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1、數(shù)詞英語(yǔ)數(shù)詞表示數(shù)目或者順序, 可分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞?;鶖?shù)詞表示數(shù)量,序數(shù)詞表示順序。知識(shí)梳理:提綱挈領(lǐng),抓住重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)!一、基數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成1 1 12 的基數(shù)詞是獨(dú)立的單詞,即: one , two , three , four , five , six , seven , eight , nine , ten , eleven , twelve 。2 1319 的基數(shù)詞以-teen結(jié)尾。如:fourteen , seventeen 等,但13 ,15, 18 較特殊,13 thirteen 15 fifteen 18 eighteen 。3 2090 的整十位均以 -ty結(jié)尾。如:sixty

2、 , ninety ,但 20 , 30,40 ,50 , 80 較特殊,20 twenty 30 thirty 40forty 50 fifty 80 eighty 。4 十位數(shù)與個(gè)位數(shù)之間要加連字符號(hào)“ - ”,如:28 twenty-eight , 96 ninety-six 。5 百位和十位 (若無(wú)十位則和個(gè)位) 之間加 and, 如: 148 one hundred and forty-eight 406 four hundred and six 。6 hundred (百) , thousand (千) , million (百萬(wàn)) , billion (十億)等前面即使有具體的數(shù)

3、詞,也不能在它們的后面加So如:600 six hundred , 8百萬(wàn)一eight million 。7 1000 以上的數(shù)字, 從后往前數(shù)每三位加一個(gè)逗號(hào)“, ”第一個(gè)逗號(hào)前為千( thousand ) ,第二個(gè)逗號(hào)前為百百( million ) ,第三個(gè)逗號(hào)前為 billion (十億) 。英語(yǔ)中無(wú)“百”這個(gè) 詞,我們可以用“幾十個(gè)千( thousand )”表示幾百,“幾百個(gè)千( thousand )”表示“幾十萬(wàn)”。如:2, 510= two thousand five hundred and ten; 84, 296= eight-four thousand two hundre

4、d and ninety-six ; 274, 350 = two hundred and seventy-four thousand three hundred and fifty 。二、序數(shù)詞的構(gòu)成序數(shù)詞一般是以與之相應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞尾加-th 構(gòu)成,例如 fourth, tenth, 但以下的這些基數(shù)詞變?yōu)樾驍?shù)詞時(shí), 有特別之處。1.one- first, two - second, three - third, five - fifth, nice -ninth, twelve - twelfth2. 以 ty 結(jié)尾的單詞, 要先變 y 為 I, 在加 -eth. 例如: thirty -t

5、hirtieth, fifty -fiftieth3. 以 one, two, three 等結(jié)尾的多位數(shù)詞, 要將各位數(shù)變成序數(shù)詞。 例如: twenty-one - twenty-first, one hundred and one - one hundred and first注意: 序數(shù)詞前常用定冠詞, 有時(shí)還可以用不定冠詞a/an 則表示 “又一 ”的意思。例如: Mr Brown has a second car. 布朗先生另外還有一輛車。He has tried a second time. 他又嘗試了一次。三、數(shù)詞的應(yīng)用1 時(shí)刻的表示:小時(shí)、點(diǎn)鐘、分鐘、秒鐘要用基數(shù)詞。&quo

6、t;幾點(diǎn)鐘"用基數(shù)詞加o'clock。o'clock 可省略。如:5點(diǎn)鐘一five (o'clock ).“幾點(diǎn)過(guò)幾分“,w 30分鐘”用介詞 past。如:7 : 05five past seven ; 7:15 fifteen ( a quarter ) past seven ; 7: 30 half past seven 。“差幾分幾點(diǎn)"用介詞"to "。如:7: 40twenty to eight ; 7: 45fifteen(a quarterto eight 。日常生活中的時(shí)間讀法常常簡(jiǎn)化,直接按基數(shù)詞的順序讀。如:

7、7: 05seven o five ; 7: 15 seven fifteen 。2年月日的表示: 年份用基數(shù)詞, 如: 1999 年 nineteen ninety-nine ; 1900 年 nineteen hundred ; 2000 two thousand ; 1905 nineteen o five ; 年用基數(shù)詞,日用序數(shù)詞。如: 1998 年 6 月 8 日 寫作: June 8, 1998;讀作:Junethe eighth , nineteen ninety-eight 或 the eighth of June , nineteen ninety-eight 。3. 世紀(jì)

8、、年代表示法:(在)90 年代(in) the nineties(在)19 世紀(jì)(in) the nineteenth century(在) 18世紀(jì) 30 年代 (in) 1730s 或 1730s4編號(hào)的表示: Lesson One = the first lesson 第一課;Bus No. 3= the No . 3bus 3 路公共汽車;表示住所時(shí)不用“No.如: 302房間一Room 302 (讀彳room three o two );如果編號(hào)的數(shù)詞比較長(zhǎng),一般用基數(shù)詞。如: Page 457第457頁(yè);電話號(hào)碼, 用基數(shù)詞 , 如: 3855633 three eight fiv

9、e five ( double five ) six three three ( double three ) 。5分?jǐn)?shù)的表達(dá):分子用基數(shù)詞,分母用序數(shù)詞,分子大于“1”,分母則加“ s”。如:1/3 one third ,2 3two thirds;另外: 1 2 a ( one) half; 1 4one fourth 或 a ( one) quarter;3 4threefourths 或 three quarters 。half a second; a quarter of a second 四分之一秒6. 表示有小數(shù)的詞用基數(shù)詞。5.5 five point five12.135 t

10、welve point one three five7表示百分?jǐn)?shù)5 % : five percent (per cent) , 0.8 % zero point eight percent (per cent).8表示有小數(shù)的詞用基數(shù)詞。5.5 five point five12.135 twelve point one three five9其他用法:1) 基數(shù)詞單數(shù)名詞形容詞構(gòu)成合成形容詞。 如: 一個(gè)五歲的男孩a five-year-old boy ;一座 800 米長(zhǎng)的橋 an 800-metre-long bridge ; 女子 400 米接力 girls'400-metre

11、 relayrace 。2)具體數(shù)詞metre (s) kilometre( s) kilo (s) long high tall deep away 等。如:長(zhǎng)江長(zhǎng)6300 公里。 The Changjiang River is 6, 300 kilometres long 3)表示" 幾十歲 " 用序數(shù)詞, eg. 在他三十幾歲時(shí)in his thirties4)倍數(shù)的表達(dá):( 一倍用once ,兩倍用twice ,兩倍以上用基數(shù)詞 times 。如: 5 倍 fivetimes) 。例如: He is as tall a boy as I.He is a head t

12、aller than I .He is two years older than IChina is four times as large as Europe.I am twice as old as you. (=I am twice older than you. /I am twice the age of you.) My books are twice as many as yours.China is four times larger than Europe.(=China is four times the size of Europe.) I pay twice as mu

13、ch as it was worth.I pay twice as much for the house.例題解析:舉一反三,學(xué)的更輕松!1) Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympic.A. Thousand B. Thousands C. Thousand of D. Thousands of2) Both of the rules are broken. I want to buy a one.A. three B. third C. forth D. /3) . - Whi

14、ch is the smallest number of the four? -.A. Two- thirds B. A half C. A quarter D. Three-fourths4) . Please write down the new words in the text of.A. Lesson Eleven B. the Lesson Eleven C. Lesson Eleventh解析:1.基數(shù)詞 hundred, thousand, million, billion等前有具體數(shù)字時(shí),它們后面不能加s,若這些詞后面有介詞 of (幾百,成百上千),thousands of

15、 ( 幾千,數(shù)千 個(gè)),millions of, billions of 前不可用數(shù)詞修飾。但可用 many, some, several 等修飾。故選答案 D.2 .答案:Bo此題主要考查序數(shù)詞的運(yùn)用。3 .答案:Co此題主要考查英語(yǔ)中的分?jǐn)?shù)表示法。英語(yǔ)中表示分?jǐn)?shù)時(shí),分母用序數(shù)詞,分子用基數(shù)詞,當(dāng)分子大于1時(shí),表示分母的序數(shù)詞后要加s.4 .答案:Ao此題主要考查基數(shù)詞的編號(hào)。在通常情況下,名詞編號(hào)有這幾種表示法:1。事物名詞+基數(shù)詞,且每個(gè)單詞的首字母都要大寫。如: Lesson曰even ;2。定冠詞+基數(shù)詞+事物名詞。如: No. 6 Middle School練習(xí)與鞏固:熟能生巧,取

16、得好成績(jī)!選擇填空:1. of people in the world are sending information by E-mail.ever day.A. Many million B. Several million C. Several millions D. Many millions2. About of the surface of the earth covered with water.A. three quarter, is B. three quarters, has C. three quarters, is D. three quarter, are3. It w

17、ill take time to finish the work.A. one and a half years ' B. a year and half C. one and a half year' s D.a year and half ' s4. - How long will your stay here ?、-For.A. one and two day ' s B. one and two day C. a day or two D. one or two day5. When he moved to Germany in, he was alre

18、ady in.A. the fifties; his sixties B. fifties; his sixtiesC. the fifties; his sixty D. fifty; sixty6. My brother lives in on floor.A. six Room ;second B. Room six ;the secondC. Room six; two floor D. the room six ; the second7. December is month of the year.A. twelve B. twelfth C. the twelfth D. the

19、 twelve8. This took place in the .A. 1940 B. 1940s C. 1940es D. 1940th9. It is only from my home to the train station.A. ten minutes walk B. ten-minutes walk C. ten minutes s walk D. tenminutes walk10. There are in this building , I live on .A. nine floors ,the ninth floor B. nine floor, the ninth f

20、loorC. nine floor , nine floors D.ninth floor,the ninth floor11. The water behind the Three Gorges Dams( 三峽大壩 ) should be higher thandownstream ( 下游)。A. sixty-five meterB. sixty-fifth meterC. sixty-five meters D. sixty-fifth meters12. There are days in a year.A. three hundred sixty-five B. three hun

21、dred and sixty-fiveC. three hundred and sixty- five D. two hundreds and sixty-five13. -How many teachers are there in your school?- . , but I'm not sure.A. Hundreds B. Hundred C. Hundreds of D. One hundred14. There are doctors and nurses working hard in that hospital.A. thousand B. two thousand C. two thousands D. two thousands of15

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