【最高考】2016屆高考英語語法精講精練-專題七-情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣?？键c(diǎn)

1、.專題七情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣常考點(diǎn)近兩年考查情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣的頻率呈上升趨勢。從整體上把握情態(tài)動詞的語法特征和語義特征， 能夠準(zhǔn)確理解不同情態(tài)動詞的細(xì)微差異，認(rèn)真區(qū)別具有相同功能、意思相近的情態(tài)動詞的用法，在真實(shí)的交際情景中印證和領(lǐng)悟情態(tài)動詞的用法和特征。1情態(tài)動詞所表示的多種含義1. can 和 could 的用法表示能力。如：I can run fast.表示客觀可能性。如：可編輯.An experienced driver can have an accident at times.表示請求和允許。用could語氣更委婉。如： Can/Could I go now? Yes， you c

2、an.表示猜測、驚異、懷疑、不相信的態(tài)度(主要用于否定句、疑問句或驚嘆句中)。如：Can this be true?How can you be so careless!This cannot be done by him.2. may 和 might 的用法表示許可。如：You may drive the car. May/Might I use your pen? No ， you mustn't.用于祈使句中表示祝愿。如：May you succeed!表示推測、 可能 (疑問句不能用于此意)。表推測的might并不是指過去時間，而表示比 may 把握性略小些。如：He may

3、be very busy now.用于表示目的或讓步狀語從句中。如：No matter what difficulties you may come across， you shouldn't give up.3. will 和 would 的用法用于各種人稱，表示“意志”“意愿”“決心”等。如：可編輯.I told her to stop crying， but she just would not listen.用于第二人稱的疑問句，表示說話人向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱蟆Ｓ脀ould比用 will 語氣更客氣。如：Will/Would you please keep the door open

4、?表示真理或習(xí)慣，意為“慣于，總是”。如：She will listen to music alone in her room for hours.He would get up early when he lived in the country.4. should的用法表示現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼呢?zé)任或義務(wù)，意為“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當(dāng)”，這時它可以和ought to，besupposed to互換使用。如：You should(are supposed to ) complete your test in time.表示有較大可能實(shí)現(xiàn)的猜測、推論，通常意為“可能；總該吧”，相當(dāng)于beexpected to。如：

5、They should be home by now， I think.用于第一人稱時可以表示說話人的一種謙遜、客氣、委婉的語氣。如：I should think it would be better to try it again.用在條件狀語從句中，表示語氣較強(qiáng)的假設(shè)，意為“萬一”，這時也可將should置于從句之首，即將should放在主語前面，而省略從屬連詞if ，主句謂語卻不一定用虛擬語氣。如：Should I ( If I should) be free tomorrow I will come.用來表示意外、 驚喜或者在說話人看來是不可思議的。尤其在以why ，who ，how等

6、開頭的修辭疑問句或某些感嘆句中常常意為“竟會，居然”。如：可編輯.A gentleman like him should be rude to a lady!用于虛擬語氣句中(略 )。5. ought to的用法表示應(yīng)該、推測，相當(dāng)于should 。 如：You ought to take care of him.6. shall 的用法用于第二、三人稱，表示說話人的意愿，有“命令”“警告，威脅，強(qiáng)制”“法令條文規(guī)則”和“允諾”等意思。如：You shall have the book when I finish reading.(表允諾 )在疑問句中，shall 用于征求對方的意見或請求指示

7、，常用于第一、第三人稱。如：Shall we go out for a walk?Where shall he wait for us?7. must的用法表示義務(wù)、意圖或建議，意為“必須，應(yīng)該，禁止(用于否定句中) ”如。：You must go and see that film you'd really enjoy it.表示推測，意為“必定，一定”。注 must表示推測時的否定式是can't或 couldn't(不可能 )。表示主張，意為“硬要，一定要”。如：If you must go， at least wait till the rain stops.表示

8、與說話人愿望相反，意為“偏要”。如：The machine must break down at this busy hour.8. need和 dare 的用法可編輯. need 作“必要”講時，既可作情態(tài)動詞， 也可作實(shí)義動詞。作實(shí)義動詞時后面的動詞不定式要帶 to ，其變化與一般動詞相同。作情態(tài)動詞時，僅用于否定句或疑問句中。 dare 作為情態(tài)動詞時，僅用在疑問句、否定句和條件從句中。dare 若作實(shí)義動詞，后面可接帶to 的不定式，此時to 也可以省略。 dare 與 need 的用法相似。如：He dares to go there alone.He needs to go the

9、re alone.She doesn't dare (to) ask her father.She doesn't need to ask her father.He daren't speak English before such a crowd， dare he?9. used to的用法used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動作或狀態(tài)，現(xiàn)在已不存在，在間接引語中，其形式可不變。在疑問句、否定句、否定疑問句或強(qiáng)調(diào)句中，可有兩種形式。· Did you use to go to the same school as your brother?疑問句·Use

10、d you to go to the same school as your brother？· I usedn't to go there.否定句·Ididn't use to go there.· Usen't you to be interested in the theatre?否定疑問句·Didn't you use to be interested in the theatre？其反意疑問句或簡略回答中，也有兩種形式：She used to be very fat， didn't she？ (正式 )/

11、use(d)n't she? (口語 ) Used you to get up early in the morning? Yes， I did( 正式 ) /Yes ，I used to.( 口語 )可編輯.10. would rather (not) do寧愿 (不 ) 做11. had better (not) do最好 (不 )做 I _ often go fishing when I lived in the countryside.A. shouldB. wouldC. couldD. might I've decided to take the job and I

12、 _ change my mind.A. mustn'tB. can'tC. won'tD. may not“ Whatever you want，you _ have it on condition that you get the bestresult ，” said the boss.A. wouldB. ought toC. shallD. could Why _ you stay in the countryside， where it's not convenient to goshopping? But I've found it rath

13、er valuable for my health.可編輯.A. canB. mustC. mayD. shall I promise her daughter _ get a nice present on her birthday. Will it be a big surprise to her?A. shouldB. mustC. wouldD. shall She just couldn't believe that her husband， to whom she had been loyal forso many years， _ desert her after he

14、became rich.A. mightB. shouldC. shallD. must A Mr. Smith is waiting outside for the appointment with you._ hecome in? Yes， please let him in.A. ShallB. MayC. WillD. Need He is always on time for work. How _ it be that he was late yesterday?A. canB. mightC. mayD. must Lucy doesn't mind lending you her dictionary. She _. I've already borrowed one