閱讀策略培訓(xùn)對高中生英語閱讀能力的影響

1、s首都師范大學(xué)碩士學(xué)位論文閱讀策略培訓(xùn)對高屮生英語閱讀能力的彩響姓名：王 新陽中請學(xué)位級別：碩士專業(yè)：學(xué)科教學(xué)（英語）指導(dǎo)教師：宋潔20060501摘 要閱讀是現(xiàn)代社會人們認(rèn)知的最基木方法，是人們獲得信息的最重要手段。教育部 2 0 0 2年頒布的新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)要求，高中英語教學(xué)應(yīng)把培養(yǎng)學(xué)生用英語獲取和 處理信息的能力作為重點能力z,因此提高學(xué)生的閱讀能力是高中英語教學(xué)的主 要目標(biāo)z-o高效的閱讀能力是需要培養(yǎng)和訓(xùn)練的，除了在英語閱讀教學(xué)屮教授冇 關(guān)的閱讀策略以外，教師還應(yīng)該抽出寶貴的課堂時間進(jìn)行有意識的策略訓(xùn)練。國外 大量的研究通過實驗證明了進(jìn)行策略訓(xùn)練可以提高學(xué)生的閱讀理解能力（pres s

2、1 c y, 2 0 0 2 ）,但是國內(nèi)對英語學(xué)習(xí)策略的研究主要集中在對策略的調(diào)查 和描述上，有關(guān)如何在高中口常閱讀教學(xué)活動中滲透閱讀策略的訓(xùn)練的實驗性研究 是很少的?；趪鴥?nèi)外相關(guān)研究的基礎(chǔ)上并結(jié)合目前的教學(xué)現(xiàn)狀，本文著重闡述了 對學(xué)牛進(jìn)行策略培訓(xùn)的重要性和具體實施方案。經(jīng)前測在閱讀能力上基本無顯著差 異的兩個自然班作為測試對象。一個班為實驗班，進(jìn)行了五個月的閱讀策略培訓(xùn)（木 實驗注重總結(jié)策略和推斷策略的培訓(xùn)），培訓(xùn)滲入到f1常教學(xué)活動中。另一個班為 控制班，采用傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)模式授課。經(jīng)過五個月的培訓(xùn)實驗，結(jié)果表明在日常教學(xué)活 動屮接受系統(tǒng)策略培訓(xùn)的學(xué)生在閱讀測試屮分?jǐn)?shù)明顯高于接受傳統(tǒng)教學(xué)的學(xué)

3、生，這 證明了閱讀策略培訓(xùn)能促進(jìn)學(xué)牛閱讀理解能力的提高，而口培訓(xùn)后學(xué)牛使用策略情 況和對閱讀的態(tài)度也有所改變。論文第一章主要介紹了木研究的背景、意義和木篇 論文的框架結(jié)構(gòu)。第二章討論了英語閱讀和學(xué)習(xí)策略領(lǐng)域的相關(guān)理論；對前人的研 究進(jìn)行了回顧并提出了口己的研究方向。第三章描述了本試驗的程序，包括試驗對1so ne 0 fth emosti m p ortantobj e 咖 es o feng 1 is h tea ch i n gi n s en i o r hi 曲 s c h 0 01. 111t ca c h ing pr a c ti oo, t he棚 t h o r fb 吼 d

4、 mat m紐ys ti 1 d ent shad1 o w mo t i v a d 徹弛 d a n e g a t1veatt i t 11d etowa r d sr e a d i i 唱.11 lis resear c hi s艄ex pe r i i tn n t a 1study o f e f l ( e嘲曲勰af 0r c咖1an gi i a ge ) s t ra t e g y train 卩屯.lnles;t ii d y isde s咖d】m a i m yt o e x p 1 o f e the impact0 f str ateg)r i n st m c

5、t i oooo stlldents9rea d ii 1 g co m pr e h e戚0 n in s h e q i h 蟲曲 school1nh cnan f' r0 vi n c e,i脅ugh the 蜘 jdy, the auth研a1 oo w ant st o se c w h甜上時咖d明ts，use 0 f r eadi n gs仃a te酉es鋤da 仕 i t i1 d e towards read11塢c 0u 1 dbe change d .,1 vi o d a s s c s o f s e i 110r孕ad e one in s he q i h

6、i曲 school w e f e t a 1hn t a 14 s t 1e subo m e rc 1 a豁1 d e ne n 弱 t 她 d then g s t iidentscomp rehens i o n象和工具的選擇，實驗的設(shè)計和過程。第四章對實驗數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了整理、分析和討論。 笫五章總結(jié)了實驗的結(jié)果和一些教學(xué)啟示，對本研究的一些不足進(jìn)行了分析并對這 一領(lǐng)域的進(jìn)一步研究提出了一些建議。關(guān)鍵詞：閱讀 策略培訓(xùn) 高屮生ii ab 缸翟 c t i m p m v ij e d s , one 夠 expe a s c o n t r o 1 c 1 ai m es . 5t s 0

7、 f theexperimentaltt1t5 m o n t h s 1 d e nt s o f e d t r a d i t s . b o t h o n t r o 1 b e o f ti t 1e1h1foren 1 et .,1 y zad1c 1 r a t e g y 仃 ai 1 1 i i h eo fc 1a io n a 1 h econte xf if tt st r o 1 das e a c h i n g e 曲 e n t a 11 e d out r trail t o o k t h es s recg w h i 1 stillr f如eass a

8、e i v e d a e 5 7 s t i r e c e i v monthn d the cs u b j e c1 1 1 e scores were e d b y spss the who r e c etstudentsi 1lgoutperfomedt i o n a 1 t e a c 瑁掠睿？ o n t e s t . ndoes f a comprehellsi te 垂 es more o v e attitude a brief i n t rproves m a i 1 “ a t e s t o n . a 1 s o , f t e n andst to w

9、ards e n o d u c t i o ns t i o 1 1 i 1 a 沁 s g.besides,an tq u1 ipretest 扌白 d p t a t i s t i c a 1 owed t a t e g y r e 喇 v e01htdu n s h d str e whos s t a n d a strategy ldentsrcadillg c t u d e n t s 1 1 s e s t r a 1 1 e y h a v e a p o s i t i 舀 ish r e a d i i 1 g .iiirdizedrcai n s t m c ti

10、s 西 ven i n c h e 卩 ter o.w h i ch indudesback 即 nd 姐 d si 弘if 晚 ncc o f e 咖 dy . chap ter咖。虢硝 some t h e o r i e s oo r e a d i comp r e h e 嬲 i d s t r a t e 貿(mào) instmccion 鋤d scllssessome p f e v i o u s 鶴earches. aha c r 3 mainly d e s c r i b oom e procedure oft study, alapter 4 a n a 1 y 2 螂 oom

11、 e data 丘 o mm e x p e 晶 m enti n d i n g s 鋤 d areincludcde r also g v e s o m e suggest io 船 fr d s ： strategyi g h schoo g o t o m e p d印糾i m e n t a v e b e % s out t h e i h e s i satitl ide firs t of a i 1 g o professor songjie,who o lp, gllidmce, support and o v e r t h e months, providinge f

12、 h thhtt4 a n a 1 y 2 螂oom e anddiscuss 髓 the implications丘dm t hi n c h 印 t e r1 i m“ a %°璐 o f o r f u n hi n s t m c 曲 n r stl ldcnts m y o f e 豁。岱 o f me f capital norma d e d i c 曲 ed t o t e a g i 1 i d 姐 ce 齟 d i n s1 1 d oo t b e p o s s i b 1r e s u 1 t o s o m e ef e oo a r c6ai1d the

13、 chapthis stu dy a n de r s t i ldykcp 帕 c a d i n g senior h sin c e r e ii 1 a nl 【se n醴i1i oo r , d h e ents h e d u c a tion u n i v e r si i 1 g m c .1 工 d i o n s m y h e a ne s to my 甑r s時whow i t thef e 1advher 【ine noo 1 1 r a g e m const 柚 t aions tile treseafch m et h o d i n thethes i si

14、 s morescientific.鋤 also pan i 咖 a r 1 y g r a t yang yang, who h a s k i i 1 s u g g e s tions o n m e s1 d 1 y 百 ven m e h e 1 p f uelec tion of m etopa n d w h o has 西 ven m econs t m ci v e c o mm ed v i oo a n d c 0 刪嘶 t t i n g h e r s e 1 f toooevisingth i s thesis m 鋤 y times. owillg t 0 her

15、 i n v a 1u a b 1 e 柚 d i 惦 ightflllsllggest h e s i s i s f u n h e r sp 礎(chǔ) ed 鋤 d then t s o n the manuscript. panicularthanks should also b e made t o professor q i q i w h o spares time t o i °c a d m y thesis c a r e £ 1 1 lly 鋤 d patiently and pmfessor hof fin 鋤舶m louisi 鋤astate unive

16、rsity,who has polish e d m yp aper . m ythan11ss h o u1da 1s 0g 0t0 my f ri endc a 0 xi n 1 o ngw ho s h0ws meh0 wto use st at1stics加d pr0 videsm(e rc fc r enc e book s .la s t bu t notleastim us texpress m yd eep黒多a t it u d eto th e teac he rsal1d stude nt :si n v o1 v e d1n m y r esea rc h .v cma

17、 p t e r1 inn1 d d uc a 0 ii11n e back gr ou n d0f t h e sn 1dyreadi n g isge n e rany ac 1mow1edgeda s0ne o ft hem0s ti m p <0ftant1 a ng1 1 a g es 1 1【iii s f b f髓也sn1 d蝕t s .rca di ng m ate r i a 1i sthe m a inoo u r (3 e of a umcn t ice n百1sh 企 put, which provides not only 1 a n g u a g e 1 n

18、 o w 1 e 電 e but also c u 1 t 1 1 r a 1 1 ii 1 owl c d g e . n e new ordinary senior h鼬 s 曲 ool en 酉 ish ql rricll lumcmtcrion h 觴勰 obje 嘶： t o $1:咒11 薩 hen 姐 d e n 1 a 喀esmdcnts，btic lmowl edge； de v e 1 r|jm c i r b a s j c s 妞 is o f lislenin 參 speaki n g , f e a 曲喀柚 d writing；叫 tivate their p r

19、h n a ry曲nity of璐illg o r a 1 a n d w r i h e n english i n co 黜 n ication'with reading a b i 1 i 哆弱 the fifstpriofity .thefefbfe i i 1 a 1 i 1 1 e oo s ei 1 i o r hi 曲 schools, erlglish teachers reg a r d 虹 ill 噸 stlldents'rea 弛 g a b i u 哆懿 a very i m p o r t a n t 啾 objective . s t 1 1 d

20、e n t s i n s c h 0 0 1 s a 陀 asked t o d o a 1 o t o f reading. however71 o t o f reade v e n when s m d e n t s i n g , t h e y are not actively engagedwi th th e te】【t i n a ineaningful way.teachers 0 f t oo h e a r students complai 1 labout their poor reading abni嘟in order to 鈾 d out how stllden

21、ts evaluatetheif reading a b i 1 i t y and r e a d i i 1 g dass,咐 o quest ionl lai re s (see append i one & appendix, 111) 1 , o ) w ere designed and del i v e r e d t o s m d e n t s i n s h e q i hi 曲 school a t the be 百 n n i n g o f the semes tel 110 s m d e n t s i n the twodasses o f senio

22、r grade one 鋤 ed out the t > 7 i , o q u et h0en1ef f e a d i n g c 0 唧 r e h ).some studentse n s i o n ( s oc a p p e n d i 1ae ve n h a d ani 喀 a 64 v en1ti1 d e towards readi ng . ano t her q 1 1 e st10nna i r c (h lappend 故 1 卩取 qshowedthat 83.7 % o f the stlldentse xp e n e d the i r teache

23、rst o teach some r e ad ii 1 g s ki 11 s 鋤 d r cad1ng s 仃 ategies i n r ea di i 1 g da ss . 5 6 . 5%0ft1he s t 1 1 d e n t s s 仃 on百ya d v i se dtheirtcache 瑙 to c e a c h r e a d in gs t r a t c西e s i n r cad1ngcl 勰 s. the o b s e r va ti o n o nth e 1 e s oo np1ans w r i 1 t c n b y e ! n g1 is h

24、teac hc 稻 i i 1 shcq1i i 曲 school w 舔m a d e ne r e s u1 ts of n 1csune y show£ha£twopop u1 a r teac1 1 i n g m0de1si n reading da 護(hù) exi st (see a ppend 政 111ree).0 n e 瑚 i odel o f n 1es t i 1 d en t:.o e n t cred1nstnlction i s t h ats m d e n tsare s e 1d0mtau g h t reading stra t9 9 i

25、e s and 1 h c y area <qvised t o read a 1o toom e i r o wn a n d m em0血ela 卩昌 e v o c a b u 1 a 巧 to fa c i 1 i tat e comprehens i o n. the othermode10 f t het e a c h erccnt e r c d i n s t n 1 c t i oni s thatte a c h e rsnever want t o 1 e a v e t im efor t hei r s t 1 1dentsin d a s s . 1 1 1

26、 c y c on tr o 1 the dass.jnieyspend m u c h time o n tran s1 a t i o nan d g黜arknowl edge. the t e a ch er s havest r o n g be11efthat stlldents ca ne a s i 1y1 1 1 1 d e istand the text i f they ar e s k me da t t r a nst1 t111rhi o n n a n s .es t 1reades t 1n e resultsshowed that 7 0 % 0 f dems

27、we r e n 9 t satisfied w i m tile 1 1 g oom prehens io n 鋤 d o i 1 1 y 4. 6 % 0 f dents were very satisfied withslation 她 d g r a m m a l n o matter which mode 10 f ills 饑 lcti on isco nducted, teachersu s u a u y t each some specific r e a d i i 1 g s 1 【ills for about a m o n t h just before tile

28、col lege e n 仃 a n c e ex 鋤 to get the s t 1 1 d c n t s prep 冊 ijfor". from the above inst 九 lction model s.some naws 啪 be identified. inthe f b nner moclel t e a c b e i s o v e r e s timate stlldents，abilities t o understand 2 t h e textext word b y byin t e r a c t i o say n o t h h 1 t e 西

29、8. recentword. cbns tme t ng with me text g o f t e a c h i i 1 gs t i 1 d i e s o n r ei i 1 g m e 鋤 i i 1 g 1 s 1 a di 1t . they think stlldents oo_n 1 e a m some 托 adi i 1 g s tmtegioobythemse 1 ves. the teache 璐f1珊! 1ybeliev e t h atc0mp r e h e ns i o n i sstudent，sown b璐in鸛stheyi g n o 聆 th e

30、factthatr e:adings t f a t e舀:ssh o u 1 d be t 卸 g h texp11dt1 y 鋤 d that t hestra t e g i cs啪e彘c晰e1yfac11i t a t cs t u d en ts ;1 c0m p r c h en s i o n ( press1ey ''2 0 ooo.n e 1 at terr c n e c t s；距 o t h e fwr0i1gbe 1 i e fo f t ea chers a b o u tread 噸 c0i印rehen s i 0 n .i n the irp c

31、:r s p c c ti v e , the眥越i n g 0 f the t e t c 姐 b e g a i n e d by 姐 a j y z i n gt h at somef ac t 0rsa £ £ b c t co m pr e h e n sion,sueh 鵬 c o g 11 it i ve(d e v e 1 叩 m en t ,1 卸 g u a ge p r嘶c ie n c y , im e1 1 igen c e , apti m de, mot i 5v a t io n，r c a d i i1 gs t ;r a1t e 垂 e

32、s 鋤 d ooon.among t 1h e s ef a ctors, 1e mi i 1gst rate 西 es proved to b ethekey f ac to r sre s e a r c ho n re a d i n gdeve 1 op m e n thass h0wn that 90 0 dreade 墻 usestrate 百 e st ha tafe n o t i 1 se d by poorr e ad e rs (grabe &s t 0uer 5 2 0 0 2 ).m u ch r c s e ；archo n 1e a m i i1 gs虹a

33、te西e s h骼b ee nc 秫 e d o ut i ne n百i s h 一 s pe a1【ingc o u n t r ie s h o w e v er , i nc 1 1i n a w heree n出1s h i s 1 e鋤e d她d眥曲t as afore 咖 1 a n gu ag e ,the s i t i 1 at i on i s q ui t ed i船rent. in ch i .n a，m o s t r esear c h e s on e fl 1 e：a m i 1 1g st r ate酉 e s a f ei n ve s t 遠(yuǎn) a tion

34、sw h ic h ares t at icst i 1 d i e sandmost of t 11 e mfocuso ns tr at e g y desc r ip t ions(p i liansheng, 1 997,wd qiu 脅 g, 1 996). dynamic m p i r i c a 1 s t i 1 d i n i n g 0 f e 位 c tive d even f 毫 wer arc e g y _ b 弱 ed i n s t m ce a d i n g a c h i e v e m e n t 幻wards m a d i n g .se e s

35、o n the 3 c i a s s 啪 m t f a i strat e g i e s are s c s m d i e s about how t i o n af 融 c t s s t i 1 d and their a t t i1 . t 1 1 d y r e a d i i 1 g c s been important cato 塔 interested school and1 r e s e a r c齟 rat t s ' f 1 d e the .v a 1nif1、2 the s i c|j i 丘 c 鋤 c e n s i o n h 蠲 a h o

36、 1 o g i s 缸卸 d e d i 1 g h d m text'i n s i tt i n s 姍 ction s e v e 腳 geneo m pt oi no u t . c 0 m ph h勰 evdved£h roughrat io璐 of devein卩ment and c u 他 1970s, c 伽】pl. eb 叨 s ion s ed硼ma f n y 伽蒯 ng stlldcnts he 硝，quest i o 璐 at vario 吩 kver h n e m e nt sinei n s m 1 c i i oo 啊佻 b a1 o a

37、n s w e f t e a c1 s o f t h i n 1 ing , pafticularlyhigher levels o f t h i 11】【ing,獅 alysis, synthes i s and e v a 1 u a t i od v a1 i d a ti o n0fe fc b c ti v es in g u 1 ar compr e he 璐 i o nstrate百es i ntend ed to he1 p s t t1 d en t s r epresen tt h e if吼dc rs t 姐 d i i1 g s ai 1 dreactt 0tex

38、 ti n w ay st ha t w o u 1d res1 1 1t i n ir ep r0 ve:d 1o n g -1 e m memo r yfor t en . in me earlyl980s, comprehens ion r c s e a r c h t i 1 m e d i t s f b c u s oom e deve 1 opment a nh er cr agx t a v es hcontent. i i 1 rccemyears r e s e a focused more attention 0 n s t y . b a s e d i n s 打

39、u 砸 0ns 掠？ en 出 ish 弱 a f o n g 1 1 a g e ( e f 1 , ) contexts. s p e c i f i hey foe 略 on the f o 1 1 o w i i 1 g threet ei弘l a1 1 y t p e c ts o 1 . t h e r a . i 1 help ding comp t m c t i o n c t i o n .h e si o n n e d e t ee a d s t i r e h o m bi t make trateg yinatcstratext.tean si 1s加ebeing

40、x t . i t e nstrategy i n s t n t s t 0 enhance ion. rea 曲唱 s t r a e x p 1 托a 曲 n w i1 i d t t i eg p r o c e 豁 by 【through tr u c tt h e i r r e at e g yt h印pt卸曲t姐d i t s s u r % 也 at t h g y isimmediatelye 卩 plied che璐explain me act i v e demons 仃 a t i n g how they heirillsi c ae n tc a t1 e hj-

41、hyi n t r e a d i t h i n 1unde rs mi ng, which putstlldents i n a b 酬【e f p oo i t i oo t o con 仃 01 t h e i r own cooop rehens i on. a 5 h 廿客 boon m e m i o n e d , s伽 e g y b 夠 e d nt sheading g s ti辦 t 0 1 y t heyr a t e g y change o be moa r e a w a輒1 t r1ts 礎(chǔ) e n a r e e s rathe 1 1 e read t u

42、 d e n t s to wardinstmetion c雒improve comprehension. 2 .i n s 仃 1 1 c t i o n can h their student s at i v a t e d t 0 enjoyr e that 輒 cccssfllothe e 1 p e m os t i ide r c a d i ns t i 1 d 鈕s t likei h a ni 1 g s0 b u ireadf 啪 ing a p p r o p r superior i n n a tmtegyi 越 tnlct 1 d u p a positive i

43、 n g .they b e 1 i e v ee a d i n g i f t f e a d i i 1 g i atcstmtegi t e a b i 1 i 哆 1 ion helps s a t t i t 1 1 d that they can become more illteuecttlany c 0 m p e tentb y 1 e a m i n g the r e a d i i 1 g s 仃 ate 西 e s as a r e s 1 1 1 t , they will h a v e h i g 1 1 mo吐vati o n t o 1 e a m the

44、 reading s 咖 te 舀 es and e v e nth1tki a 1 1 yr e a d i i s t i 1 d e g y ills n g . thebecome1 gn t sss t r a beeb nuccessful t e g y o m ereaders. 3 . t t i o n can h e n k e r s . s t r a s 臼 ate 西 c m i n how t o 1 1 s e r e a d i i 1 g t a s 1【s . t h e y specificst le枷 to m o n i t e n n i n e

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