風電術語-英漢對照

1、風力發(fā)電機組風力機 wind turbine風力發(fā)電機組 wind turbine generator system (WTGS)風電場 wind farm水平軸風力機 horizontal axis wind turbine垂直軸風力機 vertical axis wind turbine輪轂(風力機) hub (for wind turbines)機艙 nacelle支撐結構(風力機) support structure (for wind turbines)關機(風力機) shutdown (for wind turbines)緊急關機(風力機) emergency shutdown (

2、for wind turbines)空轉 (風力機) idling (for wind turbines)鎖定(風力機) blocking (for wind turbines)停機 parking靜止 standstill制動器(風力機) brake (for wind turbines)停機制動(風力機) parking brake (for wind turbines)風輪轉速(風力機) rotor speed (for wind turbines)控制系統(tǒng)(風力機) control system (for wind turbines)保護系統(tǒng)(風力發(fā)電機組) protection sy

3、stem (for WTGS)設計和安全參數設計工況 design operating conditions 載荷情況 load case外部條件(風力機) external conditions (for wind turbines)設計極限 design limits極限狀態(tài) limit state使用極限狀態(tài) serviceability limit states極限限制狀態(tài) ultimate limit state安全壽命 safe life嚴重故障(風力機) catastrophic failure (for wind turbines)潛伏故障 latent fault; dorm

4、ant failure風特性風速 wind speed 風矢量 wind velocity旋轉采樣風矢量 rotationally sampled wind velocity額定風速(風力機) rated wind speed (for wind turbines)切入風速 cut-in wind speed切出風速 cut-out wind speed年平均 annual average年平均風速 annual average wind speed平均風速 mean wind speed 極端風速 extreme wind speed安全風速 survival wind speed (dep

5、recated)參考風速 reference wind speed風速分布 wind speed distribution瑞利分布 RayLeigh distribution威布爾分布 Weibull distribution風切變 wind shear風廓線 風切變律 wind profile; wind shear law風切變指數 wind shear exponent對數風切變律 logarithmic wind shear law風切變冪律 power law for wind shear下風向 down wind 上風向 up wind陣風 gust粗糙長度 roughness l

6、ength湍流強度 turbulence intensity湍流尺度參數 turbulence scale parameter湍流慣性負區(qū) inertial sub-range 風場 wind sitewind farm測量參數 measurement seat最大風速 maximum wind speed風功率密度 wind power density風能密度 wind energy density日變化 diurnal variation年變化 annual variation輪轂高度 hub height風能 wind energy標準大氣狀態(tài) standard atmospheric

7、state風切變影響 influence by the wind shear陣風影響 gust influence風速頻率 frequency of wind speed環(huán)境 environment工作環(huán)境 operational environment氣候 climate海洋性氣候 ocean climate大陸性氣候 continental climate露天氣候 open-air climate室內氣候 indoor climate極端 extreme日平均值 daily mean極端最高 extreme maximum年最高 annual maximum年最高日平均溫度 annual

8、extreme daily mean of temperature月平均溫度 mean monthly temperature空氣濕度 air humidity絕對濕度 absolute humidity相對濕度 relative humidity降水 precipitation雨 rain凍雨 freezing rain 霜淞 rime雨淞 glaze冰雹 hail露 dew霧 fog鹽霧 salt fog雷暴 thunderstorm雪載 snow load標準大氣壓 standard air pressure平均海平面 mean sea level海拔 altitude輻射通量 radi

9、ant flux太陽輻射 solar radiation直接太陽輻射 direct solar radiation天空輻射 sky radiation太陽常數 solar constant太陽光譜 solar spectrum黑體 black body白體 white body溫室效應 greenhouse effect環(huán)境溫度 ambient temperature表面溫度 surface temperature與電網連接互連(風力發(fā)電機組) interconnection(for WTGS)輸出功率(風力發(fā)電機組) output power(for WTGS)額定功率(風力發(fā)電機組) ra

10、ted power(for WTGS)電網連接點(風力發(fā)電機組) network connection point(for WTGS)電力匯集系統(tǒng)(風力發(fā)電機組) power collection system(for WTGS)風場電氣設備 site electrical facilities功率特性測試功率特性 power performance凈電功率輸出 net electric power output功率系數 power coefficient自由流風速 free stream wind speed掃掠面積 swept area測量功率曲線 measured power curve

11、外推功率曲線 extrapolated power curve年發(fā)電量 annual energy production可利用率(風力發(fā)電機組) availability(for WTGS)數據組(測試功率特性) data set(for power performance measurement)精度(風力發(fā)電機組) accuracy(for WTGS)測量誤差 uncertainty in measurement分組方法 method of bins測量周期 measurement period測量扇區(qū) measurement sector距離常數 distance constant試驗場

12、地 test site氣流畸變 flow distortion障礙物 obstacles復雜地形帶 complex terrain風障 wind break生壓級 sound pressure level聲級 weighted sound pressure level; sound level視在聲功率級 apparent sound power level指向性(風力發(fā)電機組) directivity(for WTGS)音值 tonality聲的基準風速 acoustic reference wind speed標準風速 standardized wind speed基準高度 referen

13、ce height基準粗糙長度 reference roughness length基準距離 reference distance掠射角 grazing angle比恩法 method of bins標準誤差 standard uncertainty風能利用系數 rotor power coefficient力矩系數 torque coefficient額定力矩系數 rated torque coefficient起動力矩系數 starting torque coefficient最大力矩系數 maximum torque coefficient過載度 ratio of over load風力

14、發(fā)電機組輸出特性 output characteristic of WTGS調節(jié)特性 regulating characteristics平均噪聲 average life機組效率 efficiency of WTGS使用壽命 service life度電成本 cost per kilowatt hour of the electricity generated by WTGS風輪風輪 wind rotor風輪直徑 rotor diameter風輪掠掃面積 rotor swept area風輪仰角 tilt angle of rotor shaft風輪偏航角 yawing angle of r

15、otor shaft風輪額定轉速 rated turning speed of rotor風輪最高轉速 maximum turning speed of rotor風輪尾流 rotor wake尾流損失 wake losses風輪實度 rotor solidity實度損失 solidity losses葉片數 number of blades葉片 blade等截面葉片 constant chord blade變截面葉片 variable chord blade葉片投影面積 projected area of blade葉片長度 length of blade葉根 root of blade葉尖

16、 tip of blade葉尖速度 tip speed槳距角 pitch angle翼型 airfoil前緣 leading edge后緣 tailing edge幾何弦長 geometric chord of airfoil平均幾何弦長 mean geometric chord of airfoil氣動弦線 aerodynamic chord of airfoil翼型厚度 thickness of airfoil翼型相對厚度 relative thickness of airfoil厚度函數 thickness function of airfoil中弧線 mean line彎度 degre

17、e of curvature彎度函數 curvature function of airfoil翼型族 the family of airfoil葉片根梢比 ratio of tip-section chord to root-section chord葉片展弦比 aspect ratio葉片安裝角 setting angle of blade葉片扭角 twist of blade葉片幾何攻角 angle of attack of blade葉尖損失 tip losses葉片損失 blade losses顫振 flutter迎風機構 orientation mechanism調速機構 regu

18、lation mechanism風輪偏側式調速機構 regulating mechanism of turning wind rotor out of the wind sideward變槳距調節(jié)機構 regulating mechanism by adjusting the pitch of blade整流罩 nose cone順槳 feathering阻尼板 spoiling flap風輪空氣動力特性 aerodynamic characteristics of rotor葉尖速度比(高速性系數) tip-speed ratio額定葉尖速度比(標準高速性系數) rated tip-spee

19、d ratio升力系數 lift coefficient阻力系數 drag coefficient推或拉力系數 thrust coefficient傳動系統(tǒng) 傳動比 transmission ratio齒輪 gear齒輪副 gear pair平行軸齒輪副 gear pair with parallel axes齒輪系 train of gears行星齒輪系 planetary gear train 小齒輪 pinion大齒輪 wheel, gear主動齒輪 driving gear從動齒輪 driven gear行星齒輪 planet carrier太陽輪 sun gear內齒圈 ring g

20、ear; annulus gear外齒輪 external gear內齒輪 internal gear內齒輪副 internal gear pair增速齒輪副 speed increasing gear pair中心距 center distance增速比 speed increasing ratio齒面 tooth flank工作齒面 working flank非工作齒面 non-working flank模數 module齒數 number of teeth嚙合干涉 meshing interference齒廓修形 profile modification; profile correct

21、ion嚙合 engagement; mesh齒輪的變位 addendum modification on gears變位齒輪 gears with addendum modification圓柱齒輪 cylindrical gear直齒圓柱齒輪 spur gear斜齒圓柱齒輪 helical gear; single-helical gear節(jié)點 pitch point節(jié)圓 pitch circle齒頂圓 tip circle齒根圓 root circle直徑和半徑 diameter and radius齒寬 face width齒厚 tooth thickness壓力角 pressure a

22、ngle圓周側隙 circumferential backlash蝸桿 worm蝸輪 worm wheel聯軸器 coupling剛性聯軸器 rigid coupling萬向聯軸器 universal coupling安全聯軸器 security coupling齒 tooth齒槽 tooth space斜齒輪 helical gear人字齒輪 double-helical gear齒距 tooth pitch法向齒距 normal pitch軸向齒距 axial pitch齒高 tooth depth輸入軸 input shaft輸出軸 output shaft柱銷 pin柱銷套 rolle

23、r行星齒輪傳動機構 planetary gear drive mechanism中心輪 center gear 單級行星齒輪系 single planetary gear train 多級行星齒輪系 multiple-stage planetary gear train柔性齒輪 flexible gear剛性齒輪 rigidity gear柔性滾動軸承 flexible rolling bearing輸出聯接 output coupling剛度 rigidity扭轉剛度 torsional rigidity彎曲剛度 flexural rigidity扭轉剛度系數 coefficient of

24、torsional rigidity起動力矩 starting torque傳動誤差 transmission error傳動精度 transmission accuracy固有頻率 natural frequency彈性聯接 elastic coupling滑塊聯接 Oldham coupling固定聯接 integrated coupling齒嚙式聯接 dynamic coupling花鍵聯接 splined coupling牙嵌式聯接 castellated coupling徑向銷聯接 radial pin coupling周期振動 periodic vibration隨機振動 rand

25、om vibration峰值 peak value臨界阻尼 critical damping阻尼系數 damping coefficient阻尼比 damping ratio減震器 vibration isolator振動頻率 vibration frequency幅值 amplitude位移幅值 displacement amplitude速度幅值 velocity amplitude加速度幅值 acceleration amplitude發(fā)電機同步電機 synchronous generator異步電機 asynchronous generator感應電機 induction genera

26、tor差轉率 slip瞬態(tài)電流 transient factor換向器 commutator集電環(huán) collector ring換向片 commutator segment勵磁響應 excitation response 制動系統(tǒng)制動系統(tǒng) braking system制動機構 braking mechanism正常制動系 normal braking system緊急制動系 emergency braking system空氣制動系 air braking system液壓制動系 hydraulic braking system電磁制動系 electromagnetic braking sys

27、tem機械制動系 mechanical braking system輔助裝置 auxiliary device制動器釋放 braking releasing制動器閉合 brake setting液壓缸 hydraulic cylinder溢流閥 relief valve泄油 drain 齒輪馬達 gear motor齒輪泵 gear pump電磁閥 solenoid valve液壓過濾器 hydraulic filter液壓泵 hydraulic pump液壓系統(tǒng) hydraulic system油冷卻器 oil cooler壓力控制閥 pressure switch減壓閥 reducing

28、valve安全閥 safety valve設定壓力 setting pressure切換 switching旋轉接頭 rotating union壓力表 pressure gauge液壓油 hydraulic fluid液壓馬達 hydraulic fluid液壓馬達 hydraulic motor油封 oil seal剎車盤 brake disc閘墊 brake pad剎車油 brake fluid閘襯片 brake lining偏航系統(tǒng) 滑動制動器 sliding shoes偏航 yawing主動偏航 active yawing被動偏航 passive yawing偏航驅動 yawing

29、driven解纜 untwist塔架塔架 tower獨立式塔架 free stand tower拉索式塔架 guyed tower塔影響效應 influence by the tower shadow控制與檢測系統(tǒng)遠程監(jiān)視 telemonitoring協(xié)議 protocol實時 real time單向傳輸 simplex transmission半雙工傳輸 half-duplex transmission雙工傳輸 duplex transmission前置機 front end processor運動終端 remote terminal unit(RTU)調制解調器 modulator-dem

30、odulator(modem)數據終端設備 data terminal equipment (DTE)接口 interface數據電路 data circuit信息 information狀態(tài)信息 state information分接頭位置信息 tap position information監(jiān)視信息 monitored information事件信息 event information設備故障信息 equipment failure information返回信息 return information告警 alarm設定值 set point valve累計值 integrated tot

31、al; integrated value瞬時測值 instantaneous measured計量值 counted measured, metered measured, metered reading確認 acknowledgement信號 signal模擬信號 analog signal命令 command字節(jié) byte位; 比特 bit地址 address波特 baud(Bd)編碼 encode譯碼 decode代碼 code集中控制 centralized control可編程序控制 programmable control微機程控 minicomputer program cont

32、rol模擬控制 analogue control數字控制 digital control強電控制 strong current control弱電控制 weak current control單元控制 unit control就地控制 local control聯鎖裝置 interlocker模擬盤 analogue board配電盤 switch board控制臺 control desk緊急停車按鈕 emergency stop push-button限位開關 limit switch限速開關 limit speed switch有載指示器on-load indicator位置指示器 po

33、sition indicator屏幕顯示 screen display指示燈 display lamp起動信號 starting signal公共供電點 point of common coupling閃變 flicker數據庫 data base硬件 hardware硬件平臺 hardware platform層 layer; level; class模型 model響應時間response time軟件 software軟件平臺 software platform系統(tǒng)軟件 system software自由脫扣trip-free基準誤差 basic error一對一控制方式 one-to-

34、one control mode一次電流 primary current一次電壓 primary voltage二次電流 secondary current二次電壓 secondary voltage低壓電器 low voltage apparatus額定工作電壓 rated operational voltage額定工作電流 rated operational current運行管理 operation management安全方案 safety concept外部條件 external conditions(for WTGS)失效 failure故障 fault控制柜 control ca

35、binet冗余技術 redundancy正常關機 normal shutdown(for wind turbines)失效-安全 fail-safe排除故障 clearance空轉 idling(for wind turbines)外部動力源 external power supply鎖定裝置 locking device運行轉速范圍 operating rotational speed range臨界轉速 maximum rotational speed最大轉速 maximum rotational speed過載功率 over power(for wind turbines)臨界功率 ac

36、tivation power(for wind turbines)最大功率 maximum power(for wind turbines)短時切出風速 short-term cut-out wind speed外聯機試驗 field test with turbine試驗臺 test-bed臺架試驗 test on bed防雷系統(tǒng) lightning protection system(LPS)外部防雷系統(tǒng) external lightning protection system內部防雷系統(tǒng) internal lightning protection system等電位連接 equipote

37、ntial bonding接閃器 air-termination system引下線 down-conductor接地裝置 earth-termination system接地線 earth conductor接地體 earth electrode環(huán)形接地體 ring earth electrode基礎接地體 foundation earth electrode等電位連接帶 bonding bar等電位連接導體 bonding conductor保護等級 protection lever防雷區(qū) lightning protection zone (LPZ)雷電流 lightning curre

38、nt電涌保護器 surge suppressor 共用接地系統(tǒng) common earthing system接地基準電 earthing reference points (ERP)持續(xù)運行 continuous operation持續(xù)運行的閃變系數 flicker coefficient for continuous operation閃變階躍系數 flicker step factor最大允許功率 maximum permitted power最大測量功率 maximum measured power電網阻抗相角 network impedance phase angle正常運行 norm

39、al operation功率采集系統(tǒng) power collection system額定視在功率 rated apparent power額定電流 rated current額定無功功率 rated reactive power停機 standstill起動 start-up切換運行 switching operation擾動強度 turbulence intensity電壓變化系數 voltage change factor風力機端口 wind turbine terminals風力機最大功率 maximum power of wind turbine風力機停機 parked wind tu

40、rbine安全系統(tǒng) safety system控制裝置 control device額定負載 rated load周期 period相位 phase頻率 frequency諧波 harmonics瞬時值 instantaneous value同步 synchronism振蕩 oscillation共振 resonance波 wave輻射 radiation衰減 attenuation阻尼 damping畸變 distortion電 electricity電的 electric靜電學 electrostatics電荷 electric charge電壓降 voltage drop電流 elect

41、ric current導電性 conductivity 電壓 voltage電磁感應 electromagnetic induction勵磁 excitation電阻率 resistivity導體 conductor半導體 semiconductor電路 electric circuit串聯電路 series circuits電容 capacitance電感 inductance電阻 resistance阻抗 impedance電抗 reactance傳遞比 transfer ratio交流電壓 alternating voltage交流電流 alternating current脈動電壓 p

42、ulsating voltage脈動電流 pulsating current直流電壓 direct voltage直流電流 direct current瞬時功率 instantaneous power有功功率 active power無功功率 reactive power有功電流 active current無功電流 active current功率因數 power factor中性點 neutral point相序 sequential order of the phases電氣元件 electrical device接線端子 terminal電極 electrode地 earth, gro

43、und接地電路 earthed circuit接地電阻 resistance of an earthed conductor, earth resistance絕緣子 insulator絕緣套管 insulating bushing母線 busbar線圈 coil 螺線管 solenoid繞組 winding電阻器 resistor電感器 inductor電容器 capacitor繼電器 relay電能轉換器 electric energy transducer電機 electric machine發(fā)電機 generator電動機 motor變壓器 transformer變流器 convert

44、er變頻器 frequency converter整流器 rectifier逆變器 inverter傳感器 sensor耦合器 electric coupling放大器 amplifier振蕩器 oscillator濾波器 filter半導體器件 semiconductor device光電器件 photoelectric device觸頭 contact開關設備 switchgear控制設備 controlgear閉合電路 closed circuit斷開電路 open circuit通斷 switching聯結 connection串聯 series connection并聯 parall

45、el connection星形聯結 star connection主電路 main circuit輔助電路 auxiliary circuit控制電路 control circuit信號電路 signal circuit保護電路 protective circuit換接 change-over switching換向 commutation輸入功率 input power輸入 input負載, 載荷 load加載 to load充電 to charge放電 to discharge有載運行 on-load operation空載運行 no-load operation開路運行 open-cir

46、cuit operation短路運行 short-circuit operation滿載 full load效率 efficiency損耗 loss過電壓 over-voltage欠電壓 under-voltage特性 characteristic絕緣物 insulant隔離 to isolate絕緣 insulation絕緣電阻 insulation resistance品質因數 quality factor泄漏電流 leakage current閃烙 flashover短路 short circuit噪聲 noise極限值 limiting value額定值 rated value定額 r

47、ating環(huán)境條件 environment condition使用條件 service conditions工況 operating conditions, load case額定工況 rated condition負載比 duty ratio絕緣比 insulation level介質試驗 dielectric test常規(guī)試驗 routine test抽樣試驗 sampling test驗收試驗 acceptance test投運試驗 commissioning test維護試驗 maintenance test加速 accelerating特性曲線 characteristic curv

48、es額定電壓 rated voltage額定頻率 rated frequency額定轉速 rated speed溫升 temperature rise溫度系數 temperature coefficient端電壓 terminal voltage短路電流 short circuit current可靠性 reliability有效性 availability耐久性 durability維修 maintenance維護 preventive maintenance工作時間 operating time待命時間 standby time修復時間 repair time壽命 life使用壽命 use

49、ful life平均壽命 mean life耐久性試驗 endurance test 壽命試驗 life test可靠性測定試驗 reliability determination現場可靠性試驗 field reliability test加速試驗 accelerated test安全性 fail safe應力 stress強度 strength試驗數據 test data現場數據 field data電觸頭 electrical contact主觸頭 main contact擊穿 breakdown耐電壓 proof voltage放電 electrical discharge透氣性 air

50、 permeability電線電纜 electric wire and cable電力電纜 power cable通信電纜 telecommunication cable, communication cable油浸式變壓器 oil-immersed type transformer干式變壓器 dry-type transformer自耦變壓器 auto-transformer有載調壓變壓器 transformer fitted with OLTC(on-load tap-changer)空載電流 non-load current阻抗電壓 impedance voltage電抗電壓 react

51、ance voltage電阻電壓 resistance voltage分接 tapping配電電器 distributing apparatus控制電器 control apparatus開關 switch熔斷器 fuse斷路器 circuit breaker控制器 controller接觸器 contactor機械壽命 mechanical endurance電氣壽命 electrical endurance旋轉電機 electrical rotating machine直流電機 direct current machine交流電機 alternating current machine同步

52、電機 synchronous machine異步電機 asynchronous machine感應電機 induction machine勵磁機 exciter飽和特性 saturation characteristic開路特性 open-circuit characteristic負載特性 load characteristic短路特性 short-circuit characteristic額定轉矩 rated load torque規(guī)定的最初起動電流 specified breakaway torque交流電動機的最初起動電流 breakaway starting current of

53、an a.c.同步轉速 synchronous speed轉差率 slip短路比 short-circuit ratio同步系數 synchronizing coefficient空載 no-load系統(tǒng) system觸電, 電擊 electric shock正常狀態(tài) normal condition接觸電壓 touch voltage跨步電壓 step voltage對地電壓 voltage to earth觸電電流 shock current殘余電流 residual current安全阻抗 safety impedance安全距離 safe distance安全標志 safety mar

54、king安全色 safety color中性點有效接地系統(tǒng) system with effectively earthed neutral檢修接地 inspection earching工作接地 working earthing保護接地 protective earthing重復接地 iterative earth故障接地 fault earthing過電壓保護 over-voltage protection過電流保護 over-current protection斷相保護 open-phase protection防塵 dust-protected防濺 protected against splashing防滴 protected against dropping water防浸水 protected against the effects of immersion過電流保護裝置 over-current protective device保護繼電器 protective relay接地開關 earthing switch漏電斷路器 residual current circuit-breaker滅弧裝置 arc-control device安全隔離變壓器 safety i