一般過去時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別練習(xí)題

1、一般過去時(shí)態(tài)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài) 的區(qū)別練習(xí)題1） 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示過去某時(shí) 發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過去的 事情，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài) 中動(dòng)作為過去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過去 的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是 影響。 如:I saw this film yesterday.（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生 過了）I have already seen this film.（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知了） I haven ' tfinished my work yet. （ 強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，還有工作要做，不能去玩 ） Whendid you finishyour homework?（ 詢問過去的動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間

2、， 與現(xiàn)在無關(guān)） 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)表示動(dòng)作在過去已經(jīng)停止； 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)2 表示過去開始的動(dòng)作一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。如： Ann visited her uncle last weekend.（visit 這個(gè)動(dòng)作在過去已經(jīng)停止 ） They havelived here since 1983.（live here 這個(gè)動(dòng)作從1983年開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在）3)一般過去時(shí)態(tài)常用非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞， 如 borrow, buy, come, go,leave, start, die, finish, become 等?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)可表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，與時(shí)間段連用時(shí)動(dòng)詞一般是延續(xù)性的，如 keep, h

3、ave, live, teach, learn, work, study, know, be 等。如： He joined the League three years ago .(join是短暫動(dòng)詞）He has been in the League for three years. （be in 表狀態(tài)，在團(tuán)內(nèi)的狀態(tài)可延續(xù)）Hehas been a League memberfor three years.（是團(tuán)員的狀態(tài)可 延續(xù)）4）一般過去時(shí)態(tài)常與具體的時(shí)間狀語連用，而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)通常與模糊的時(shí)間狀語連用， 或無時(shí)間狀語。一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語：yesterday, lastnight/

4、week/month/year ? ， ?ago, in1980, just now 等，皆為具體的時(shí)間狀語.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)的時(shí)間狀語： for+, since+ 過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)/ 一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的句子 , sofar, , up to now, in the等，皆為不確定的時(shí)間狀語。past years, 如： Tim wrotea letter to his brother last night.（last night 為具體的過去時(shí)間狀語，所以用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)）I 've learned English for three years .（ for three years 為時(shí)間狀語，

5、是個(gè)時(shí)間段，時(shí)間跨度大，不具 體）學(xué)以致用1 When youto learn to skate?-Five years ago.A. do; start B. will; start 現(xiàn)在完 成時(shí)態(tài)詳細(xì)講解及其練習(xí)一、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由“ have/has+ 過去分詞”構(gòu)成，主要有兩個(gè)含義：表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的 影響和結(jié)果， 常用的時(shí)間狀語有 many times ， just ， yet ， ever ， never ， just ，already ， so far, by now 等。I have already watched the TV play.我已經(jīng)看過這部電視劇了。 （現(xiàn)

6、在我對(duì)它不感興趣了）Have you found your lostpen yet? No, I haven ' t found it yet. （我很著急）表示動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)在過去已經(jīng)開始，持續(xù)到 現(xiàn)在，也許還將持續(xù)下去。用于延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞常常與so far 、 for 或者since 短語連用。 since + 時(shí)間點(diǎn) / 從句， for + 時(shí)間段，如fortwo months 等。、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)和一般過去時(shí)態(tài)的區(qū)別1）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和一般過去時(shí) 都能表示過去發(fā)生過的動(dòng)作，但 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示過去動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn) 在的影響，并且表示這一動(dòng)作 已完成或還可能繼續(xù)下去；2）而一般過去時(shí)與現(xiàn)在的情況 沒有

7、聯(lián)系，僅表示過去的動(dòng)作， 且這一動(dòng)作到說話時(shí)已終止。因此現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不能與表示明確的過去時(shí)間如： in1949 ，yesterday ， last week 等的狀語連用， 并且用 when 或 where 對(duì)這些時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)狀語提問時(shí)，一般只用一般過去時(shí)。三、在“ it is first/second.time that. ?！被蛟凇?it/this/that is the + 最高級(jí)+名詞 +that. 。”結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 從句中的動(dòng)詞常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；在“ it + be .+since從句” 這一結(jié)構(gòu)中， be 可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)， since從句一般用過去時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)可以和帶有

8、since或 for 等表示 “一段時(shí)間” 的狀語連用， 表示動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)從某一時(shí)刻開始， 一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在。 如：I haven't seen him for e, arrive, buy 但是，像 等 終止性動(dòng)詞不能與表示“一段時(shí)間”的狀語連用。要用，必須改為“ be （在）”等延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞來表述?，F(xiàn)歸納總結(jié)一下由非延續(xù)性動(dòng) 詞到延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的轉(zhuǎn)換：arrive fbe heredie-be deadbegin(start) be on comebackffallbe backill(sick,asleep) be ill(sick,asleep)leave bea

9、wayget up fbe upfinish be overopen> be openclose fbe closedborrow -keep 或 be或 be a member of ?go to school be aon fbe instudentbuy havecatch(acold)f have(acold)begin to study study getto know> knowcome to work work如： He has been a soldier for three years. 他參軍三年了。His father has been dead for tw

10、o years. 他父親去世二年了。The film has been on for ten minutes. 電影已開始十分鐘了。We have studied English for three years. 我們（開始）學(xué)英語已三年了。幾點(diǎn)注意事項(xiàng)( 1 ) have been(to) 與 have gone( to) 的區(qū)別： have been(to)表示“去過某地（現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)回來了）”，可用于各人稱；have gone（to）表示“去某地了（說話 時(shí)某人不在當(dāng)?shù)兀?，常用于第三人稱，前者可與 once , never,several times 等連 用，后者則不能He has be

11、en to Beijing. 他去過北京（已經(jīng)回來了）He has gone to Beijing . 他去北京了。 （還沒有回來）have/has been in 待在某地如：They have been in Beijing.他們呆在北京。（ 2 ）終止性動(dòng)詞現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式，已變成一種 可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)，因此可以和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連 用。 如：I haven't left here since 1997.自從 1997 年以來，我一直沒有離開過這兒?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)練習(xí)題一 選擇填空。() 2. Her father in1990and her husbandfor more th

12、an five years.(A) died ,dead (B) hasdied, dead(C) died ,has been dead(D) has died, hasdied() 3.I have this nicewatch for two years.(A) had(B) bought (C)borrowed(D) lend) 4.He his home for tenyears.(A)has left(B)left from(C)has been away from(D)was away from) 5.He a league memberfor three years(A)is(

13、B)has been (C)hasbecome (D)have become() 6.Lihua's brother has for two years(A)joined the army (C)become a soldier(D)been in the army(B)been an army() 7.He hasn'tQuanzhouever since he leftschool(A)left (B)beenaway(C)been (D)away二選擇填空. ()1. Have you finished your homeworkYes,I it last night(A

14、)finish(B)finished (C)have finished (D)will finish you everto Nanjing ( )2.Yes,I there last year.(A)Have ?gone, have gone(B)Did ?go, went(C)Have ?been , went(D)Did ?go, has , been )() 3. When youLucy in New York?I her for two years(A)did ?meet, haven't seen(B)did ?meet, don't see(C) have ?me

15、t,haven't seen() 4.He finished hishomework yet .(A) didn ' t(B)haven ' t(C) hasn' t(D) doesn ' t have()5.Have youtraveled on the banch?Yes, I have.(A)just(B)yetC)never (D)ever)6. ( Have you finished your homework Not(A)ever(B)already .(C)yet (D)jus t) 7We haven't finished our

16、 homework ， (.(A)already( (B)ever(C)yet (D)never)8. ( Have youlearnedEnglish? Yes, I'velearned a lot.(A)never, ever (B)ever, never(C)ever, already(D)already. ever) 9. (Have you finishedyour homework ? Yes, I've done that.(A)yet,already(B)already, yet (C)ever,never(D)still, just()10.John'

17、s father borrowed somepictures(A) has just(B)have ever(C)has yet (D)havealready用 since 和三 for填空(一)1) two yearstwo years ago2)4) last month3)yesterdayan hour ago5) she left here6)clock4 o ' 8) 19999) 4 hours 10) lunch time（二）1. He has lived in Nanjing the year before last.ve known him wewere chil

18、dren. I ' 2. Our teacher has studied Japanese 3.three years.4. She has been away from the cityabout tenyears.5. It's about ten years she left the city. .四單項(xiàng)選擇題()1.My mother has worked inthis factory 2 years.A) about ( (B)for (C)in (D)since( )2. His father joined the party(A)since three years

19、 ago(B)in two years'time(C)for three years(D)threeyearsago3. The students have cleaned the classroom , ?B. don ' t theyA. so they C. havethey' t theyD. haven4.We came to Nanjing three years ago, so we herefor three years.A. have been toB. have been inC. have beenD. have gone5.- How long youyour diction