定語從句詳細講解+配套練習人教版初三英語(上)

1、定語從句概念：在復合句中,修飾某一名或代詞的句子(從句)叫 ,在句中作定語。 定語從句所修飾的詞叫 ,引導定語從句的詞叫 。(即關(guān)系代或副詞)I know the man who is standing under the tree. 先行詞 關(guān)系代詞 定語從句 1.限制性和非限制性定語從句 ”，” that不相容2.定從解題兩步走 找到從句畫括號，根據(jù)成分選連詞3. that和Which的選擇 十字方針，兩不選4.先行詞是表時間（when）、地點(where)和原因(why),究竟用關(guān)系副詞還是用關(guān)系代詞 兩竅門:1.關(guān)代、關(guān)副看成分,根據(jù)成分選連詞2.從句謂動是及物,若后無賓選關(guān)代;謂動若

2、是不及物,選擇關(guān)副且記住注意:關(guān)系代詞(引導詞)在從句中作主語時,從句謂語的人稱、數(shù)必須和先行詞保持一致。Eg:He is the student (who) (know) the answer to the question. Many boys(who) (have) lots of toys gave away their toys to the charity yesterday.Eg:The information that by the teachers about studying topics is useful for your tests,so it is necessar

3、y for you to learn to take good notes. A.are provided B.was provided C.is provided D.were provided一.限定性 關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,which,whose,that,as. 關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why. 介詞+關(guān)系代詞：whom(人),which(物).二.非限制性 關(guān)系代詞：who,whom,which,whose,as.(作主、賓、表、定語，充當主干成分) 關(guān)系副詞：when,where,why.(作狀語)1.限制性和非限制性定語從句的區(qū)別：限制性非限制性與先行詞的關(guān)系修飾限

4、制作用補充說明作用逗號無有關(guān)系代詞that只用于限制性定從 Eg:The boy who is playing football is my father.(修飾限制)Mr. Smith,who lives next door,comes from Canada.(補充說明)2.定語從句的解題思路(秒殺技巧:兩步走)找到從句畫括號,根據(jù)成分選連詞 (1)找到從句畫括號(連詞起,第二個動詞為止)Eg:I know the man who is standing under the tree. A man who doesnt want to learn from others cant achi

5、eve much.The boy who is writing is my younger brother.(2)根據(jù)成分選連詞(四看妙招: (一看指人還是物,二看介詞在何處;三看句中作何用,四看是否屬特殊)一看:He is the student ( ) knows the answer to the question. Many boys ( ) have lots of toys gave away their toys to the charity yesterday. Have you read the book ( / ) is about the moon? 二看:This is

6、 the pen ( ) Im looking for. This is the house in ( ) I was born. Do you know the kid with ( ) Bob is talking over there?三看:Do you know the man ( ) is sitting next to Sally? The police arrested the criminal ( ) was wanted for the murder. What is wrong with the car ( / ) he bought last month.四看:This

7、is the most beautiful place ( ) I have ever visited. Mr. Green is the best teacher ( ) teaches us English. Now the hottest topic ( ) people are talking about is the safety of food.3.定語從句連接詞 主語:Who(人)、which(物)、that(是個大人/物) 賓語:who/whom(人)、which(物)、that(人/物) 定語:whose(人/物的) 狀語:where(地點),when(時間),why(原因)

8、5.Whose(人/物)+名詞Eg:This is the girl ( ) mother works in our school.I like the car ( ) color is blue. The house ( ) roof(名) was damaged has now been repaired.6.which和that的抉擇(十字方針，兩不選) (1)只用that的情況(十字方針)兩:先行詞既有人又有物 Eg:They are talking about the people and the things ( ) they like.代:先行詞為everything,anyth

9、ing,nothing,all等指物的代詞時 Eg:There is nothing ( ) he doest know. I love all the books ( ) are written by Saomao.限:先行詞被the noly,the very,the last,the same以及much,little,few,no等限定詞修飾時 Eg:This is the only game ( ) I enjoy.形:先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾時 Eg:This is the best gift( ) I have ever got on my birthday.數(shù):先行詞為數(shù)量詞時

10、 Eg: You can catch the four ( ) are dead.特:特殊疑問句(用that以避免重復) Eg: Who is the boy ( ) is talking. Which is the book ( ) you gave me yesterday.典型列題:-Who is the man is talking to our English teacher?-Oh!Its Mr Baker,our new math teacher. A.he B.that C.whom D.which有:There/Here be(is/are)句型中 Eg:There is a

11、 skirt( )belongs to Lucy in the bag重:多重定語從句中已有了which,為避免重復 Eg: The TV set which I bought from the shop( )opened last month was broken. The man who is standing behind the people( )are playing cards is my uncle.表:關(guān)系代詞在句中作表語 Eg:You are not the girl ( ) you used to be. My hometown is no longer the place

12、( ) it used to be.序:先行詞被序數(shù)詞修飾 Eg: Is it the second time ( ) you have come here? (2)只用which的情況(兩不選,一注意) 1.非限制性定語從句(標志:主句和從句用逗號”，”分開) The book , which I borrowed from Jim , is so interesting.2.當關(guān)系代詞之前有介詞時 This is the house in ( ) I was born. This is the room in ( ) I once lived.一注意:which(這一點)和as(正如、正像

13、)的區(qū)別(有時可互換)(都可以代替整個句子的內(nèi)容,放在主句之后,充當主、賓、表語) Eg:John passed the exam , which/as we all expected.（這一點我們預料到了/正如我們所預料的一樣）只能用which的情況 關(guān)系代詞作定語修飾名詞時 Eg:He was born in the 1940s, during (which) time there was war.只能用as的情況 1.當先行詞有such,the same修飾時 Eg: It is such an interesting film as we all like.(as作like的賓語) 2

14、.當非限制性定語從句放到句首時Eg: As is known to all, Beijing is the capital of China. Beijing is the capital of China, as is known to all. Beijing is the capital of China, which is known to all.例題：There is no simple answer , is often the case in science.(這是常有的事)A. as B. that C. when D. where7.先行詞是表時間（when）、地點(whe

15、re)和原因(why),小試牛刀：Ive been to the place ( ) I was born. I met him in the year ( ) I worked in Tianjin. Thats the reason ( ) he was angry.(1)關(guān)代(主、定、賓)、關(guān)副(狀)看成分,根據(jù)成分選連詞 1.The girl ( / ) I like isnt here now. 2.Tell me the reason( )you are late.(2)從句謂動是及物,若后無賓選關(guān)代;謂動若是不及物,選擇關(guān)副且記住1.I still remember the da

16、y( )we met for the first time.2.This is the place ( ) the old man lived last year. A.when B.where C.that 3.Ill never forget the days ( )I spent in the countryside. A. when B. which 4. I will go to the places( )the people are friendly. 定語從句習題專練一、選擇題。1.Have you read the book is about the moon? A.what

17、B.it C.which2.The policeman caught the thief had stolen Mr.Lis computer. A.whose B.who C.whom3.The basketball I bought yesterday cost me 80 yuan. A.that B.where C.who4.Tony,tell me the result of the discussion you had made with your Dad yesterday. A.what B.which C.when5.My favorite city is Guiyang,

18、is famous for its beautiful scenery. A.where B.what C.which D.who6.Who is the man was talking to our Chinese teacher? Oh!Its Mr.Baker,our maths teacher. A.he B.that C.whom D.which7.He lived in a small village, was a long way from the railway station. A.that B.which C.where D.when8.Betty went to the

19、museum and saw many pictures were drawn by a famous person. A.that B.who C.what9.This is the place the old man lived last year. A.when B.where C.that10.That is the old man house was destroyed in Yushu earthquake. A.who B.That C.whose D.which11.John is the boy legs were badly in the accident. A.whose

20、 B.that C.who12. is known to everybody, the moon travels around the earth once every month. A.It B.AS C.That D.What13.What kind of music do you like, Rosa? I love music is quiet and gentle. A.That B.who C.where14.Yesterday was my birthday.My friend sent me a CD is made by Han Gang. A.who B.what C.wh

21、ich D.whom15.Do you know the man is talking to our English teacher? A.whom B.who C.which D.what16.Do you prefer the house that like a garden? A.look B.looks C.is look D.looking二、填入恰當?shù)脑~,使句意完整。1.The woman you were talking about is here now.2.The little girl is singing English song in the next room is

22、Peters sister.3.I like those singers play their own music ,Jay is one of them.4.That is the old man house was destroyed in Yushu Earthquake.5.The school things were given by students will be sent to poor areas next month.6.I like music sing along with.7. I'll never forget the last day we spent t

23、ogether.8. I live in Beijing, is the capital of China.9. There was a time there were slaves in the USA.10. It is the third time you have made the same mistake.定語從句另類題型1. I still remember the night I first came to the house.2. I'll never forget the day we met each other last week.3. Mr.Black is g

24、oing to Beijing in October, is the best season there.4. I will never forget the days I spent with your family.5. I'll never forget the last day we spent together.6. This is the school I used to study.7. Do you still remember the place we visited last week?8. Do you still remember the place we vi

25、sited the painting exhibition?9. Have you ever been to Hangzhou, is famous for the West Lake?10. Have you ever bee to Hangzhou, lies the West Lake?11. Tom will go to Shanghai, live his two brothers.12. I live in Beijing, is the capital of China.13. There was a time there were slaves in the USA.14. I

26、t is the third time you have made the same mistake.15. It was in the street I met John yesterday.16. It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.17. The moment I saw you, I recognized(認出)you.18. This is the very novel about we've talked so much.19. This is th

27、e way he did it.20. Who is the student was late for school today?21. Who knows him wants to make friends with him?22. What else was there in my brother you didn't like?23. He lives in the room window faces to the south.24. He lives in the room, the window faces to the south.25. This is Mr. John

28、for son I brought a book yesterday.26. This is Mr. John for I bought a book yesterday.27. This is the hour the place is always full of women and children.28. And there is one point I'd like your advice.29. Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long.30. I hope you will find

29、 this valley a beautiful place you may spend your weekend.KEYS:1. when   2. when  3. which   4. that/which   5. that6. where   7. that/which  8. where  9. which   10. where 11. where   12. which  13. when  

30、; 14. that   15. that 16. that   17. (that)   18. which    19. (that/in which)   20.that21.that   22 that   23.whose    24. of which   25. whose26. whom    27. when  

31、; 28. that    29. that     30. where（ ）1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure.    A. which      B. what      C. as         D. those（ ）2. Is this t

32、he factory _ you visited the other day?    A. that        B. where     C. in which    D. the one（ ）3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?    A. that    

33、0;    B. where    C. which      D. the one（ ）4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?    A. that         B. where     C. which      D. t

34、he one（ ）5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found. A. that         B. where     C. in which   D. in that（ ）6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice.     A. at which

35、      B. on that    C. in which   D. of what（ ）7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.     A. how you have observed    B. what you have observed     C. that you have observed&

36、#160;   D. how that you have observed（ ）8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.     A. because      B. why     C. that         D. whether（ ）9. Ill tell you _ he told me

37、last week.      A. all which      B. that      C. all that    D. which（ ）10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old.      A. whose       B. of

38、which    C. in which   D. on which（ ）11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.       A. as          B. that         C. which     D.

39、 what（ ）12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very angry.      A. which       B. it           C. that       D. what（ ）13. Were talking about the piano

40、and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.        A. which        B. whom      C. who       D. that（ ）14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Tom

41、s sister.        A. who is singing B. is singing   C. sang      D. was singing（ ）15. Those _ not only from books but also through practice will succeed.        A. learn    

42、60;    B. who        C. that learns D. who learn（ ）16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.       A. that against   B. that against C. who is against D. who are against（ ）17. Didnt you see the man _?  

43、;     A. I nodded just now         B. whom I nodded just now       C. I nodded to him just now   D. I nodded to just now（ ）18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?      

44、A. that you talked    B. you talked about it C. which you talked with    D. you talked about（ ）19. Is there anything _ to you?      A. that is belonged      B. that belongs C. that belong   

45、    D. which belongs（ ）20.“How do you like the book?” “Its quite different from _ I read last month.”     A. that     B. which    C. the one        D. the one what（ ）21. Mr. Zhang gave the t

46、extbook to all the pupils except _ who had already taken them.      A. the ones B. ones      C. some         D. the others（ ）22. The train _ she was travelling was late.      A. which B

47、. where      C. on which     D. in that（ ）23. He has lost the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.      A. where    B. in which    C. under which D. which（ ）24. Antarctic _ we know very little is

48、covered with thick ice all the year round.A. which     B. where      C. that       D. about which（ ）25. Its the third time _ late this month.      A. that you arrived     B. w

49、hen you arrived C. that youve arrived    D. when youve arrived（ ）26. It was in 1969 _ the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.      A. that       B. which       C. when  

50、;   D. in which（ ）27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.        A. which     B. when       C. on which D. about which（ ）28.We are going to spend the Spring Festival in Guangzh

51、ou, live my grandparents and some relatives.        A. which      B. that        C. who      D. where（ ）29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside.   

52、     A. we stayed at       B. where we stayed at C. we stayed       D. in that we stayed（ ）30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced?        A. in which &#

53、160; B. where    C. which    D. that（ ）31. It is the Suez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa.       A. which, to         B. where, from  C. that, from        D. th

54、at, with（ ）32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below,_was a small canoe, with a boy in it.     A. there      B. where     C. it     D. which（ ）33. He is not _ a fool _.     A. such, as

55、 he is looked      B. such, as he looks     C. as, as he is looked        D. so, as he looks（ ）34. Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal?     A. which      B.

56、 what     C. why   D. for that（ ）35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.A. that         B. as      C. who    D. what（ ）36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.  &#

57、160;  A. two of whom        B. both of whom C. both of which        D. all of whom（ ）37. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.      A. who is     B. wh

58、o am    C. that is     D. what is（ ）38. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned.      A. who        B. that       C. from which D. from whom（ ）39.Do you know th

59、e town at all? No, this is the first time I _ here.        A. was      B. have been   C. came    D. am coming（ ）40. I dont like _ you speak to her.        A. the way  

60、60;     B. the way in that C. the way which        D. the way of which（ ）41. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.A. about which           B. of which C. in which         D. for which（ ）42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we _.         A. wou