear him, he spoke loudly.We have to study hard in order to pass the exam.In order not to be late for school, she took a taxi.含 in order to

33、 的句子可以轉變?yōu)橛?so that 或 in order that 引導的狀語從句。She ran quickly in order to catch the bus.She ran quickly in order that she could catch the bus.She ran quickly so that she could catch the bus.12. as a result 的用法as a result 用于引出結果，常用于兩個句子之間，其中一個是另一個的結果，且前后用標點符 號將兩個句子隔開，意為 結果是”。He didn t listen carefully.

34、As a result, he couldn t work out the maths problem.【注】as a result of 的意思是 由于，因為”，相當于 because o。Peter was late as a result of the heavy rain.= Peter was late because of the heavy rai n. 【例provide sth.彳 provide sb. with vide sth. for sb.t_ free plastic bags to shoppers八年級英語下冊知識點第8頁共 17 頁題】（）Th

35、e boy studied hard. _ , he passed the exam.A. la fact B. On time C. After all D. As a result八年級英語下冊知識點第9頁共 17 頁Un it 4 Why dont youtalk to your pare nts?重點短語：look throughcut outa big dealcom muni catewith in stead of語言知識歸納：get on within one s opinionget into a fightcall sb. up1. Why don t you talk t

36、o your parents?Why don t you do sth.= Why not do sth 為什么不“?”【拓展】提出建議的句型1What/How about doi ng sth.?做某事怎么樣？2Shall we do sth.?我們做某事好嗎？3You d better( not) do sth 你最好(不)做某事。4Why don t you do sth.為什么不做某事呢？5Would you mi nd doi ng sth.?你介意做某事嗎？2. allow v.允許，許可1allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事 “My pare nts allow

37、 me to play computer game on weeke nds.2allow doing sth.允許做某事”She doesn t allow smoking in her house.3allow+名詞We can t allow such a thi ng.【例題】（）Do you often allow_ until 11:00 p.m.A. to stay up B. stay up C. stay ing up D. and stay up3. work out 產(chǎn)生.效果，進展 .Th ings worked out quite well for us.對我們來說，

38、事情進展很好。He worked out the maths problem.他算出了這道數(shù)學題。Can you work out the problem alo ne?你一個人能把問題搞清楚嗎？4. com muni catev.交流信息； 溝通I can t com muni cate with them at the momettt 刻 我無法同他們進行交流。com muni cati on n.交流People can t get on well with each other without com muni cati 沒 n 有交流，人們就無法相處得好?！纠}】選出能代替句中劃線部

39、分的一項。（ ）People choose to keep in touch with their frie nds by e-mail. A. write B. read C.agree D.com muni cate5. arguevi.爭論；爭吵argue with sb.與某人爭論Don t argue with your pare nts 不要和你的父母爭論。argue 的名詞形式是“ argument ” , have an argument with 與某人辯論。Alice hand an argume nt with her best friend.【例題】（）1 never

40、argue_ my parents.work outcompare.withso that no t.until.八年級英語下冊知識點第10頁共 17 頁A.in B.to C.for D.with6. insteadadv.代替，頂替八年級英語下冊知識點第11頁共 17 頁If you are busy, you may come ano ther day in stead. 【辨析】in stead 與 in stead ofin stead副詞舍前取后，可單獨使用，位于句首或句末。in stead of介詞短語舍后取前，后面常跟名詞，代詞及動詞ing。He did n t an swer

41、. He asked his father in stead.We eat rice in stead of no odles.【例題】（）What a nice day! We should go sightseeing_ watching TV in the hotel.A.because of B. in stead of C.together with D.out7. offer v.提供；提出；建議1offer 做提供”講時，可接雙賓語。offer sth. to sb.= offer sb. sth.向某人提供某物The waitress offered a cup of tea

42、to the man.= The waitress offered the man a cup of tea.2offer 還有 提出，建議”的意思，其后接不定式，表示主動提出做某事。The old man offered to lend the boy some mon ey.【例題】（）The little boy_ his seat to an old lady on the crowded bus.A. lent B. offered C. took D. brought8. And they are always comparing them with other pare 作動詞，

43、意為 比較，和. 相比”1compare.with.把.同.相比較Parents shouldn t always compare theiiriidith others. 父母們不該總是把自己的孩子同別人相比較。2compare.to.扌巴.比作.People ofte n compare the life to a stage 人們常把生活比作一個舞臺?！纠}】（ ）My handwriting can not be compared_ my father s.A. to B. with C. on D.for11. My cousin borrows my things without

44、returning them.1return 意為歸還”其后可接雙賓語return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb.Don t forget to return me the keys.2return 還有 返回”的意思，相當于 go back,后接地點時需要介詞 to。He returned to Shanghai a week ago.【例題】那本書你還給圖書館了嗎？Did you_ the bookthe library?（ ）I don t know when we will_ Hong Kong.A. return back B. return to C.

45、return back to D.return八年級英語下冊知識點第12頁共 17 頁Un it 5 What were you doing whe n the rain storm came?1. while 當.的時候作連詞引導時間狀語從句，在 while 引導的從句中，其謂語動詞只能是延續(xù)性動詞，強調主從 句中的動作或狀態(tài)同時發(fā)生。While I was watchi ng TV, some one kno eked at the door.when 意為 當.時”動作有一前一后的意思。When I passed that room I heard some one singing.wh

46、ile 作連詞時也可理解為 然而”表示轉折關系。I like apples while my sister doesn t.【例題】()Tom likes reading a newspaper_he is having breakfast.A.u ntilB.while C.beeause D.though( )Mary was talk ing on the phone_some one kno eked at the door.A.while B.before C.whe n D.after2. make sure 查明；確信1make sure of sth.2make sure to

47、 do sth.3make sure that + 從句【例題】( )Read your English paper again and_there is no mistake in it before you hand it in.A.make sure B.turn up C.eome out D.look for3. I got to the bus stop but I still missed the bus.get 意為 到達”時，是不及物動詞，后面跟地點名詞時，要加介詞to。How can I get to the n earest supermarket ?表示 到達”的三種形

48、式：1arrive 意為到達at +小地點arrive in +大地點2get to 后接地點名詞。He got to school at 7:00 this morning.3reach 意為到達”是及物動詞，后面直接跟地點名詞。Whe n did you reach America?【例題】()Please write to me as soon as you_your school.A.get to B.reach to C.arrive D.come( )-Whe n did your aunt_in Shandong? -Yesterday after noon.A.reach B.

49、get C.arrive D.come4. People often remember what they were doing when they heard the news of important events in重點短語：go offdie dow ntake dow nin a messbasketball competition語言知識歸納：pick upmake one s way atfirstthe rest ofas wellfall asleepin sile neewait forhave meaning tomake sure八年級英語下冊知識點第13頁共 17

50、頁history.hear 動詞，意為 聽說”常用結構為：1hear sb. do sth. 聽見某人做某事2hear sb. doing sth.聽見某人正在做某事3hear of/about sb. /sth.聽說某人或某事4hear from sb.收到某人的來信5hear + that 從句 聽說.【例題】( )Tom likes to_ others but he never writes to them.A.hear B.hear of C.hear about D.hear from( )-Whe n did you_ the n ews? -Just now.A.hear ab

51、out B.hear from C.heardD.heari ng八年級英語下冊知識點第14頁共 17 頁5. I played the song without any mistakes.without 介詞，意為無；沒有”其反義詞為 with,后接名詞、代詞或動詞 ingFish can t live without water.He went to work without hav ing breakfast.【例題】她沒敲門就進了房間。She en tered the room_ at the door.你不戴眼鏡能看得清Can you see clearly_ your_Unit 6

52、 An old man tried to move the mountains.重點短語：be born語言知識歸納:2. try 的用法1try to do sth.盡力做某事 He is tryi ng to lear n En glish.2try doing sth.試著做某事You should try tak ing more exercise.3try one s bes 盡力I ll try my best to help him.4try on 試穿 Would you like to try this dress on?2. remi nd vt.使想起，提醒1remind

53、 sb. of/about sth.使某人想起某事 The song rem ind me of my childhood.2remi nd sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事 Peter rem in ded her to atte nd the meeti ng on time.4. What do you think of .? 你認為.怎么樣？What do you think of .? = How do you like.?注：think 后接動名詞，like 后接帶 to 的不定式女口： What do you think of going climbing tomor

54、row?=How do you like to go climb ing tomorrow?你認為明天去爬山怎么樣？【例題】（）-_ do you think of the football match?-It s perfect. It s more exciting than_ match that I have ever watched.A. How; any otherB. How; any othersC. What; any otherD. What; any others5. Neither of you is wrong.你們兩個都沒錯。neither 兩者都不；也不e.g.

55、Neither of the ideas is good.I like n either subject.neither 作連詞，表示 既不.也不.”，連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞要遵循就近原則。e.g. Neither you nor he is in this team.Neither he nor I am a teacher.【例題】（）-Which do you prefer, a CD player or a walk man?-_ . I prefer a computer.a little bitin stead oonce upon a timeas soon

56、 asfall in lovein stead ofget marriedgive birth o八年級英語下冊知識點第15頁共 17 頁A. Both B. Either C. None D. Neither5. uni ess 的用法unless 的意思是 除非，如果不”相當于 if not,用來引導條件狀語從句。主句同常用將來時, 從句用一般現(xiàn)在時。八年級英語下冊知識點 第11頁 共 17 頁e.g. You will miss the early bus unless you get up early.We won t go to the cinema tomorr

57、ow unless my mother does.【例題】 ( )We can t be successful _w_e_keep working hard.A.if B.unless C.because D.when6. so.that.如此.以至于.so.that.可以轉化為簡單句，要用 too.to或 not.enough to.句型時，not 后要用原句中的形容 詞或副詞的反義詞。She is so young that she can t look after herself.= She is too young to look after herself.= She is not

58、old enough to look after herself.【例題】 ( )-You study _ hard_ youre sure to pass the exam.-Thank you for saying so. A.enough; to B.as;as C.so; that7. as soon as 一.就.as soon as 為連詞，引導時間狀語從句 當主句是一般將來時或祈使句時，從句通常用一般現(xiàn)在時，簡稱 “主將從現(xiàn) ”。e.g. I ll tell her about the matter as soon as she returns home.I ll ring yo

59、u up as soon as I got to Sanya.【例題】 ( )-Will you please give the dictionary to Jane?-Sure. I llegiitvto her_ she arrives here.A.before B.until C.because D.as soon as8. the whole family 全家whole 的用法1作形容詞，意為 全部的；完整的”the whole night 整夜in the whole world 全世界2作名詞，意為全部，全體，整個”as a whole 作為整體the whole of Chi

60、 na 整個中國【辨析】 whole 與 allwhole 一般位于冠詞、所有格或別的限定詞之后，而 all 則位于這些詞之前all the time/ the whole time 整個時間all my life/ my whole life 我的一生all the class/ the whole class 整個班級【例題】 ( ) Alison has been skating for_ two hours.A.the all B.whole the C.the whole D.all of9. be made of 與 be made from 由.希 9 成1be made of